Harnessing Nanohybridized Niclosamide for Precision Mpox Therapeutics

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Abstract Niclosamide, initially developed as an anthelmintic, has recently emerged a potential antiviral, showing efficacy against diverse viral threats, including Mpox. As the global health landscape faces recurrent Mpox outbreaks, repurposing niclosamide through advanced material strategies offers promising therapeutic avenues. This article explores antiviral mechanisms of niclosamide, focusing on how innovative nano‐hybrid formulations enhance its bioavailability and pharmacological performance. By leveraging nanohybridization, niclosamide's limitations—such poor solubility bioavailability—are addressed, enabling targeted delivery sustained release. Early preclinical studies reveal that disrupts replication entry processes, suggesting utility option poxvirus infections. Looking forward, further in vitro, animal models, clinical investigations are essential to optimize application dosing for With continued development materials, nanohybrid could become critical tool managing related offering accessible, cost‐effective outbreak preparedness.

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of miRNA in Cytokine Storm (CS) of COVID‐19 and Other Viral Infection: An Exhaustive Review

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In the initial stage of COVID‐19 pandemic, high case fatality was noted. The during this associated with cytokine storm (CS) or syndrome (CSS). Sometimes, virus infections are due to excessive secretion pro‐inflammatory cytokines, leading storms, which might be directed ARDS, multi‐organ failure, and death. However, it noted that several miRNAs involved in regulating cytokines SARS‐CoV‐2 other viruses such as IFNs, ILs, GM‐CSF, TNF, etc. article spotlighted caused by (influenza virus, MERS‐CoV, SARS‐CoV, dengue virus). Targeting those help discovery novel therapeutics, considering CS CSS different infections.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS‐CoV‐2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)‐Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

ABSTRACT Emerging viral pathogens, newly reported or rapidly evolving viruses, are a significant public health concern worldwide. Beyond their characteristic clinical presentations, emerging such as monkeypox virus (MPXV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), have been increasingly implicated in the development of various neuropsychiatric complications including depression, mainly due to ability induce neuroinflammation, immune dysfunction, neurotransmitter imbalances. Depression is common mental condition characterised by continuous low mood sadness, pessimism, anxiety, even tendency suicide main symptoms. Post depression commonly shows challenges, traditional antidepressant agents exhibit suboptimal efficacy prolonged onset action. Regarding this, ketamine its enantiomers, S‐ketamine R‐ketamine, recently received increasing attention potential options light potent effective properties. The present review describes underlying pathophysiological mechanisms associated with highlighting role neuroinflammation disturbances inneurotransmitter systems. It also discusses current evidence demonstrating effectiveness safety, especially case treatment‐resistant growing relevance for linked infections, depression. Although preliminary reports propose effectiveness, additional studies needed optimal treatment strategies, long‐term incorporation into practice. Addressing these challenges will be critical optimising ketamine‐ (S, R)‐ketamine‐containing therapeutic protocols treating infections.

Язык: Английский

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A penta-component mpox mRNA vaccine induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2024

The recent worldwide outbreaks of mpox prioritize the development a safe and effective mRNA vaccine. contemporary virus (MPXV) exhibits changing virological epidemiological features, notably affecting populations already vulnerable to human immunodeficiency (HIV). Herein, we profile immunogenicity AR-MPXV5, penta-component vaccine targeting five specific proteins (M1R, E8L, A29L, A35R, B6R) from representative MPXV clade II strain, in both naive simian (SIV)-infected nonhuman primates. Immunization with two doses AR-MPXV5 cynomolgus macaques effectively elicits antibody responses cellular responses. Importantly, based on challenge model demonstrates efficacy preventing skin lesions, eliminating viremia reducing viral loads multiple tissues after male animals. More importantly, is well-tolerated stable chronic SIV-infected rhesus monkeys, while eliciting comparable MPXV-specific humoral monkeys. Together, these results support further clinical Here, authors report safety vaccine, infected primates (NHPs), demonstrate protection naïve NHPs immunization AR-MPXV5.

Язык: Английский

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Structure-based drug designing for potential antiviral activity of selected natural product against Monkeypox (Mpox) virus and its host targets

VirusDisease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(4), С. 589 - 608

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Monkeypox: A risk factor for inflammatory diseases?

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127, С. 148 - 148

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A Penta-Component Mpox mRNA Vaccine Induced Protective Immunity in Naive and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Nonhuman Primates

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

The recent worldwide outbreaks of mpox (monkeypox) prioritize the development a safe and effective mRNA vaccine. contemporary virus (MPXV) showed changing virological epidemiological features, notably affecting populations already vulnerable to human immunodeficiency (HIV). Herein, we profiled immunogenicity protection AR-MPXV5, novel penta-component vaccine targeting five specific proteins (M1R, E8L, A29L, A35R, B6R) from representative MPXV clade II strain, in both naive simian (SIV)-infected nonhuman primates. Immunization with two doses AR-MPXV5 cynomolgus macaques resulted robust antibody responses cellular responses. Importantly, based on challenge model provided excellent preventing skin lesions, eliminating viremia reducing viral loads multiple tissues including testis after challenge, thereby obviating possibility secondary sexual transmission. More importantly, was well-tolerated stable chronic SIV-infected rhesus monkeys, comparable MPXV-specific humoral were elicited monkeys. Together, these results support further clinical

Язык: Английский

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Update on Monkeypox Virus Infection

Journal of Medicine and HealthCare, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 3

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

The World Health Organization declared the 2022 Monkeypox outbreak as a Public Emergency of International Concern, reflecting rapid spread infections in non-endemic countries. Since 2022, more than 95,000 confirmed cases with 185 deaths were reported at least 117 countries, most them Europe and USA. Gender-based studies documented preponderance men (96.8%). Most who have sex (MSM) suggesting sexual route main way transmission. Mpox infection is usually transmitted by close contact through body fluids, genital secretions. Exposure to infected respiratory droplets occurs after prolonged exposure. Indirect less frequent. Incubation period average 12 days. Prodromal symptoms are systemic nonspecific succeed lymphadenopathy. Eruptive rash changing from macules-papules-blisters-pustules scabs. Diagnosis based on clinical occurrence typical skin and/or mucosal lesions, symptoms, potential Mpox-infected individual. preferred diagnostic test real-time or conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Laboratory tests detection antigens antibodies not used due serological cross-reactivity other orthopoxviruses. world health authorities agree that smallpox vaccines protect against antigenic similarity between both viruses. New vaccine approved MVA-BN which contain an attenuated form vaccinia virus “Ankara” related virus. Antivirals treat infection, namely cidofovir, tecovirimat brincidofovir. Individual universal protective measures should be prevent viral infection.

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of the Monkeypox Virus [MPX]-Specific Immune Response in MPX-Cured Individuals Using Whole Blood to Monitor Memory Response

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 964 - 964

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2024

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), an Orthopoxvirus (OPXV). Since we are observing the first MPXV outbreak outside African continent, general population probably does not have pre-existing memory response for but may immunity against previous smallpox vaccine based on live replicating Vaccinia strain (VACV). Using whole blood platform, aim to study MPXV- T-cell-specific in Mpox-cured subjects.

Язык: Английский

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