‘Color’ processing in the butterfly visual system

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 46(5), С. 338 - 340

Опубликована: Март 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Colour vision in ants (Formicidae, Hymenoptera)

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 377(1862)

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2022

Ants are ecologically one of the most important groups insects and exhibit impressive capabilities for visual learning orientation. Studies on numerous ant species demonstrate that ants can learn to discriminate between different colours irrespective light intensity modify their behaviour accordingly. However, findings across variable inconsistent, suggesting our understanding colour vision in what roles ecological phylogenetic factors play is at an early stage. This review provides a brief synopsis critical past century research by compiling studies address molecular, physiological behavioural aspects vision. With this, we aim improve gain deeper insights into mysterious colourful world ants. article part theme issue ‘Understanding vision: physiological, neuronal arthropods’.

Язык: Английский

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Night skies through animals’ eyes—Quantifying night-time visual scenes and light pollution as viewed by animals

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2022

A large proportion of animal species enjoy the benefits being active at night, and have evolved corresponding optical neural adaptations to cope with challenges low light intensities. However, over past century electric lighting has introduced direct indirect pollution into full range terrestrial habitats, changing nocturnal animals' visual worlds dramatically. To understand how these changes affect behavior, we here propose an animal-centered analysis method based on environmental imaging. This approach incorporates sensitivity acuity limits individual species, arriving predictions photon catch relative noise thresholds, contrast distributions, orientation cues can extract from scenes. relies just a limited number system parameters known for each species. By accounting light-adaptation in our analysis, are able make more realistic information animals scenes under different levels pollution. With this method, aim provide context interpretation behavioral findings, allow researchers generate specific hypotheses behavior observed light-polluted

Язык: Английский

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Circadian rhythm entrainment of the jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis , by antagonistic interactions of multiple spectral inputs

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 290(1992)

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Circadian light entrainment in some insects is regulated by blue-light-sensitive cryptochrome (CRY) protein that expressed the clock neurons, but this not case hymenopterans. The hymenopteran does contain CRY, it appears to be light-insensitive. Therefore, we investigated role of retinal photoreceptors photic jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Application monochromatic stimuli at different intensities caused phase shifts wasp's circadian activity from which an action spectrum with three distinct peaks was derived. Electrophysiological recordings compound eyes and ocelli revealed presence photoreceptor classes, peak sensitivities 340 nm (ultraviolet), 450 (blue) 530 (green). An additional class sensitivity maximum 560-580 (red) found. Whereas a simple sum spectral could explain shifts, modelling indicates antagonistic interactions between pairs photoreceptors, residing ocelli. Our findings imply mechanism N. vitripennis encompasses neural pathways for measuring absolute luminance as well circuits mediating colour opponency.

Язык: Английский

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Spectral sensitivity of retinal photoreceptors of tortricid moths is not tuned to diel activity period

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226(15)

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are a large family of small moths containing over 10,000 species, many which crop pests. Grapholita molesta, Lobesia botrana and Cydia pomonella adults sexually active before, during after sunset, respectively. We wanted to determine whether being at different times the day night is associated with differences in their visual system. Spectral sensitivity (SS) was measured electroretinograms selective adaptation green, blue ultraviolet light. SS curves could be fitted triple nomogram template indicated existence three photoreceptor classes peaking 355, 440 525 nm. The retinae showed clear regionalization, fewer receptors dorsally. No among species or between sexes were found. Intracellular recordings C. also revealed sensitivities photoreceptors inhibitory responses green part spectrum, indicating presence colour-opponent Flicker fusion frequency experiments that response speed similar fused around 100 Hz. Our results indicate have ancestral insect retinal substrate for trichromatic colour vision, based upon UV, green-sensitive photoreceptors, lack any prominent adaptations related under light conditions.

Язык: Английский

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A hypothesis for robust polarization vision: an example from the Australian imperial blue butterfly,Jalmenus evagoras

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226(7)

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

ABSTRACT The Australian lycaenid butterfly Jalmenus evagoras has iridescent wings that are sexually dimorphic, spectrally and in their degree of polarization, suggesting these properties likely to be important mate recognition. We first describe the results a field experiment showing free-flying individuals J. discriminate between visual stimuli vary polarization content blue wavelengths but not others. then present detailed reflectance spectrophotometry measurements male female wings, exhibit blue-shifted reflectance, with lower relative wings. Finally, we novel method for measuring alignment ommatidial arrays: by variation depolarized eyeshine intensity from patches ommatidia as function eye rotation, show (a) individual rhabdoms contain mutually perpendicular microvilli; (b) many array have microvilli misaligned respect neighboring much 45 deg; (c) useful robust detection. By mapping distribution misalignments evagoras, males females differences extent which aligned. Both number suitable detection aligned edge both sex patch elevation. Thus, exhibits finely tuned arrays perception polarized signals, match sex-specific life history utility signals.

Язык: Английский

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Bioinspired Vertical Transistors from Artificial Synapse to Neuromorphic System

physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(12)

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Neuromorphic devices emulating the brain functionality have achieved a substantial scientific leap in last decade. Among them, neuromorphic vertical transistors attracted extensive interests due to their abilities of mitigating physical channel‐length limitations and developing new‐generation 3D integrated electronics. In this review, recent advances major trends field emerging based on transistor are focused on. It has been started with brief introduction biological nervous system behaviors. Next, latest development shed light bio‐related applications discussed. They discussed detail from aspects materials potential applications. Finally, future research challenges briefly summarized, prospects

Язык: Английский

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Multiple axes of visual system diversity in Ithomiini, an ecologically diverse tribe of mimetic butterflies

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226(24)

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023

The striking structural variation seen in arthropod visual systems can be explained by the overall quantity and spatio-temporal structure of light within habitats coupled with developmental physiological constraints. However, little is currently known about how fine-scale structures arises across shorter evolutionary ecological scales. In this study, we characterise patterns interspecific (between species), intraspecific sexes) intraindividual eye regions) system four ithomiine butterfly species. These species are part a diverse 26-million-year-old Neotropical radiation where changes mimetic colouration associated shifts ecology, such as microhabitat preference. Using combination selection analyses on opsin sequences, vivo ophthalmoscopy, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy neural tracing, quantify describe physiological, anatomical molecular traits involved processing. these data, provide evidence substantial Ithomiini, including: (i) relaxed opsins, perhaps mediated habitat preference, (ii) physiology anatomy, (iii) extensive sexual dimorphism, including complete absence butterfly-specific optic neuropil males some We conclude that considerable exist insect radiations, hinting at lability to rapidly develop specialisations distinct ecologies, acting perceptual, processing level.

Язык: Английский

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Morphology and spectral sensitivity of long visual fibers and lamina monopolar cells in the butterfly Papilio xuthus

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 532(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Abstract Extensive analysis of the flower‐visiting behavior a butterfly, Papilio xuthus , has indicated complex interaction between chromatic, achromatic, and motion cues. Their eyes are spectrally rich with six classes photoreceptors, respectively sensitive in ultraviolet, violet, blue, green, red, broad‐band wavelength regions. Here, we studied anatomy physiology photoreceptors second‐order neurons P. focusing on their spectral sensitivities projection terminals to address where early visual integration takes place. We thus found blue all terminate distal region second optic ganglion, medulla. identified five types based arborization first lamina, shape medulla terminals. sensitivity is independent morphological but reflects combination pre‐synaptic photoreceptors. The results indicate that most plausible for integration.

Язык: Английский

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Integrating ultraviolet sensing and memory functions in gallium nitride-based optoelectronic devices

Nanoscale Horizons, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(7), С. 1166 - 1174

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Optoelectronic devices present a promising avenue for emulating the human visual system. However, existing struggle to maintain optical image information after removing external stimuli, preventing integration of perception and memory. The development optoelectronic memory offers feasible solution bridge this gap. Simultaneously, artificial vision perceiving storing ultraviolet (UV) images is particularly important because UV light carries imperceptible naked eye. This study introduces multi-level based on gallium nitride (GaN), seamlessly integrating sensing functions within single device. embedded SiO2 side-gates around source drain regions effectively extend lifetime photo-generated carriers, enabling dual-mode storage signals in terms threshold voltage ON-state current. demonstrates excellent robustness with retention time exceeding 4 × 104 s programming/erasing cycles surpassing 1 105. Adjusting gate achieves five distinct states, each characterized by retention, efficiently modulates erasure times rapid erasure. Furthermore, GaN array successfully captures stably stores specific over 7 days. marks significant stride memories, showcasing their potential applications requiring prolonged retention.

Язык: Английский

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