Wildlife parasitology: sample collection and processing, diagnostic constraints, and methodological challenges in terrestrial carnivores

Parasites & Vectors, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Abstract Wild terrestrial carnivores play a crucial role as reservoir, maintenance, and spillover hosts for wide parasite variety. They may harbor, shed, transmit zoonotic parasites of veterinary importance domestic hosts. Although wild are globally distributed comprise many different species, some living in close proximity to human settlements, only few studies have investigated using non-specific techniques. Access samples be challenging species protected, others secretive, possibly explaining the data paucity. Considering carnivores’ health ecological role, combined with lack specific diagnostic methodologies, this review aims offer an overview methods investigation carnivores, providing precise techniques collection analysis fecal, blood, tissue samples, environmental impact on said limitations researchers currently face analyzing carnivores. In addition, paper offers information how factors affect detection postmortem insects can used estimate time death highlight insect larvae. The contains literature available procedures emphasizes need method standardization Graphical

Язык: Английский

---

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Pathogens in Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and Raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 270 - 270

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and raccoons (Procyon lotor) are invasive alien species originating from East Asia North America, respectively. They discussed as vectors reservoirs for various infectious diseases, including vector-borne zoonotic pathogens, therefore a potential threat to human domestic animal health, well biodiversity conservation. In the years 2021 2022, 110 raccoon 30 were screened via qPCR presence of Leptospira spp., Rickettsia spp. Borreliella in German federal state Schleswig-Holstein part health risk assessment study. confirmed one dog raccoon, identified afzelii raccoon. found 21 (19.44%) 2 (6.90%) raccoons. five dogs, borgpetersenii, kirschneri interrogans.

Язык: Английский

---

Land cover and climatic conditions as potential drivers of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) distribution in North America and Europe

European Journal of Wildlife Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 69(3)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Abstract The raccoon is listed among the invasive alien species of EU concern requiring management actions. Projections its global distribution have been mainly based on climatic variables so far. In this study, we aim to address impact land cover (LC) in North America and Europe. First, identified LC types which observation sites are predominantly located derive preferred types. Second, used an ecological niche modelling (ENM) approach evaluate predictive power information current patterns raccoons both ranges. Raccoons seem be more often associated forested areas mixed landscapes, including cropland urban areas, but underrepresented vegetation-poor with largely coinciding order compare climate variables, conducted principal component analyses all respective variable sets (climate variables) PC that together explain 90% total variance set as predictors. Land only models resulted patchy projected habitat suitabilities showed a higher performance compared Europe, suitability seems exceed observed occurrences, could indicate further spread potential We conclude important drivers, well spatial raccoon. Consideration benefit efforts control carnivores contribute better biodiversity, also human animal health.

Язык: Английский

---

Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies

International Journal for Parasitology Parasites and Wildlife, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24, С. 100935 - 100935

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024

To demonstrate predation and potential impacts of raccoons on various species, a total 108 from aquatic-associated nature reserves natural areas in three federal states Germany, Hesse (n = 36), Saxony-Anhalt 36) Brandenburg were investigated dietary ecological perspective the present study. Fecal analyses stomach content examinations conducted for this purpose. Additionally, as supplementary method analyzing spectrum raccoons, parasite fauna was considered, metazoan parasites, particular, can serve indicators species origin food organisms. While allow detailed recording trophic relationships solely at time sampling, parasitological enable inferences about more distant interaction processes. With their different developmental stages heteroxenous life cycles involving specific, sometimes obligate, intermediate hosts, they utilize web to reach definitive host. The results study clearly that spawning amphibians reptiles predominantly utilized resources by areas. Thus, common toad (

Язык: Английский

---

Tick-borne pathogens in raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Germany

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 102457 - 102457

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

The Release of Non‐Native Gamebirds Is Associated With Amplified Zoonotic Disease Risk

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Spillback—where non‐native species increase native pathogen prevalence—is potentially an important mechanism by which non‐natives contribute to zoonotic disease emergence. However, spillback has not yet been directly demonstrated because it is difficult disentangle from confounding factors correlate with abundance and prevalence. Here, we capitalise on replicated, quasi‐experimental releases of pheasants ( Phasianus colchicus ) compare vector prevalence between sites similar local conditions but different densities. Prevalence Borrelia spp. (the causative agent Lyme disease) in questing ticks was almost 2.5x higher woods where are released compared control woods, a particularly strong effect garinii , bird specialist genospecies. Furthermore, adult (but nymphal) tended be more abundant at pheasant‐release woods. This work provides evidence that can impact via ecologically relevant contexts.

Язык: Английский

---

Linking patterns to processes: Using hunting bag data to classify raccoon (Procyon lotor) invasion stages in Germany since the 2000s

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 175, С. 113568 - 113568

Опубликована: Май 9, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Invasive mammalian wildlife and the risk of zoonotic parasites

Trends in Parasitology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 39(9), С. 786 - 798

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Helminths in Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Southwest Germany

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(7), С. 919 - 919

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2023

As hosts of numerous zoonotic pathogens, the role raccoons needs to be considered in One Health context. Raccoons progressively expand their range as invasive alien species Europe. This study aimed investigate intestinal helminth fauna Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, no such screening had ever been conducted there. In total, we obtained 102 animals from hunters 2019 and 2020. Intestinal helminths were retrieved using SSCT (segmented sedimentation counting technique) identified morphologically by PCR-based Sanger sequencing. Fecal samples assessed ELISA PetChekTM IP assay (IDEXX, Germany) flotation technique. The artificial digestion method was employed for analyzing muscle tissue. We detected four nematode genera (Baylisascaris procyonis, Toxocara canis, Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp.), three cestode (Atriotaenia cf. incisa/procyonis, Taenia martis, Mesocestoides trematode (Isthmiophora hortensis/melis, Plagiorchis muris, Brachylaima spp.). Echinococcus spp. Trichinella not found. behavior synanthropic habits may increase infection risk with these wildlife, domestic zoo animals, humans serving a connecting link. Therefore, it is crucial initiate additional studies assessing risks.

Язык: Английский

---

Identifying opportunities for invasive species management: an empirical study of stakeholder perceptions and interest in invasive species

Biological Invasions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(8), С. 2561 - 2577

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Abstract Invasive species are one of the main reasons for decline in global biodiversity. When it comes to management invasive species, stakeholders who directly involved with this issue play a particularly important role, as they engaged and can also influence public’s perception. This study therefore investigates how different stakeholder groups Germany perceive species. In total, more than 2200 people were surveyed, belonging nine that contact (hunters members hunting associations, farmers, environmental conservation organizations, allotment garden clubs, animal welfare supporters, divers, employees zoological gardens, administrative regulatory authority, speleologists). It was found number plant roughly correctly estimated all groups, but economic damage caused by substantially underestimated. mentioned, mainly conspicuous mammals or plants listed (e.g. Procyon lotor Impatiens glandulifera ). surveyed there notable level interest commonly regarded issues. While these results offer valuable insights into stakeholders’ perspectives on highlight need improvement. particular, is greater education about inconspicuous spread them.

Язык: Английский

---