Socio-demographic determinants of dietary choices and their impact on health in Spanish adults

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Background Although Spain has traditionally followed the Mediterranean diet, in recent years, changes have become noticeable food preferences of population. These include adopting new diets and dietary trends, such as plant-based diets, intermittent fasting raw diets. choices are influenced by cultural, social socio-demographic factors, their impact on health should be studied detail. Aim The objectives this research are: (1) to study prevalence different patterns among Spanish population, (2) explore dependence choice (3) investigate relationship between habits lifestyle population how it affects health. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional was carried out Using a questionnaire constructed validated team, data were collected nutritional, targeted explored. Results valid sample 22,181 people which 17,573 (79.2%) claimed follow pattern, 1,425 (6.4%) 365 (1.6%) vegans, 1,018 (4.6%) practiced fasting, 252 (1.1%) diet 1,548 (7%) other types show that younger (18–25 years old) tend adopt more often than older women type men. On hand, men seem practice frequently. higher tendency found living villages those cities. Moreover, some trends regions Spain, with greater adherence Catalonia, while is common Region Murcia. Finally, results indicate individuals who pay attention experiment various generally health-conscious. This reflected adoption healthier behaviors, exercising reducing intake alcohol sugary drinks.

Язык: Английский

---

Novel perspectives on the link between obesity and cancer risk: from mechanisms to clinical implications

Frontiers of Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(6), С. 945 - 968

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Macro and micro elements in traditional meals of Mediterranean diet: Determination, estimated intake by population, risk assessment and chemometric analysis

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 123, С. 105541 - 105541

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

The aim of the study was to estimate dietary exposure main macro and micro elements from meals typically consumed by Mediterranean population, in particular Sicilian samples prepared cooked prior analysis. A total 57 typical were analysed for 4 elements: Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) 13 Aluminium (Al), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) Vanadium (V) inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry atomic absorption spectrometry. concentration quantified directly on food using DMA-80 (Direct Analysis). Daily Estimated Element Intake calculated essential element assessment health risk associated with intake investigated performed. In particular, supply 3.7 62% sodium, 0.05–19% potassium, 0.1-3.2% calcium, 1.6-16% magnesium, 2.1-37% iron, 0.7-48% zinc 0.98-339% chromium. some foods are lacking all macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg). quantity taken a single portion 100 grams several food, compared recommended quantities, is low, but it should be considered that average one day (breakfast, lunch dinner), undoubtedly, inhabitants area consume much higher quantities 500-1000 grams, therefore, this confirmation populations concerned, low probability nutritional or risks due consumption foods, indeed, has not shown assessments heavy metals.

Язык: Английский

---

Dopamine in the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis, Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes, and Chronic Conditions of Impaired Dopamine Activity/Metabolism: Implication for Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Purposes

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(11), С. 2993 - 2993

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2023

Dopamine regulates several functions, such as voluntary movements, spatial memory, motivation, sleep, arousal, feeding, immune function, maternal behaviors, and lactation. Less clear is the role of dopamine in pathophysiology type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) chronic complications conditions frequently associated with it. This review summarizes recent evidence on regulating insular metabolism activity, traditional T2D, pathophysiological interconnection between T2D neurological psychiatric disorders characterized by impaired activity/metabolism, therapeutic implications. Reinforcing signaling especially patients dopamine-related disorders, Parkinson’s Huntington’s diseases, addictions, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. On other hand, although specific trials are probably needed, certain medications approved for (e.g., metformin, pioglitazone, incretin-based therapy, gliflozins) may have a due to anti-inflammatory anti-oxidative effects, improvement insulin signaling, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, apoptosis, restoration striatal synthesis, modulation reward hedonic eating. Last, targeting could potential diagnostic purposes diabetes-related complications, diabetic retinopathy.

Язык: Английский

---

Metabolic Syndrome and Biotherapeutic Activity of Dairy (Cow and Buffalo) Milk Proteins and Peptides: Fast Food-Induced Obesity Perspective—A Narrative Review

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 478 - 478

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined by the outcome of interconnected metabolic factors that directly increase prevalence obesity and other diseases. Currently, considered one most relevant topics discussion because an epidemic heave incidence in both developing underdeveloped countries has been reached. According to World Obesity Atlas 2023 report, 38% world population are presently either obese or overweight. One causes imbalance energy intake expenditure, where nutritional due consumption high-calorie fast foods play a pivotal role. The dynamic interactions among different risk highly complex; however, underpinnings hyperglycemia dyslipidemia for recognized. Fast foods, primarily composed soluble carbohydrates, non-nutritive artificial sweeteners, saturated fats, complexes macronutrients (protein-carbohydrate, starch-lipid, starch-lipid-protein) provide high calories. Several experimental studies have pointed out dairy proteins peptides may modulate activities obesity. To justify results precisely, from milk were synthesized under vitro conditions their contributions biomarkers assessed. Comprehensive information about impact milks on food-induced presented this narrative review article.

Язык: Английский

---

Re-Assessing the Role of Platelet Activating Factor and Its Inflammatory Signaling and Inhibitors in Cancer and Anti-Cancer Strategies

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(10)

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024

Since 2000s, we have outlined the multifaceted role of inflammation in several aspects cancer, via specific inflammatory mediators, including platelet activating factor (PAF) and PAF-receptor (PAFR) related signaling, which affect important junctions cellular interactions that are associated with tumor-related manifestations. It is now well established disease-related unresolved chronic responses can promote carcinogenesis. At same time, tumors themselves able to their progression metastasis, by triggering an inflammation-related vicious cycle, PAF its signaling play crucial role(s), usually conclude tumor growth angiogenesis. In parallel, new evidence suggests also interact cancer treatments inducing antitumor immune response or, conversely, promoting recurrence. Within this review article, current knowledge future perspectives implication all these thoroughly re-assessed. The potential beneficial PAF-inhibitors natural or synthetic modulators PAF-metabolism against tumors, metastasis evaluated. Emphasis given molecules dual anti-PAF anti-cancer activities (Bio-DAPAC-tives), proven potency through clinical trials, as on metal-based anti-inflammatory mediators constitute a class potent inhibitors. way compounds may anti-tumor effects modulate actions discussed. Limitations targeting PAF, metabolism receptor, PAF-related part(s) strategies involve response(s) for improved outcome,

Язык: Английский

---

Mediterranean Food Pattern Adherence in a Female-Dominated Sample of Health and Social Sciences University Students: Analysis from a Perspective of Sustainability

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(22), С. 3886 - 3886

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Background/Objectives: The goal of this pilot study is to evaluate adherence the Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP) in a self-selected sample university students, addressing perspective food sustainability. In addition, it seeks relate MFP with sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional status. Methods: This cross-sectional whose data collection was carried out by an online questionnaire between January April 2023. Results: Two hundred forty-eight students participated—most them were female (78.2%), had median 22 (20; 30) years, resided central region Portugal (42.3%), pursuing degree (73.4%) public higher education institution (66.5%). prevalence overweight (overweight obesity) found 33.1%. Females predominantly used olive oil as their main source fat (95.9%, p = 0.009) consumption sugary drinks (81.4%, 0.004) compared males, who reported usage rates 85.2% 63.0%, score Diet Adherence Screener 7 points, presented interquartile range (Q1: 6, Q3: 8), indicating moderate adherence. analysis showed no differences sexes (p 0.087). There also negative correlation body mass index 0.007; r −0.171). associated area course attended, health-related fields showing Conclusions: These findings underscore necessity for targeted interventions aimed at promoting among which could contribute improved health outcomes enhanced environmental

Язык: Английский

---

Reference dietary patterns in Portugal: Mediterranean diet vs Atlantic diet

Open Agriculture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Portugal is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean to west and Mediterranean Sea south. Thus, dietary patterns in include both diet (MD) (AD). This review examines characteristics of diets, highlighting their commonalities unique features. descriptive literature analyses scientific articles on MD AD. It addresses health effects diets based published evidence. includes a 15 studies specifically focused Portuguese population. Most were conducted with younger people (children or adolescents) older people, some made patients suffering from specific pathology, like heart disease, AIDS, macular degeneration. Both emphasize natural, local, seasonal foods prepared using traditional methods. They consist rich macronutrients, micronutrients, bioactive compounds that offer benefits. AD are recommended as healthy associated physical activity fundamental elements lifestyle promoting general well-being. While have been extensively studied, remains under-researched.

Язык: Английский

---

Effect of Mediterranean Diet in Combination with Isokinetic Exercise Therapy on Body Composition and Cytokine Profile in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 256 - 256

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a combination of comorbidities that increase pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) production, with subsequent body composition (BC) abnormalities and high cardiovascular risk. Treatment diet exercise has been suggested as possible non-pharmacological adjuvant treatment. Objective: To determine changes in BC PIC patients MS after Mediterranean-type (MedDiet) and/or isokinetic (IE). Methods: A controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted at third-level hospital Mexico City. Intervention groups: G1: MedDiet + IE; G2: G3: MedDiet; G4: control. Anthropometry, BC, were collected from the baseline 12 weeks post-intervention. estimated 24-h recall record. IE consisted standard high-intensity anaerobic program. Results: Forty-two aged 18–65 years old included. The most frequent obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia. After 6 months intervention, significant reduction resistin observed within group IE, whereas former also showed an adiponectin. Interventions decrease IL-10. Regarding all groups increased resistance values relation to but lower than control group. Conclusions: results suggest have selective impact on mediators, while may induce only minor BC.

Язык: Английский

---

Explanatory AI Predicts the Diet Adopted Based on Nutritional and Lifestyle Habits in the Spanish Population

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 11 - 11

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

This study used Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to examine dietary and lifestyle habits in the Spanish population identify key diet predictors. A cross-sectional design was used, employing validated NutSo-HH scale gather data on nutrition, lifestyle, socio-demographic factors. The CatBoost method combined SHAP applied. sample included 22,181 adults: 17,573 followed Mediterranean diet, 1425 were vegetarians, 365 vegans, 1018 practiced intermittent fasting. Fish consumption strongest indicator, vegans abstaining some vegetarians consuming it occasionally. Age influenced diet: younger individuals preferred vegan/vegetarian diets, while older adults adhered diet. Vegans consumed less junk food, fasters more physically active. model effectively predicts but struggles others due imbalance, highlighting need for larger studies plant-based fasting diets.

Язык: Английский

---