The caloric value of food intake structurally adjusts a neuronal mushroom body circuit mediating olfactory learning inDrosophila

Learning & Memory, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(5), С. a053997 - a053997

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Associative learning enables the adaptive adjustment of behavioral decisions based on acquired, predicted outcomes. The valence what is learned influenced not only by stimuli and their temporal relations, but also prior experiences internal states. In this study, we used fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to demonstrate that neuronal circuits involved in associative olfactory undergo restructuring during extended periods low-caloric food intake. Specifically, observed a decrease connections between specific dopaminergic neurons (DANs) Kenyon cells at distinct compartments mushroom body. This structural synaptic plasticity was contingent upon presence allatostatin A receptors DANs could be mimicked optogenetically expressing light-activated adenylate cyclase exactly these DANs. Importantly, found rearrangement aversive, punishment-induced did impact appetitive, reward-based learning. Whether induced prolonged conditions or optogenetic manipulation cAMP levels, resulted reduction aversive Consequently, balance positive negative reinforcing signals shifted, diminishing ability learn avoid odor cues signaling These results exemplify how circuit required for memory undergoes dependent nutritional value food.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of sugar diet on humidity preference, survival, and host landing in mosquitoes

Journal of Medical Entomology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2025

Mosquito-borne diseases have caused more than 1 million deaths each year. There is an urgent need to develop effective way reduce mosquito-host interaction mitigate disease transmission. Sugar diets long been linked abnormal physiology in animals, making them potential candidates for mosquito control. Here, we show the impact of sugar on humidity preference and survival Aedes aegypti (Gainesville) Culex pipiens (Buckeye). Two-choice assays with high low relative (80% 50% RH) that species-specific. In comparison Cx. pipiens, various resulted marked reductions avidity Ae. aegypti, which exhibited significant differences. Among diets, arabinose significantly reduced rate mosquitoes at concentrations. Moreover, found host landing was not impacted by feeding different types. Our study suggests specific treatments could be applied control dampening their reducing lifespan, thus mosquito-borne

Язык: Английский

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Taste Plasticity in Nutrition and Health: A Scoping Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(8), С. 1336 - 1336

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2025

Taste sensation is at the intersection of nutrition and health. Our food choices are shaped by foods we like, but our dietary habits can, in turn, influence how sense food. This phenomenon, known as diet-induced taste plasticity, has received renewed attention a tool for designing healthier retraining eating habits. review synthesizes emerging data from humans model organisms to characterize environments shape while exploring its underlying molecular physiological mechanisms. Although there still so much discover about this accumulating evidence suggests an inverse relationship between tastant concentration ability organism respond it. The effects largely depend on diet, body weight changes play role specific settings. Several mechanisms play, including receptor abundance function, neuroendocrine signaling, gene expression, neuroinflammation. Many open questions remain, times exposure manifest consequences Beyond mechanisms, future research should explore strategies leverage adaptation design.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity‐ and diet‐induced plasticity in systems that control eating and energy balance

Obesity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(8), С. 1425 - 1440

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

In April 2023, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), in partnership with Child Health Human Development, on Aging, Office Behavioral Social Sciences Research, hosted a 2-day online workshop to discuss neural plasticity energy homeostasis obesity. The goal was provide broad view current knowledge while identifying research questions challenges regarding systems that control food intake balance. This review includes highlights from meeting is intended both introduce unfamiliar audiences concepts central homeostasis, feeding, obesity highlight up-and-coming these areas may be special interest those background fields. overarching theme this addresses within peripheral nervous regulates influences eating, emphasizing distinctions between healthy disease states. by no means comprehensive because rapidly developing area. However, we have pointed out relevant reviews primary articles throughout, as well gaps understanding opportunities for developments field.

Язык: Английский

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Use-dependent, untapped dual kinase signaling localized in brain learning circuitry

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. e1126232024 - e1126232024

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Imaging brain learning and memory circuit kinase signaling is a monumental challenge. The s eparation of p hases-based ctivity r eporter k inase (SPARK) biosensors allow circuit-localized studies multiple interactive kinases in vivo , including protein A (PKA) extracellular signal-regulated (ERK) signaling. In the precisely-mapped Drosophila learning/memory circuit, we find PKA ERK differentially enriched distinct Kenyon cell connectivity nodes. We discover that potentiating normal activity induces signaling, expanding function within new presynaptic postsynaptic domains. Activity-induced shows extensive overlap with previously selective nodes, while activity-induced arises targeted synaptic transmission blockade cells elevates induction normally high baseline suggesting lateral feedback inhibition. overexpression pathway-linking Meng-Po (human SBK1) serine/threonine to improve acquisition consolidation results dramatically heightened separable revealing both synchronized untapped potential. Finally, mechanically-induced epileptic seizure model ( easily shocked “bang-sensitive” mutants) has strongly elevated, Both sexes were used all experiments, except for hemizygous male-only model. Hyperexcitable, learning-enhanced, models have comparably elevated common basis use-dependent induction. conclude modulation locally coordinated spatial dynamics underlying susceptibility linked Significance Statement Critical act circuits enable experience-dependent plasticity. This work images elucidate circuit-level organization relative mapped different exhibit domains, which reorganized by levels. newest kinase, Meng-Po/SBK1, co-regulates Targeted over-expression Meng-Po/SBK1 improves memory, indicating potential may enhance capabilities learn remember. Linked similarly increases circuitry, trade-off benefit instability. mechanistically connects hyperexcitation via

Язык: Английский

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Skewing information flow through pre- and postsynaptic plasticity in the mushroom bodies ofDrosophila

Learning & Memory, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(5), С. a053919 - a053919

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Animal brains need to store information construct a representation of their environment. Knowledge what happened in the past allows both vertebrates and invertebrates predict future outcomes by recalling previous experience. Although invertebrate vertebrate share common principles at molecular, cellular, circuit-architectural levels, there are also obvious differences as exemplified use acetylcholine versus glutamate considered main excitatory neurotransmitters respective central nervous systems. Nonetheless, across systems, synaptic plasticity is thought be substrate for memory storage. Therefore, how brain circuits contacts change following learning fundamental interest understanding computations tied behavior any animal. Recent progress has been made such plastic changes olfactory associative mushroom bodies (MBs) Drosophila . A current framework memory-guided behavioral selection based on MB skew model, which antagonistic pathways selectively changed strength. Here, we review insights into dedicated output update known about pre- postsynaptic compartments neurons.

Язык: Английский

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Overlap and divergence of neural circuits mediating distinct behavioral responses to sugar

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

SUMMARY A single sensory cue can elicit diverse behavioral responses. For example, the taste of sugar robustly promotes feeding 1, 2 but also influences other behaviors, such as altering locomotor patterns to maximize food-finding 3, 4 or conferring a rewarding value onto associated contexts cues. 5–7 Here, we investigate how sweet elicits multiple appetitive behaviors in Drosophila . Are different sugar-evoked coordinately regulated? At what point does circuit diverge into pathways that drive distinct behaviors? We first established an optogenetic paradigm study effects on locomotion, spatial preference, and associative learning. then tested were modulated by internal external factors, including hunger, diet, presence aversive taste. Different generally similar ways, observed some differences reveal selective modulation specific pathways. Finally, investigated where diverges recent identified sensory-motor comprising five layers neurons drives initiation response sugar. 8 By individually manipulating each these neurons, show circuits mediating innate responses are partially overlapping begin at level second- third-order whereas for versus learned may synapse. Connectomic analyses subcircuits mediate behaviors. Together, studies provide insight neural organized stimulus.

Язык: Английский

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FAME4-associating YEATS2 knockdown impairs dopaminergic synaptic integrity and leads to seizure-like behaviours in Drosophila melanogaster

Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 233, С. 102558 - 102558

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Learning-dependent plasticity of the Drosophila mushroom body: An optophysiological approach

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Functional changes in the neuronal network of our brain enable experience-dependent adaptations to environment through behavior, referred as learning and memory. One fundamental topic has occupied neurosciences from very beginning: understanding mechanism memory formation its localization brain. Synaptic plasticity emerges a key this process, whereby neurons within circuit adjust their connectivity formation. Given that single neuron can interact with multiple synaptic partners, mechanisms must regulate individual subcellular segments facilitate complex circuits. The aim thesis is investigate elucidate underlying for confinement. Focusing primarily on learning-dependent plasticity, Drosophila mushroom body serves an accessible model due central role olfactory learning. Throughout work, comprehensive novel optophysiological approaches, such functional in-vivo cAMP imaging cell resolution, were used across various research topics during addresses wide range projects, each covering different behavioral implications context plasticity. Central these investigations second messenger cAMP, which plays crucial part regulating restricted by phosphodiesterase Dunce. main work focuses investigation intracellular confinement signaling Dunce compartmentalization. findings reveal regulator compartmentalization signals, offering valuable insights into independent units Based this, future studies be designed relation confined dynamics thus contribute localization.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of sugar diet on humidity preference, survival, and host landing in mosquitoes

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2024

Mosquito-borne diseases have caused more than one million deaths each year. There is an urgent need to develop effective way reduce mosquito-host interaction mitigate disease transmission. Sugar diets long been linked abnormal physiology in animals, making them potential candidates for mosquito control. Here, we show the impact of sugar on humidity preference and survival

Язык: Английский

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