Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2020
Nitrification
is
a
key
process
for
N-removal
in
engineered
and
natural
environments,
but
recent
findings
of
novel
nitrifying
microorganisms
with
surprising
features
revealed
that
our
knowledge
this
functional
guild
still
incomplete.
Especially
nitrite
oxidation
–
the
second
step
nitrification
catalyzed
by
phylogenetically
diverse
bacterial
group,
only
recently
bacteria
phylum
Chloroflexi
have
been
identified
as
thermophilic
nitrite-oxidizing
(NOB).
Among
these,
Nitrolancea
hollandica
was
isolated
from
laboratory-scale
bioreactor
operated
at
35°C
high
load
ammonium
bicarbonate.
However,
its
distribution
remains
cryptic
very
few
closely
related
environmental
16S
rRNA
gene
sequences
retrieved
so
far.
In
study,
we
demonstrate
how
such
NOB
can
be
enriched
using
modified
mineral
media
inoculated
samples
wastewater
side-stream
reactor
39.5°C.
Distinct
cultivation
conditions
resulted
quick
reproducible
enrichment
two
different
strains
Nitrolancea,
to
Nl.
hollandica.
The
same
approach
applied
complex
pre-enrichment
42°C
biomass
geothermal
spring
Copahue
volcano
area
Neuquen,
Argentina.
Here,
an
additional
distinct
representative
genus
obtained.
This
species
had
oxidoreductase
alpha
subunit
(nxrA)
sequence
identities
98.5%
97.2%,
respectively.
A
genomic
average
nucleotide
identity
between
Argentinian
strain
91.9%
indicates
it
indeed
represents
species.
All
cultures
formed
lancet-shaped
cells
identical
similar
physiological
features,
including
capability
grow
concentrations.
Growth
optimal
temperatures
35
-
37°C
strongly
enhanced
supplementation.
Genomic
comparisons
four
share
2399
out
3387
orthologous
clusters
encode
functions.
Our
results
define
general
growth
enable
selective
artificial
environments.
most
habitats
these
apparently
are
low
abundance
their
proliferation
depends
on
balanced
presence
ammonium,
incubation
temperature
37°C.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(34), С. 12557 - 12570
Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023
Microbial
nitrite
oxidation
is
the
primary
pathway
that
generates
nitrate
in
wastewater
treatment
systems
and
can
be
performed
by
a
variety
of
microbes:
namely,
nitrite-oxidizing
bacteria
(NOB).
Since
NOB
were
first
isolated
130
years
ago,
understanding
phylogenetical
physiological
diversities
has
been
gradually
deepened.
In
recent
endeavors
advanced
biological
nitrogen
removal,
have
more
considered
as
troublesome
disruptor,
strategies
on
suppression
often
fail
practice
after
long-term
operation
due
to
growth
specific
are
able
adapt
even
harsh
conditions.
line
with
review
history
currently
known
genera,
phylogenetic
tree
constructed
exhibit
wide
range
different
phyla.
addition,
behavior
metabolic
performance
strains
summarized.
These
features
various
(e.g.,
high
oxygen
affinity
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(51), С. 21503 - 21526
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023
Innovation
in
decarbonizing
wastewater
treatment
is
urgent
response
to
global
climate
change.
The
practical
implementation
of
anaerobic
ammonium
oxidation
(anammox)
treating
domestic
the
key
reconciling
carbon-neutral
management
with
sustainable
development.
Nitrite
availability
prerequisite
anammox
reaction,
but
how
achieve
robust
nitrite
supply
and
accumulation
for
mainstream
systems
remains
elusive.
This
work
presents
a
state-of-the-art
review
on
recent
advances
anammox,
paying
special
attention
available
pathways
(forward-going
(from
nitrite)
backward-going
nitrate
nitrite)),
controlling
strategies,
physiological
ecological
characteristics
functional
microorganisms
involved
supply.
First,
we
comprehensively
assessed
nitrite-oxidizing
bacteria
control
methods,
outlining
that
these
technologies
are
transitioning
possessing
multiple
selective
pressures
(such
as
intermittent
aeration
membrane-aerated
biological
reactor),
integrating
side
stream
free
ammonia/free
nitrous
acid
suppression
recirculated
sludge
treatment),
maintaining
high
activity
ammonia-oxidizing
competing
oxygen
bacteria.
We
then
highlight
emerging
strategies
supply,
including
production
driven
by
novel
microbes
(ammonia-oxidizing
archaea
complete
ammonia
bacteria)
reduction
(partial
denitrification
nitrate-dependent
methane
oxidation).
resources
requirement
different
analyzed,
hybrid
pathway
combining
partial
nitrification
encouraged.
Moreover,
data-driven
modeling
process
well
proactive
microbiome
proposed
hope
achieving
application.
Finally,
existing
challenges
further
perspectives
highlighted,
i.e.,
investigation
nitrite-supplying
bacteria,
scaling-up
from
laboratory
under
real
conditions,
stable
performance
fundamental
insights
this
aim
inspire
advance
our
understanding
about
provide
robustly
shed
light
important
obstacles
warranting
settlement.
