Erosion of heterogeneous rock drives diversification of Appalachian fishes

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 380(6647), С. 855 - 859

Опубликована: Май 25, 2023

The high levels of biodiversity supported by mountains suggest a possible link between geologic processes and biological evolution. Freshwater is not only in tectonically active settings but also quiescent montane regions such as the Appalachian Mountains. We show that erosion through different rock types drove allopatric divergence lineages Greenfin Darter (Nothonotus chlorobranchius), fish species endemic to rivers draining metamorphic rocks Tennessee River basin United States. In past, preferred N. chlorobranchius was more widespread, exposed other types, this were progressively isolated tributaries farther upstream, where remained. Our results mechanism for initiating diversification long after tectonic activity ceases.

Язык: Английский

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Rapidly changing speciation and extinction rates can be inferred in spite of nonidentifiability

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(7)

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

The birth-death model is commonly used to infer speciation and extinction rates by fitting the phylogenetic trees with exclusively extant taxa. Recently, it was demonstrated that are not identifiable if allowed vary freely over time. group of models have same likelihood called a congruence class, there no statistical evidence favor one other. This issue has led researchers question what patterns can reliably be inferred from phylogenies only taxa whether time-variable should fitted at all. We explore class in context several empirical as well hypothetical scenarios. For these phylogenies, we assume true class. Thus, our conclusions apply any phylogeny for which robustly When summarize shared show strong directional trends among most models. Therefore, conclude inference robust. Conversely, estimates constant or gentle slopes robust must treated caution. Interestingly, space valid narrower more limited contrast rates, less constrained. These results provide further insights estimated than rates.

Язык: Английский

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Cenozoic history of the tropical marine biodiversity hotspot

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 632(8024), С. 343 - 349

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

The region with the highest marine biodiversity on our planet is known as Coral Triangle or Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA)

Язык: Английский

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Neogene History of the Amazonian Flora: A Perspective Based on Geological, Palynological, and Molecular Phylogenetic Data

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 51(1), С. 419 - 446

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

The Amazon hosts one of the largest and richest rainforests in world, but its origins remain debated. Growing evidence suggests that geodiversity geological history played essential roles shaping Amazonian flora. Here we summarize geo-climatic review paleopalynological records time-calibrated phylogenies to evaluate response plants environmental change. Neogene fossil record major sequential changes plant composition an overall decline diversity. Phylogenies eight clades paint a mixed picture, with diversification most groups best explained by constant speciation rates through time, while others indicate clade-specific increases or decreases correlated climatic cooling increasing Andean elevation. Overall, forest seems represent museum diversity high potential for biological time. To fully understand how got modern biodiversity, further multidisciplinary studies conducted within multimillion-year perspective are needed. ▪The rainforest goes back beginning Cenozoic (66 Ma) was driven climate forces.▪In early (23–13.8 Ma), large wetland developed episodic estuarine conditions vegetation ranging from mangroves terra firme forest.▪In late (13.8–2.6 changed into fluvial landscape less diverse more open forest, although details this transition be resolved.▪These have left imprints on can recovered dated phylogenetic trees.▪Amazonian show distinct responses changes, suggesting Amazonia is both refuge cradle biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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There and back again: when and how the world's richest snake family (Dipsadidae) dispersed and speciated across the Neotropical region

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(5), С. 878 - 893

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Abstract Aim The widespread megadiverse Neotropical snake family Dipsadidae occurs in a large range of diverse habitats. Therefore, it represents an excellent model to study the diversification biota. Herein, by generating time‐calibrated species‐level phylogeny, we investigate origin and historical biogeography test if its two main subfamilies, Xenodontinae Dipsadinae, have different geographical origins. Location region. Taxon (Serpentes). Methods We generated new Bayesian phylogeny based on published sequences from six genes for 344 species, including 287 species Dipsadidae. subsequently estimated ancestral areas distribution comparing models BioGeoBEARS: DEC (subset sympatry, narrow vicariance), DIVALIKE (narrow wide BAYAREALIKE (no vicariance sympatry), also testing jump dispersal. shifts this group using BAMM, exploring possible relationships with biogeography. Results best show that likely originated approximately 50 million years ago (mya) Asia. Dispersal was fundamental process dispersal indicated underwent extension Asia posterior North Central America ancestors. Both Dipsadinae dispersed South during Middle Eocene, but did so regions (cis trans‐Andean America, respectively). entered cis‐Andean around 39 mya West Indies 33 mya, while multiple times 20–38 mya. rate decreased through time, except clade within composed Dipsadini tribe Atractus Geophis genera. Main Conclusions Our results has Asian subfamilies later dispersing time periods. This difference is reflected higher ‘goo‐eaters’ subfamily. current biogeographical patterns Dipsadidae, most species‐rich world, been shaped complex evolutionary geological processes such as Eocene land bridges, Andean uplift formation Panama isthmus.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic differentiation, demographic history and distribution models of high alpine endemic vicariants outline the response of species to predicted climate changes in a Central Asian biodiversity hotspot

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 144, С. 109419 - 109419

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Understanding species distribution, genetic diversification and evolutionary history is extremely important for mountainous regions with a high diversity of endemic species, which are particularly sensitive to climate change. In this study, we use environmental molecular data obtained from genome-wide analyses infer the variability, demographic processes, response cold-adapted, geographical-vicariants Stipa gracilis (distributed in Tian Shan Mts) S. zeravshanica western Pamir-Alai Quaternary climatic oscillations Central Asian mountain biodiversity hotspot. Genomic-based reconstructions indicate that examined endemics presented larger effective population sizes during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period experienced parallel declines afterward. The results fastSTRUCTURE analysis revealed three clusters within populations two zeravshanica. past distribution models reveals glacial connectivity both resulting detection an admixture genes specimens westernmost 'Alaian' gracilis. Although occurrence closely associated calcareous rocks, differences ranges distributions depend mostly on factors, especially temperature precipitation. wider realized ecological niche allows it better adapt global warming potentially extend its range future, while zeravshanica, narrower niche, more susceptible changes at risk extinction. findings will contribute understanding factors shaping differentiation provide theoretical basis their conservation by identifying areas change hotspots.

Язык: Английский

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Diversity, diversification and distribution of Iranian vertebrates: the legacy of mountains uplifting, past climatic oscillations, sea level fluctuations and geographical barriers

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(1), С. 7 - 36

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of the artiodactyl turnover in insular western Europe at the Eocene–Oligocene Transition

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(52)

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2023

Simultaneously investigating the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on diversity dynamics is essential to understand evolutionary history clades. The Grande Coupure corresponds a major faunal turnover at Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) (~34.1 33.55 Mya) defined in western Europe as an extinction insular European mammals coupled with arrival crown clades from Asia. Here, we focused species-rich group endemic artiodactyls determine drivers during environmental disruptions EOT. Using Bayesian birth–death models, analyzed original high-resolution fossil dataset (90 species, >2,100 occurrences) southwestern France (Quercy area) estimated regional diversification immigrant artiodactyls. We show that artiodactyl radiation was mainly related Eocene tropical conditions, combined controls speciation clade-related dependence. further highlight changes (77% species became extinct) concurrent increase seasonality Oligocene were likely main their decline. Surprisingly, our results do not support widely-held hypothesis active competition between but rather suggest passive or opportunistic replacement by immigrants, which supported morphological clustering specific ecological traits across Eocene-Oligocene transition. Our analyses provide insights into processes driving decline mammalian biological climatic crisis.

Язык: Английский

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Relicts in the mist: Two new frog families, genera and species highlight the role of Pantepui as a biodiversity museum throughout the Cenozoic

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 191, С. 107971 - 107971

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Chromosomal evolution, environmental heterogeneity, and migration drive spatial patterns of species richness in Calochortus (Liliaceae)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(10)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

We used nuclear genomic data and statistical models to evaluate the ecological evolutionary processes shaping spatial variation in species richness Calochortus (Liliaceae, 74 spp.). occupies diverse habitats western United States Mexico has a center of diversity California Floristic Province, marked by multiple orogenies, winter rainfall, highly divergent climates substrates (including serpentine). sequences 294 low-copy loci produce time-calibrated phylogeny, estimate historical biogeography, test hypotheses regarding drivers present-day patterns number. Speciation coexistence require reproductive isolation divergence, so we examined roles chromosome number, environmental heterogeneity, migration local richness. Six major clades—inhabiting different geographic/climatic areas, often base numbers (n = 6 10)—began diverging from each other ~10.3 Mya. As predicted, number increased significantly with heterogeneity elevation, soil characteristics, serpentine presence. Species is greatest Transverse/Peninsular Ranges where clades overlap, topographic complexity provides conditions over short distances, several physiographic provinces meet allowing immigration clades. Recently diverged sister-species pairs generally have peri-patric distributions, maximum geographic overlap between increases first million years since suggesting that chromosomal evolution, genetic divergence leading gametic or hybrid inviability/sterility, and/or small scales may permit co-occurrence.

Язык: Английский

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