Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance reveal local transmission dynamics of enteric fever in Shenzhen, one of the mega cities in China

Journal of Infection, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106469 - 106469

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Highlights•Multiple imports and exports of S. Typhi Paratyphi A strains exist in Shenzhen.•. Genomic clustering reveals silent outbreaks missed by epidemiological surveillance.•Antimicrobial resistance enteric fever pathogens is not severe Shenzhen.AbstractObjectivesOutbreak the spread antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella pose significant public health challenges low- middle-income countries. Understanding transmission dynamics these essential for developing effective control strategies.MethodsWe conducted phylogenomic analyses integrated data from 135 271 isolates collected Shenzhen 2001 to 2017. Phylogenetic temporal were performed identify prevalent genotypes assess patterns.ResultsAnalyses revealed high genetic diversity, with 3.2.1 (37.8%) 2.1.7 (20%) being most prevalent. Genotype formed an independent lineage due mutations quinolone determining region (QRDR). The multidrug-resistant haplotype 58 (genotype 4.3.1) has been present since 2006. predominantly genotype 2.3.3 (98.5%). Pathogen exchange occurred at least four other provinces. cutoff ≤3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was outbreak investigation, 22 genomic clusters found, suggesting undetected or events. While 80% susceptible first-line antibiotics, 16.9% multidrug-resistant.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into Shenzhen, underscoring need ongoing surveillance manage effectively.

Язык: Английский

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Current Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends and Clinical Outcomes of Typhoidal Salmonella in a Large Health Authority in British Columbia, Canada

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(4), С. 108 - 108

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Background: From 2018 to 2021, travel-related extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi was identified in Ontario, Canada. Opportunities remain characterize typhoidal antimicrobial susceptibility trends (including multi-drug resistance phenotypes; MDR) within a large health authority British Columbia, Methods: This retrospective study included patients with or Paratyphi A, B C bacteremia at Fraser Health regional microbiology laboratory from 2024. The primary outcome the proportion of cases MDR and XDR Salmonella. Secondary outcomes annual for ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ertapenem, meropenem azithromycin. Clinical hospitalization length, 30-day mortality, clinical cure infection relapse. Results: Among 271 patients, most were previously healthy recently travelled. There extended spectrum beta-lactamase (1.1%) (1.5%) Salmonella, no observed. In 2024, ciprofloxacin 96% while rates high other studied antimicrobials. Within 30 days, deaths reported; however, six (3%) had Conclusions: Currently, remains rare. Empiric should be avoided due persistently rates. With ongoing travel patterns, it is beneficial institutions continue surveillance, travelers seek pre-travel assessments.

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial genome structural variation: prevalence, mechanisms, and consequences

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

A vast number of bacterial genome sequences are publicly available. However, the majority were generated using short-read sequencing, producing fragmented assemblies. Long-read sequencing can generate closed assemblies, and they reveal that structure, order orientation genes on chromosome, is highly variable for many species. Growing evidence suggests structure a determinant genome-wide gene expression levels thus phenotype. We review this developing picture variation among bacteria, challenges study phenomenon, its impact adaptation evolution, including virulence infection.

Язык: Английский

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Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi disturbs autophagy to increase intracellular survival in macrophages

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 199, С. 107265 - 107265

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

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