Expert Review of Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1), С. 81 - 90
Опубликована: Дек. 25, 2024
Background LYB001 is a recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine displaying receptor-binding domain (RBD) in highly immunogenic array on virus-like particles (VLPs). This study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of as booster.
Язык: Английский
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 167, С. 115597 - 115597
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2023
The field of nanotechnology has revolutionised global attempts to prevent, treat, and eradicate infectious diseases in the foreseen future. Nanovaccines have proven be a valuable pawn this novel technology. are made up nanoparticles that associated with or prepared components can stimulate host's immune system. In addition their delivery capabilities, nanocarriers been demonstrated possess intrinsic adjuvant properties, working as cell stimulators. Thus, nanovaccines potential promote rapid well long-lasting humoral cellular immunity. several possible benefits, including site-specific antigen delivery, increased bioavailability, diminished adverse effect profile. To avail these nanoparticle-based vaccines being developed, virus-like particles, liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, lipid emulsion vaccines, exomes, inorganic nanoparticles. Inspired by distinctive researchers on development for variety applications, such cancer immunotherapy diseases. Although few challenges still need overcome, modulation nanoparticle pharmacokinetics avoid elimination from bloodstream reticuloendothelial system, future prospects technology also assuring, multiple options personalised needle-free formulations, combination promising candidates.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
75
Drugs and Drug Candidates, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4(1), С. 5 - 5
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025
COVID-19, first identified in December 2019 Wuhan, China, is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a pathogen that primarily targets respiratory system and can lead to severe conditions such as acute distress syndrome (ARDS). Among seven coronaviruses known infect humans, three—SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2—are associated with illness significant morbidity. an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for cellular entry. The genetic sequence of highly mutable, leading emergence variants alter disease pathology transmission dynamics. World Health Organization (WHO) has classified these mutations into concern (VOCs), interest (VOIs), under monitoring (VUMs). This review provides in-depth analysis both historical emerging variants, summarizes recent advancements diagnostic methods detection, discusses current therapeutic strategies particular focus on virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines developed years. Additionally, we highlight ongoing approaches their implications managing COVID-19.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Vaccines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3), С. 216 - 216
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Background/Objectives: Virus-like particles (VLPs) represent an attractive platform for delivering vaccine formulations, combining a high biosafety profile with potent immune-stimulatory ability. VLPs are non-infectious, non-replicating, self-assembling nanostructures that can be exploited to efficiently expose membrane-tethered glycoproteins such as the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein, main target of approved preventive vaccines. Here, we describe development and preclinical validation Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-based GFP-labeled displaying S from B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant (VLP/S-Delta) inducing persistent anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) S-specific T cell responses in mice. Methods: SIV-derived VLP/S-Delta were produced by co-transfecting plasmid expressing SIVGag-GFP, required VLP assembly quantification flow virometry, encoding Delta protein deleted cytoplasmic tail (CT), improve membrane binding, VSV.G-expressing plasmid, enhance uptake. Recovered titrated virometry characterized vitro transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confocal (CLSM). BALB/c mice immunized intramuscularly following prime–boost regimen, humoral cellular immune assessed. Results: pseudotyped CT-truncated S-Delta. After priming, elicited both specific anti-RBD IgGs anti-Delta nAbs significantly increased after boost maintained over time. The vaccination induced similar levels cross-nAbs against ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 strain well Omicron BA.1, BA.2 BA.4/5 VoCs, albeit at lower levels. Moreover, immunization IFNγ-producing cells. Conclusions: These data suggest SIV-based appropriate delivery system elicitation efficient sustained immunity mice, paving way further improvements immunogen design quality breadth different viral glycoproteins.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Nucleic Acids Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 53(5)
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus-like particles (VLPs) are ∼100-nm-sized bioinspired mimetics of the authentic virus. We undertook molecular engineering to optimize VLP platform for messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery. Cloning nucleocapsid protein upstream M-IRES-E resulted in a three-plasmid (3P) system that displayed ∼7-fold higher viral entry efficiency compared with VLPs formed by co-transfection four plasmids. More than 90% human ACE2-expressing cells could be transduced using these 3P VLPs. Viral tropism programmed switching glycoproteins from other strains, including betacoronaviruses and vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. An infectious two-plasmid was also advanced where one vector carried surface glycoprotein second remaining SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins reporter gene. engineered carry up transgenes, functional Cas9 mRNA genome editing. Gene editing specific target cell types feasible modifying tropism. Successful delivery mouse lungs suggests can overcome natural biological barriers enable pulmonary gene Overall, study describes advancement robust both vitro vivo.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)
Опубликована: Май 12, 2025
Mucosal infectious diseases represent a significant global health burden, impacting millions of people worldwide through pathogens that invade the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. vaccines provide promising strategy to combat these by preventing from entering portals as well within systemic response compartment. However, challenges such antigen instability, inefficient delivery, suboptimal immune activation, complex biology mucosal barriers hinder their development. These limitations require integrating specialized adjuvants delivery systems. Protein nanocages, self-assembling nanoscale structures can be engineered, may an innovative solution for co-delivering antigens adjuvants. With remarkable stability, biocompatibility, design versatility, protein nanocages potentially overcome existing in vaccine enhance protective responses. This review highlights potential revolutionize development addressing challenges.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(15), С. e34927 - e34927
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2024
To overcome the limitations of conventional vaccines, new platforms for vaccine design have emerged such as those based on viral vectors and virus-like particles (VLPs). Viral vector vaccines are highly efficient onset protection is quick. Many recombinant candidates humans viruses belonging to different families Adenoviridae, Retroviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Parvoviridae. Also, first licensed human vaccination was Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine. Since then, several been approved against Lassa fever, Ebola, hepatitis B, E, SARS-CoV-2, malaria. VLPs nanoparticles that mimic formed from self-assembly structural proteins VLP-based B E viruses, papillomavirus, malaria commercialized. As evidenced by accelerated production COVID-19, these approaches important tools vaccinology generating rapid responses pathogens emerging pandemic threats.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Biochemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 211, С. 109441 - 109441
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024
Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) have emerged as crucial tools in the field of biomedicine. Leveraging their biological and physicochemical properties, VNPs exhibit significant advantages prevention, diagnosis, treatment human diseases. Through techniques such chemical bioconjugation, infusion, genetic engineering, encapsulation, these been endowed with multifunctional capabilities, including display functional peptides or proteins, encapsulation therapeutic drugs inorganic particles, integration imaging agents, conjugation bioactive molecules. This review provides an in-depth analysis biomedicine, elucidating diverse types, distinctive features, production methods, complex design principles behind VNPs. It highlights recent innovative research various applications, covering roles imaging, drug delivery, therapeutics, gene vaccines, immunotherapy, tissue regeneration. Additionally, assessment safety biocompatibility discusses challenges future opportunities field, underscoring vast potential evolving nature VNP research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
Vaccine antigens must present the correct conformation of viral fusion glycoproteins to elicit effective immune responses. Virus-like particles (VLPs) serve as promising vaccine platforms because they mimic membrane-embedded conformations on native viruses. Here, we employed SARS-CoV-2 VLPs (SMEN) presenting ancestral, Beta, or Omicron spikes identify variant that elicits potent and cross-protective responses in highly sensitive K18-hACE2 mouse model. A combined intranasal intramuscular administration regimen SMEN generated was predominantly mediated by antibodies with minor contributions from T cells. Immunization an ancestral spike resulted 100, 75, 0% protection against Delta Beta VOC-induced mortality, respectively, whereas most divergent provided only limited (50%, 0%, 25%) Delta, variants, respectively. By contrast, a offered 100% variants used this study. Thus, not overcame immunity produced other but also elicited diverse response. Our findings suggest leveraging protein can enhance immunity, potentially leading more comprehensive emerging variants.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Health Sciences Review, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9, С. 100127 - 100127
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023
The causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic is undergoing several changes, and evolutionary cascade SARS-CoV-2 has led to emergence a range variants SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, recombinant or super such as XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.9.1, XBB.1.9.2 raised concerns among scientific community regarding efficacy various vaccines. scientists are still figuring out consequences variants, their implications for reinfection. In this context, vaccines have been developed overcome COVID-19, but they all come with disadvantages. While considering disadvantages advantages vaccine platforms, exploring virus-like particles (VLPs) develop against COVID-19. Therefore, an updated review literature conducted elucidate usage VLPs-based manage Considering ongoing evolution SARS-CoV-2, article discusses potential role VLPs in development efficient reliable Further, we explained how generate potent long-lasting immune response, along recent clinical trials. highlighted limitations possible solutions future directions that will limitations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6