The Role of Soils in Sustainability, Climate Change, and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities

Ecologies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(3), С. 552 - 567

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023

Soils are crucial life supporters and nutrient providers, their functionality impacted by nutritional balance, pH, organic matter content. These substrates help regulate water, support diverse organisms, play a critical role in carbon sequestration, especially the context of climate change. However, soils under threat from anthropogenic climatic pressures, warranting active resource management strategies. The European Union (EU) has acknowledged soil sustainability’s importance, encouraging eco-friendly agricultural practices enhanced storage. criticality is often overlooked when establishing global sustainable development goals. Counteracting degradation key battling desertification influenced factors like unsustainable agriculture, deforestation, poor irrigation. Innovative solutions circular economy approaches biomass utilization necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Also, improving dietary habits reducing food waste can mitigate environmental impact consumption, with shift towards plant-based proteins being more sustainable. Addressing these challenges will contribute resilient future.

Язык: Английский

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How does the climate change effect on hydropower potential, freshwater fisheries, and hydrological response of snow on water availability?

Applied Water Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Abstract Globally there is already a lot of pressure on water resources because climate change, economic development, as well an increasing global populace. Many rivers originate in the mountains, where snowfall fluctuations and climate’s inherent unpredictability affect hydrological processes. Climate change sensitivity has been recognized recent years would hydropower, such humidity, cloudiness, precipitation, that are considered; warming emerges one most important contributors to change. The Yangtze River supports rich biodiversity provides ecosystem services for human survival development. In addition, changes, particularly short-term long-term precipitation temperature fluctuations, influence snow regime development river flow response at basin sub-basin scales. More precise this review focused understand hydropower potential, freshwater fisheries, dynamics snow-dominated basins.

Язык: Английский

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Assessments of Drought Effects on Plant Production Using Satellite Remote Sensing Technology, GIS and Observed Climate Data in Northwest Morocco, Case of the Lower Sebou Basin

International Journal of Plant Production, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(2), С. 267 - 282

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Understanding future hydrologic challenges: Modelling the impact of climate change on river runoff in central Italy

Environmental Challenges, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15, С. 100899 - 100899

Опубликована: Март 24, 2024

Central Italy's diverse ecosystems and landscapes are susceptible to the Mediterranean climate change, affecting water resources riverine systems. Managing these is crucial for nation's sustainable development resilience. This research assesses potential long-term change impacts on river runoff in central highly regulated Aterno-Pescara River watershed. We simulate current future using Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+). Climate projections from 5 Global Models (GCMs) under two emissions scenarios used quantify drought characteristic changes SWAT+ investigate (2015 – 2100) runoff. All GCMs predicted increasing daily temperature (up 0.6 °C decade−1 at 95% confidence level) decreasing precipitation trends (-16.4 mm decade−1), resulting negative (-0.036 m3s−1 decade−1). Uncertainties exist regarding variable magnitudes among scenarios. Analyzing 12-month standardized indices data revealed a strong correlation between (Pearson coefficient ranges 0.63 - 0.93 GCMs). The run-sum technique both showed frequent, severe, prolonged droughts, with meteorological droughts possibly lasting up 105 months (severity 163) hydrological exceeding 100 over 150). study provides insights policymakers, emphasizing need strategies addressing sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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Ecological flow in southern Europe: Status and trends in non-perennial rivers

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 342, С. 118097 - 118097

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

The concept of environmental flows (E-Flows) describes the streamflow that is necessary to maintain river ecosystems. Although a large number methods have been developed, delay was recorded in implementing E-Flows non-perennial rivers. general aim paper analyse criticalities and current state implementation rivers southern Europe. specific objectives were (i) European Union (EU) national legislation on E-Flows, (ii) methodologies currently adopted for setting EU Member States (MSs) Mediterranean Region (Spain, Greece, Italy, Portugal, France, Cyprus, Malta). From analysis legislations, it possible acknowledge step forward toward regulatory unification at level, subject more generally protection aquatic definition most countries, has abandoned idea regime constant minimal flow, but recognizes importance biological, chemical-physical aspects connected it. through review case studies, one can surmise science still an emerging discipline. limited availability hydrological, hydraulic, biological data as well restricted economic resources allocated managing are main causes MSs. results present study may contribute E-Flow

Язык: Английский

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Setting an environmental flow regime under climate change in a data-limited Mediterranean basin with temporary river

Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 52, С. 101698 - 101698

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Catchment in Southern Italy. Mediterranean waterways are commonly non-perennial; they vulnerable to climate change (CC). Their management is particularly complex due limited data availability. This work aims develop a methodology for setting an Environmental Flow regime (E-Flows) temporary river (Locone, Italy) under availability and CC. As observed long-term time series of streamflow natural conditions were not available, the Soil Water Assessment Tool model (SWAT+) was applied simulate daily baseline period (1980–2010) future (2020–2050) based on projections, respectively. A specific workflow developed calibration focusing low flows. The hydrological characterized by means Indicators Hydrological Alteration (IHAs), whereas Range Variability Approach (RVA) define E-Flows. basin experiencing statistically significant increase air temperatures from 1971 2020, which also predicted continue future. Consequently, average annual monthly winter spring expected decrease. calibration, multi-objective evaluation, improved low-flow simulation. detected differences IHAs periods should be considered water when E-Flows rivers.

Язык: Английский

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Pulse, Shunt and Storage: Hydrological Contraction Shapes Processing and Export of Particulate Organic Matter in River Networks

Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26(4), С. 873 - 892

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2022

Abstract Streams and rivers act as landscape-scale bioreactors processing large quantities of terrestrial particulate organic matter (POM). This function is linked to their flow regime, which governs residence times, shapes reactivity controls the amount carbon (C) exported atmosphere coastal oceans. Climate change impacts regimes by increasing both flash floods droughts. Here, we used a modelling approach explore consequences lateral hydrological contraction, that is, reduction wet portion streambed, for POM decomposition transport at river network scale. Our model integrates seasonal leaf litter input generator POM, transient storage on dry streambed portions with associated ensuing changes in reactivity, dynamics through dendritic network. Simulations showed from its average increased due combination (1) low while stored streambeds, (2) shunting during flashy events. The sensitivity analysis further supported high contraction leads higher export regardless coefficient values, fresh differences between under conditions. study incorporates areas into pulse-shunt concept (Raymond others Ecology 97(1):5–16, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1684.1 ), providing mechanistic framework testable predictions about storage, fluvial networks.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrological simulation and prediction of soil erosion using the SWAT model in a mountainous watershed: a case study of Murat River Basin, Turkey

Journal of Hydroinformatics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(6), С. 1175 - 1193

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Abstract The Euphrates-Tigris basin in Turkey suffers from sedimentation and erosion problems. purpose of this study was to estimate streamflow, sediment yield, identification soil erosion-prone areas for the Murat River Basin which is headwater Euphrates River, with Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). model calibrated validated observed streamflow yield data obtained two gauging stations. statistical performance evaluated by using NSE, R2, PBIAS. NSE values were calculated as 0.57, 0.50 0.77, 0.75 stations E21A074 E21A077, respectively, monthly calibration validation periods. Monthly generated E21A077 0.54, 0.69 0.62, 0.35 periods, respectively. Spatial analysis indicates that 3.9% under very severe (>20 t/ha/y), 21.3% (>10 t/ha/y) conditions. Most occurs at barren land use sub-watersheds a slope greater than 25%. Overall, SWAT satisfactorily simulated identified sub-watershed scale water resource management.

Язык: Английский

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Recognizing Low-Inflow Estuaries as a Common Estuary Paradigm

Estuaries and Coasts, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 46(8), С. 1949 - 1970

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

Abstract It has become clear that estuaries with low rates of freshwater inflow are an important but overlooked sphere estuarine science. Low-inflow (LIEs) represent a major class estuary long downplayed because observations do not fit well in the dominant paradigm, which was developed perennially wet climates. Rather than being rare and unusual, it is now evident LIEs common globally alternate paradigm within idea as place where river meets sea. They found mostly areas arid, semi-arid, or seasonally arid climates, LIE phenomena also along mountainous coasts small watersheds short-tailed hydrographs. Inflows can be defined “low” relative to basin volume, tidal mixing, evaporative losses, wave forcing at mouth. The focus here on physical emerge low-inflow estuaries—how flow expressed estuaries. most hypersalinity (and associated potential for inverse conditions), develops there net negative water balance. However, microtidal estuaries, results mouth closure even positive balance may persist, accounting extreme stratification. Attention given longitudinal density gradient occurrence thermal Finally, ocean-driven highlighted marine subsidies (nutrients, particulates) dominate watershed subsidies. While climate change altering locally driven changes generally more this presents opportunity restore through restoring hydrology.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrology and hydrological extremes under climate change scenarios in the Bosque watershed, North-Central Texas, USA

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(28), С. 40636 - 40654

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

This study evaluates hydrology and hydrological extremes under future climate change scenarios. The scenarios were developed from multiple Global Circulation Models (GCMs), Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, statistical downscaling techniques. To ensure model robustness, the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was calibrated validated using Differential Split Sample Test (DSST) approach. also at multi-gauges of watershed. Future revealed a reduction in precipitation (in order -9.1% to 4.9%) consistent increase maximum temperature (0.34°C 4.10°C) minimum (-0.15 °C 3.7°C) different simulations. triggered surface runoff streamflow moderate evapotranspiration. projected decrease high flow (Q5) low (Q95). A higher Q5 annual is simulated whereas an RCP8.5 emission scenario. suggests optimal water management structures which can reduce effect flows.

Язык: Английский

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