We
devise
and
experimentally
demonstrate
a
method
for
measuring
third
order
temporal
coherence
at
zero
delay
of
light
within
fluorescent
sample
by
simultaneous
second
autocorrelation,
without
assumptions
about
the
pulse
shape.
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Май 23, 2025
Abstract
The
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
is
important
for
higher
cognitive
functions,
including
working
memory,
decision
making,
and
emotional
control.
In
vivo
recordings
of
neuronal
activity
in
the
mPFC
have
been
achieved
via
invasive
electrical
optical
approaches.
Here
we
apply
low
three-photon
imaging
mouse
at
unprecedented
depth.
Specifically,
measure
astrocytic
Ca
2+
-transient
parameters
awake
head-fixed
mice
up
to
a
depth
1700
µm.
Furthermore,
longitudinally
record
dendritic
spine
density
(0.41
±
0.07
µm
−1
)
deeper
than
1
mm
week.
Using
1650
nm
wavelength
excite
red
fluorescent
microglia,
quantify
their
processes’
motility
(58.9
2%
turnover
rate)
previously
unreachable
depths
(1100
µm).
We
establish
enabling
glial
with
subcellular
resolution
that
will
pave
way
novel
discoveries
this
brain
region.
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
532(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Comprehensive
understanding
of
interconnected
networks
within
the
brain
requires
access
to
high
resolution
information
large
field
views
and
over
time.
Currently,
methods
that
enable
mapping
structural
changes
entire
in
vivo
are
extremely
limited.
Third
harmonic
generation
(THG)
can
resolve
myelinated
structures,
blood
vessels,
cell
bodies
throughout
without
need
for
any
exogenous
labeling.
Together
with
deep
penetration
long
wavelengths,
this
enables
brain‐mapping
fractions
small
animals
Here,
we
demonstrate
THG
microscopy
allows
non‐invasive
label‐free
an
adult
vertebrate,
Danionella
dracula
,
which
is
a
miniature
species
cyprinid
fish.
We
show
capability
multiple
regions
particular
identification
major
commissural
fiber
bundles
midbrain
hindbrain.
These
features
provide
readily
discernable
landmarks
navigation
regional‐specific
neuronal
groups
even
single
neurons
during
experiments.
further
how
technique
easily
be
coupled
fluorescence
used
as
comparative
tool
studies
other
similar
body
such
zebrafish
(
Danio
rerio)
tetras
Trochilocharax
ornatus
).
This
new
evidence,
building
on
previous
studies,
demonstrates
size
relative
transparency,
combined
unique
capabilities
microscopy,
vertebrate
brain.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022
Rodents
have
been
the
dominant
animal
models
in
neurobiology
and
neurological
disease
research
over
past
60
years.
The
prevalent
use
of
rats
mice
neuroscience
has
driven
by
several
key
attributes
including
their
organ
physiology
being
more
similar
to
humans,
availability
a
broad
variety
behavioral
tests
genetic
tools,
widely
accessible
reagents.
However,
despite
many
advances
understanding
that
achieved
using
rodent
models,
there
remain
limitations
questions
can
be
addressed
these
other
mammalian
models.
In
particular,
vivo
imaging
mammals
at
cell-resolution
level
remains
technically
difficult
demands
large
investments
time
cost.
simpler
nervous
systems
non-mammalian
allow
for
precise
mapping
circuits
even
whole
brain
with
impressive
subcellular
resolution.
types
available
spans
vertebrates
non-vertebrates,
so
an
appropriate
model
most
cell
biological
neurodegenerative
likely
exists.
A
push
diversify
used
could
help
address
current
gaps
knowledge,
complement
existing
rodent-based
bodies
work,
bring
new
insight
into
our
human
disease.
Moreover,
are
inherent
aspects
such
as
lifespan
tissue
transparency
make
them
specifically
advantageous
studies.
Crispr/Cas9
gene
editing
decreased
cost
genome
sequencing
combined
optical
microscopy
enhances
utility
specific
questions.
This
review
seeks
synthesize
knowledge
established
emerging
organisms
cellular-resolution
techniques
suggest
approaches
understand
neurodegeneration
neurobiological
processes.
We
will
summarize
tools
single
scale
lead
increased
consideration
research.
Biomedical Optics Express,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(8), С. 4369 - 4369
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023
Measurements
of
three-photon
action
cross-sections
for
fluorescein
(dissolved
in
water,
pH
∼11.5)
are
presented
the
excitation
wavelength
range
from
1154
to
1500
nm
∼50
steps.
The
source
is
a
femtosecond
tunable
non-collinear
optical
parametric
amplifier,
which
has
been
spectrally
filtered
with
50
full
width
at
half
maximum
band
pass
filters.
Cube-law
power
dependance
confirmed
measurement
wavelengths.
spectrum
found
differ
both
one-
and
two-photon
spectra.
cross-section
more
than
an
order
magnitude
larger
those
1450
(approximately
three
times
one-photon
peak),
possibly
indicates
presence
resonance
enhancement.
ACS Applied Engineering Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2(11), С. 2504 - 2520
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2024
Two-photon-excited
fluorescence
imaging
(TPEFI)
is
a
rapidly
advancing
technique
for
detecting
analytes
and
visualizing
biological
conditions
in
real
time.
Compared
to
conventional
one-photon
excitation,
TPEFI
offers
advantages,
such
as
deeper
tissue
penetration,
reduced
photodamage,
high
sensitivity,
superior
temporal
resolution,
making
it
highly
suitable
vivo
applications.
The
integration
of
biostimuli-responsive
elements
into
two-photon
fluorophores
has
enabled
the
development
bioactivatable
two-photon-excited
small
molecules
that
are
effective
near-infrared
bioimaging
monitoring
diverse
processes
diseases.
This
review
highlights
recent
progress
(2019–2024)
design
application
fluorescent
probes
specifically
developed
activity-based
bioimaging.
We
provide
succinct
overview
both
chemically
enzymatically
activated
by
discussing
their
structural
principles,
bioresponsive
characteristics,
absorption
emission
properties,
use
vitro
specific
biomedical
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
is
important
for
higher
cognitive
functions,
including
working
memory,
decision
making,
and
emotional
control.
In
vivo
recordings
of
neuronal
activity
in
the
mPFC
have
been
achieved
via
invasive
electrical
optical
approaches.
Here
we
apply
low
three-photon
imaging
mouse
at
unprecedented
depth.
Specifically,
measure
astrocytic
Ca
2+
-transient
parameters
awake
head-fixed
mice
up
to
a
depth
1700
µm.
Furthermore,
longitudinally
record
dendritic
spine
density
(0.41
±0.07
µm
-1
)
deeper
than
1
mm
week.
Using
1650
nm
wavelength
excite
red
fluorescent
microglia,
quantify
their
processes’
motility
(58.9
±2%
turnover
rate)
previously
unreachable
depths
(1100
µm).
We
establish
enabling
glial
with
subcellular
resolution
that
will
pave
way
novel
discoveries
this
brain
region.
We
study
the
effect
of
randomly
distributed
absorbing
tissue
on
surface
sample
in
multiphoton
microscopy.
Through
numerical
simulation,
signal-to-background
ratio
and
point
spread
function
system
are
investigated.