Fine root decomposition in forest ecosystems: an ecological perspective

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

Fine root decomposition is a physio-biochemical activity that critical to the global carbon cycle (C) in forest ecosystems. It crucial investigate mechanisms and factors control fine ecosystems understand their system-level balance. This process can be influenced by several abiotic (e.g., mean annual temperature, precipitation, site elevation, stand age, salinity, soil pH) biotic microorganism, substrate quality) variables. Comparing rates within sites reveals positive impacts of nitrogen phosphorus concentrations negative effects lignin concentration. Nevertheless, estimating actual breakdown difficult due inadequate methods, anthropogenic activities, impact climate change. Herein, we propose how physiochemical characteristics interact with microorganisms influence decomposition. review summarized elements this process, as well research methods used it. There also need study seasonal changes affecting cumulative evidence will provide information on temporal spatial dynamics ecosystems, determine logging reforestation affect

Язык: Английский

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Angiosperm fossil woods, Cryptocaryeae (Lauraceae) and Cunoniaceae, with marine borers from Day Nunatak, Western Antarctica (Snow Hill Island Formation, Upper Cretaceous)

Cretaceous Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106146 - 106146

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Earliest trace fossil evidence of wood-eating termites (Isoptera) and mites (Oribatida) in circumpolar environments of Australia: Upper Strzelecki Group (Lower Cretaceous), Victoria

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 113059 - 113059

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fossil Xenoxylon (Coniferopsida) wood from the Upper Cretaceous of Heilongjiang, China: Evidence of a tripartite plant-arthropod-fungal association

Cretaceous Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 157, С. 105822 - 105822

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Nurse logs: A common seedling strategy in the Permian Cathaysian flora

iScience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(11), С. 105433 - 105433

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

Nurse logs are common in modern forests from boreal to temperate and tropical ecosystems. However, the evolution of nurse-log strategy remains elusive because their rare occurrence fossil record. We report seven coniferous nurse lowermost uppermost Permian strata northern China that have been colonized by conifer sphenophyllalean roots. These roots associated with two types arthropod coprolites fungal remains. Our study provides first glimpse into plant-plant facilitative relationships between late Paleozoic gymnosperms sphenopsids. Detritivorous arthropods fungi appear crucial for utilization forests. The phylogenetically distant demonstrate interaction was a sophisticated seedling humid forests, this approach may adopted developed succession plant groups leading its wide representation forest

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for saprotrophic digestion of glossopterid pollen from Permian silicified peats of Antarctica

Grana, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(1), С. 3 - 15

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Wind-blown pollen (pollen rain) is a major contributor to element cycling in modern forests and aquatic ecosystems, particularly high-latitude acidic settings where nutrients are limiting factor. The rich package of proteins, nitrogen phosphorus residing within is, nonetheless, inaccessible most organisms, owing the indigestible sporopollenin walls. Saprotrophic breakdown by fungi, some non-fungal microorganisms, can make bioavailable, represents key trophic link transfer organic carbon. Little known about when micro-saprotrophs first adapted exploit pollen, thus establishing this crucial step evolution terrestrial ecosystems. One approach examine fossil record palynomorphs. Here we describe translucent bodies referable either fungi (Chytridiomycota) or water moulds (Oomycetes) glossopterid gymnosperms cordaitaleans, fern spores from silicified Permian (Guadalupian–Lopingian) peats Toploje Member, Bainmedart Coal Measures, Prince Charles Mountains, Antarctica. These probable holocarpic thalli oospores exploited nutrient-rich microgametophyte tissue dispersed miospores high-palaeolatitude wetlands. exceptional preservation microorganisms permineralised offers insights into deep-time intimate ecological relationships, otherwise only among extant biotas. Permineralisation has preserved sub-micron details these delicate cryptic saprotrophs that likely played roles forest mires Permian. Our study reveals extensive recapture spore/pollen-derived via saprotrophic digestion was already at play ecosystems late Palaeozoic.

Язык: Английский

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Plant-insect interactions in the mid-Cretaceous paleotropical El Chango Lagerstätte (Cintalapa Fm., Mexico)—patterns of herbivory during the Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

Plants and insects are two of the more diverse abundant organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. The fossil record plant-insect interactions offers crucial insights into coevolutionary dynamics between these groups, shedding light on intricate relationships that have shaped study is especially relevant mid-Cretaceous ecosystems, a time dramatic changes composition floras and, consequently, relationships. Here, we describe first suite from Mexico. We studied 554 plant fossils El Chango Lagerstätte (Cintalapa Formation, Chiapas, Mexico), including vegetative (leaves) reproductive structures (fruits seeds). flora was dominated by gymnosperms (89.3%) followed angiosperms (10.7%); other such as pteridophytes bryophytes, were absent. In total, 5.4% specimens hosted some damage. Angiosperms (all broad-leafed forms), despite being much less common than gymnosperms, expressed evidence damage herbivores (35.6% damaged). contrast, narrow-leafed dominant group flora, lower proportion herbivory (1.8% diversity types (DTs) relatively low: 14 DTs identified, corresponding to seven FFGs, margin feeding, hole surface piercing sucking, oviposition, galling, mining. Comparison with assemblages reveals similar richness for but Chango. These results indicate preferential (rather available assemblage) arthropods during period major structure However, it challenging resolve whether this apparent preference because particularly targeted or if simply broad leaves general, since most scale-leafed forms.

Язык: Английский

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Biological decay by microorganisms in stems from the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation (San Juan Province, Argentina): A striking microbial diversity in Carnian-Norian terrestrial ecosystems

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 315, С. 104915 - 104915

Опубликована: Май 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Influence of the abiotic environment on Permian woods from northwestern Gondwana

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 316, С. 104947 - 104947

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Conifer Fossil Woods from the Mid-Cretaceous (Albian) Kachaike Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina

Ameghiniana, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 60(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Se describen 21 maderas silicificadas de la Formación Kachaike (Albiano, Cretácico medio), recolectadas en estancia Tucu Tucu, centro-oeste provincia Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina. Los especímenes están compuestos enteramente por xilema secundario y el grado preservación varía entre cada uno los ejemplares. estudios anatómicos indican que son coníferas afines a las familias Araucariaceae e Hirmeriellaceae (=Cheirolepidiaceae), asignadas dos especies fósiles: Agathoxylon antarcticum Brachyoxylon patagonicum. Todos ejemplares estudiados presentan anillos crecimiento marcados, indicando estacionalidad anual. reconocen también patrones pudrición similares producidos hongos xilófagos modernos. La presencia leños fósiles permite un mejor entendimiento paleoflora Kachaike, basada previamente únicamente palinológicos hojas fósiles. Asimismo, brinda información adicional cuanto dominancia del estrato arbóreo parte durante

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