Escarpment evolution drives the diversification of the Madagascar flora

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 383(6683), С. 653 - 658

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Madagascar exhibits high endemic biodiversity that has evolved with sustained and stable rates of speciation over the past several tens millions years. The topography is dominated by a mountainous continental rift escarpment, highest plant diversity rarity found along steep, eastern side this geographic feature. Using process-explicit model, we show precipitation-driven erosion landward retreat high-relief creates transient habitat organization through multiple mechanisms, including catchment expansion, isolation highland remnants, formation topographic barriers. Habitat reconnection on million-year timescale serves as an allopatric pump creating observed biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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Drainage divide migration and implications for climate and biodiversity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(3), С. 177 - 192

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Solute flow and particle transport in aquatic ecosystems: A review on the effect of emergent and rigid vegetation

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21, С. 100429 - 100429

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

In-channel vegetation is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and plays a critical role the fate transport of solutes particles ecosystems. Recent studies have advanced our understanding solute flow particle This review summarizes these papers discusses impacts emergent rigid on surface flow, advection dispersion solutes, suspended load transport, bedload hyporheic exchange. The two competing effects above processes are discussed. On one hand, reduces mean velocity at same slope, which mass transport. other velocity, generates turbulence, enhances Mechanistic predictive equations derived from laboratory experiments Predictive for turbulent kinetic energy inside an canopy based force balance. advection-dispersion process, exchange summarized. vegetation-related factors, such as morphology, submergence, flexibility, briefly transporting particles, micro- macro-plastics, also Finally, suggestions future research directions proposed to advance dynamic interplays among natural vegetation, dynamics, sedimentary processes.

Язык: Английский

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The Bretskyan hierarchy, multiscale allopatry, and geobiomes—on the nature of evolutionary things

Paleobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(2), С. 194 - 213

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract The process of evolution and the structures it produces are best understood in light hierarchy theory. biota traditionally is described by either genealogical Linnaean or economic hierarchies communities ecosystems. Here we describe Bretskyan hierarchy—a hybrid eco-genealogical that consists nested sets different-sized, usually polyphyletic interacting individuals separated from other such space time at multiple scales. elements have both properties functions—situated between, connecting of, (Vernadskyan) (Linnaean) hierarchy. lower tiers populated holobionts, composed lineages integrated functional interactions biotically fabricated structures, as membranes. At larger spatial longer scales, members a more diffuse nature, partially due to small size relatively short duration us observers longer-lasting here geobiomes. Their individuality externally forced directly tied temporal physical our planet. These sub-bioprovinces bioprovinces—large effectively isolated spatiotemporal internally coevolution individuated barriers. Gaia largest individual compartmentalized outer Earth long scales biotic plate tectonic mixing biota. existence barriers multilevel allopatry suggests geographic isolation takes part not only individuating species lineages, but also producing coherent complexes separate forming bioprovinces sizes, configurations, durations units geodynamics, demonstrating central role planet processes individuation merging geobiomes control coevolution, all its ramifications, allows integration previously unconnected themes—“egalitarian” major transitions (e.g., eukaryogenesis) some megatrajectories history life—into single theoretical framework scaling eco-genealogy. pervasive geodynamical direct connection geodynamics dynamics formulate conjectures on limits contingency competitiveness biotas evolution.

Язык: Английский

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Drainage rearrangement in an intra-continental mountain belt: A case study from the central South Tian Shan, Kyrgyzstan

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

Abstract. Fluvial drainage patterns in orogenic belts reflect the interaction between tectonics, climate, and lithology. The central South Tian Shan displays a complex fluvial pattern that shifts from longitudinal (flowing parallel to mountain ranges) west transverse across east. Whether such underlying of tectonic deformation, lithology, climatic changes, or influence surface processes within basin is often unclear. We focus here on anomalously large Saryjaz catchment SE Kyrgyzstan, which marks transition drainage. analyse topographic metrics including slope, river steepness (ksn) integral proxy χ along profile, map spatial distribution characteristics knickpoints discern possible controls observed pattern. discriminate different origin: tectonic, lithologic, glacial, those linked transient waves incision. find series tributaries downstream sharp 180ᵒ bend main stem River, also striking increase channel steepness. Both observations indicate accelerated incision this lower reach catchment. Knickpoint elevations decrease downstream, whereas depth, values (measured tributary junctions) ksn ratios are constant among tributaries. These results suggest driven “top-down” by large-magnitude river-capture event rather than “bottom-up” base-level fall. estimate an erodibility parameter 10Be derived catchment-average denudation rates use celerity knickpoints. started retreating at similar time, ca. 1.5 4.4 Myr ago. Considering timing constraints, we capture was likely overfill Neogene intermontane basins, potentially affected both climate factors.

Язык: Английский

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Geo-evolutionary feedbacks: integrating rapid evolution and landscape change

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(9), С. 863 - 876

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Drainage Divide Migration on Asymmetrically Uplifted Horsts, Western Türkiye

Tectonics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Abstract The migration of a main drainage divide is pivotal in landscape evolution, providing key insights into how tectonic and erosional processes shape landscapes. However, the dynamics response to asymmetric uplift erosion are not well constrained natural settings compared modeling studies. This study examines gradient contrast horst systems western Anatolia Extensional Province, Türkiye. Using 11 new cosmogenic 10 Be‐derived rates topographic metrics, we demonstrate that differing positions divides result from variations contrast, despite simultaneous exhumation horsts under same extensional regime. findings show Madran Horst's closer its more uplifted eastern flank controlled by higher between flanks. flanks suggest quasi‐steady‐state equilibrium which high already balancing each other as supported Gilbert metrics χ. In Karıncalıdağ approaching geometric center values χ anomalies, stability decreasing Although close center, ongoing erosion‐driven migration. provides empirical evidence for driven contrast.

Язык: Английский

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Allopatric Divergence and Secondary Contact Within a Single River System in a Freshwater Fish Group

Freshwater Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 70(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Because riverine fishes can disperse along linear river corridors and even between tributaries, allopatric divergence within systems is limited to large rivers. Within small rivers, such as island rarely occurs, no cases of secondary contact have been reported date. Two congeneric ricefishes, Oryzias dopingdopingensis O. landangiensis , are found in the Doping‐doping Cerekang Rivers, respectively, on Sulawesi Island, which connected via estuarine waters. These two species suggested diverged allopatry this single system. Phylogenetic population genetic structure analyses using genome‐wide nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that individuals recently discovered from downstream River phylogenetically distinct not only but also upstream River. Species tree analysis demographic model inference approximately 57,000 generations ago, they came into with each other 22,000 ago. Thereafter, split populations, 14,000 We aware any freshwater fish groups may experienced both a The Cerekang–Doping‐doping system be explained by assuming lake once existed region, where many tectonic lakes formed disappeared because collision and/or juxtaposition subdivisions since Pliocene/Pleistocene. Gene flow evident. Although populations was estimated occurred more than 40,000 years still completely homogenised corridor This stagnation homogenisation their weak dispersal ability, reflect past adaptation lacustrine environments.

Язык: Английский

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Description of the Sicklefin Redhorse (Catostomidae: Moxostoma)

Ichthyology & Herpetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 113(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

The Sicklefin Redhorse is perhaps the largest truly new North American species discovered in last century, and herein described as Moxostoma ugidatli, species. differ from other red-tailed redhorse based on presence of elongate first through third dorsal-fin rays, all by having plicate lips with deep, branching grooves distally (vs. papillose or unbranching) moderately molariform pharyngeal teeth chisel-like teeth). found upper Tennessee River basin Carolina Georgia Little Hiwassee subbasins. Although not federally protected, it threatened endangered Georgia. known to live 22 years, preserved female 500 mm SL, 633 TL, 2.561 kg male 463.2 TL unknown, 2.024 kg.

Язык: Английский

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Assembling the Pecos River fish fauna: barrier displacement on the Southern Great Plains, North America

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Barrier displacement by river capture is an important mechanism for the assembly of freshwater fish faunas. The production increasingly comprehensive and rigorously dated phylogentic trees major clades fishes, along with improved resolution in historical geomorphology, provide unprecedented opportunity to develop thorough biogeographical scenarios faunal that synthesise existing knowledge detailed context future study. Pecos River southwestern North America a textbook example drainage formation provides straightforward case capture. Fishes ultimately confined middle section (Capitan area endemism) have their closest relatives Brazos, Colorado (Texas), Red rivers, which served as ancient dispersal corridors from Mississippi drainage. Capitan endemism developed association two dissolution basins that, Late Miocene, captured headwaters these rivers. In Pliocene or Early Pleistocene, endorheic was overflowed into tributary Río Grande, became lower River. nascent also harboured endemic-fish assemblage part nexus springfed rivers (ancestral Devils River, River) comprised endemism. Even after through-flowing linked areas endemism, many endemic species remained only within original giving composite fauna. Grande connection later allowed fishes dispersing Gulf Mexico coast, aided Pleistocene sea-level falls glacial outbursts, not populate but disperse up Incision valley uplift Sangre de Cristo Mountains empowered headwater streams adjacent South Canadian bringing additional fishes. More recently, humans introduced at least 50 drainage, while human impacts fragmented native Non-native versus status remains uncertain several (e.g. Miniellus stramineus) multiple lineages diverse origin may exist some widespread, polytypic like Cyprinella lutrensis Pimephales promelas. fauna anomaly explainable complex geomorphological history produced it. As such, it unique studies fish-assemblage evolutionary ecology. Also, its neighbouring drainages helps clarify biogeography (as here). Further broadening this synthesis could support large spatial scales, illustrating potential now exists reconstructing regional river-drainage

Язык: Английский

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