Metformin: update on mechanisms of action and repurposing potential

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(8), С. 460 - 476

Опубликована: Май 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Metformin: Is it a drug for all reasons and diseases?

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 133, С. 155223 - 155223

Опубликована: Май 29, 2022

Metformin was first used to treat type 2 diabetes in the late 1950s and 2022 remains first-choice drug daily by approximately 150 million people. An accumulation of positive pre-clinical clinical data has stimulated interest re-purposing metformin a variety diseases including COVID-19. In polycystic ovary syndrome improves insulin sensitivity. 1 may help reduce dose. Meta-analysis from studies link reduction incidence cancer. Clinical trials, MILES (Metformin Longevity Study), TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin), have been designed determine if can offset aging extend lifespan. Pre-clinical suggest that metformin, via suppression pro-inflammatory pathways, protection mitochondria vascular function, direct actions on neuronal stem cells, protect against neurodegenerative diseases. also studied for its anti-bacterial, -viral, -malaria efficacy. Collectively, these raise question: Is all diseases? It unclear as whether putative beneficial effects are secondary an anti-hyperglycemic insulin-sensitizing drug, or result other cellular actions, inhibition mTOR (mammalian target rapamycin), anti-viral actions. Clarification is sought ex vivo based use high concentrations be translated into benefits, they reflect 'Paracelsus' effect. The environmental impact no known metabolites, another emerging issue linked endocrine disruption fish, extensive T2D raised concerns over human reproduction. objectives this review to: 1) evaluate mechanism(s) action metformin; 2) analyze controversial evidence metformin's effectiveness treatment than diabetes; 3) assess reproducibility data, finally 4) reach informed conclusion reasons. We conclude primary benefits antihyperglycaemic secondarily contribute reduced risk number thereby enhancing healthspan. However, like improving endothelial function independent glucose homeostasis add therapeutic

Язык: Английский

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Human health and ecological risk assessment of 98 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) detected in Indian surface and wastewaters

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 807, С. 150677 - 150677

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondria as an important target of metformin: The mechanism of action, toxic and side effects, and new therapeutic applications

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 177, С. 106114 - 106114

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Metformin as an emerging concern in wastewater: Occurrence, analysis and treatment methods

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 213, С. 113613 - 113613

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Metformin Contamination in Global Waters: Biotic and Abiotic Transformation, Byproduct Generation and Toxicity, and Evaluation as a Pharmaceutical Indicator

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(19), С. 13528 - 13545

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Metformin is the first-line antidiabetic drug and one of most prescribed medications worldwide. Because its ubiquitous occurrence in global waters demonstrated ecotoxicity, metformin, as with other pharmaceuticals, has become a concerning emerging contaminant. subject to transformation, producing numerous problematic transformation byproducts (TPs). The occurrence, removal, toxicity metformin have been continually reviewed; yet, comprehensive analysis pathways, byproduct generation, associated change adverse effects lacking. In this review, we provide critical overview fate during water treatments natural processes compile 32 organic TPs generated from biotic abiotic pathways. These occur aquatic systems worldwide along metformin. Enhanced several compared through organism tests necessitates development complete mineralization techniques for more attention on TP monitoring. We also assess potential indicate overall contamination pharmaceuticals environments, previously acknowledged ones, found be robust or comparable indicator such pharmaceutical contamination. addition, insightful avenues future research

Язык: Английский

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Occurrence of persistent and mobile chemicals and other contaminants of emerging concern in Spanish and Portuguese wastewater treatment plants, transnational river basins and coastal water

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 885, С. 163737 - 163737

Опубликована: Май 3, 2023

This work investigated, during one year, the occurrence and fate of 52 contaminants emerging concern (CECs) in transnational river basins coastal areas North Portugal Galicia (NW Spain) wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging on these environments. The different CECs investigated included pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial chemicals, among others, which ca. 90 % would fulfill persistence, mobility toxicity criteria proposed by German Environmental Agency. results showed ubiquitous presence an incomplete removal over 60 them with current conventional WWTPs. These findings highlight requirement a prominent coordinated upgrade WWTP treatments order to meet future European Union regulations urban surface water quality. In fact, even some compounds exhibiting high removals, such as caffeine or xylene sulfonate, were frequently detected estuarine waters at ng L-1 level. Thus, our preliminary risk assessment study concluded that 18 presented potential for environment, being caffeine, sulpiride, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), diclofenac, fipronil perfluorobutanoic (PFBA) most concerning ones. Yet, additional data well more robust information persistence are necessary better estimating magnitude problem improve assessment. As example, case antidiabetic metformin, recent research has revealed model fish species concentration levels below those found 40 samples analyzed this work.

Язык: Английский

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Chitosan/metal organic frameworks for environmental, energy, and bio-medical applications: a review

Materials Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(23), С. 5920 - 5947

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Chitosan/metal–organic frameworks (CS/MOFs) are versatile materials fabricated by conjugating the chitosan (CS) material with metal–organic (MOFs). The CS/MOFs exhibit diverse applications in biomedical, energy and environmental due to higher porosity surface area.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances of Clay/polymer-based nanomaterials for the treatment of environmental contaminants in wastewater: A review

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3), С. 112401 - 112401

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Natural zeolite as adsorbent for metformin removal from aqueous solutions: Adsorption and regeneration properties

Desalination and Water Treatment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 320, С. 100602 - 100602

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Drugs are being registered in water resources around the world, becoming a palpable environmental problem by altering natural characteristics of and, consequently, environment living organisms. Many techniques can be used to remove drugs present contaminated waters, among them stands out adsorption process. In this work, metformin, an antidiabetic drug, using commercial zeolite as adsorbent was investigated. The material characterized Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fluorescence (XRF), N2 adsorption/desorption analysis and zeta potential. efficiency metformin removal evaluated under different pH conditions ratios. most favorable for were obtained 1 g/L 7.0. pseudo-second order had better correlation with experimental kinetic data, equilibrium after 6 h, reaching 76 % capacity 6.8 mg/g. Langmuir isotherm described well maximum 109 mg/g 25 °C 35 °C, 130 45 °C. Gibbs free energy all temperatures studied less than zero, which indicates spontaneous process on surface. NaOH solution showed highest regeneration efficiency, approximately 36 desorption h. It possible reuse three consecutive cycles adsorption/desorption. Afterward, there sudden decrease collapsing effect

Язык: Английский

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