Maize TIR-only Proteins ZmTIR1 and ZmTIR2, but not ZmTIR3 Confer Auto-active Hypersensitive Response Likely by Forming Condensation DOI Creative Commons
Zhen Kang, Qidong Ge,

M. Zhang

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024

SUMMARY Nucleotide binding, leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) proteins are the major intracellular receptors for defending against pathogen infection. The recognition between NLRs and secreted effectors often triggers a localized programmed cell death termed hypersensitive response (HR). Despite significant progresses have been achieved in understanding canonical with N-terminal Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains, molecular mechanisms underlying TIR-only plant immune responses remain unclear. In this study, we identified six TIR-containing maize, including three proteins. Functional analysis showed that ZmTIR1 ZmTIR2, but not ZmTIR3, confer autoactive HR when transiently expressed N. benthamiana . autoactivity conferred by ZmTIR2 depends on EDS1-PAD4-RNL module their putative NADase activities. Interestingly, predominantly localize punctate dots likely form condensation, while ZmTIR3 mainly localizes cytoplasm nucleus. Two specific amino acids BB-loop region were to be required ZmTIR1- ZmTIR2-mediated condensation formation auto-HR. Furthermore, ZmTIR induced Cochliobolus heterostrophus , causal agent of southern leaf blight (SLB) knock-down expression or decreased resistance SLB maize. Our study reveals novel mechanism monocot maize responses.

Язык: Английский

Pathogen perception and signaling in plant immunity DOI Creative Commons
Peter N. Dodds, Jian Chen, Megan A. Outram

и другие.

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(5), С. 1465 - 1481

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024

Abstract Plant diseases are a constant and serious threat to agriculture ecological biodiversity. Plants possess sophisticated innate immunity system capable of detecting responding pathogen infection prevent disease. Our understanding this has grown enormously over the past century. Early genetic descriptions plant disease resistance virulence were embodied in gene-for-gene hypothesis, while physiological studies identified pathogen-derived elicitors that could trigger defense responses cells tissues. Molecular these phenomena have now coalesced into an integrated model involving cell surface intracellular detection specific molecules proteins culminating induction various cellular responses. Extracellular receptors engage distinct signaling processes but converge on many similar outputs with substantial evidence for integration pathways interdependent networks controlling outcomes. Many molecular details recognition known, providing opportunities bioengineering enhance protection from Here we provide overview current main principles immunity, emphasis key scientific milestones leading insights.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

35
A wheat tandem kinase activates an NLR to trigger immunity DOI

Renjie Chen,

Jian Chen, Oliver R. Powell

и другие.

Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 387(6741), С. 1402 - 1408

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

The role of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors in plant immunity is well studied, but the function a class tandem kinases (TKs) that confer disease resistance wheat and barley remains unclear. In this study, we show SR62 locus digenic module encoding Sr62 TK an NLR (Sr62 ), identify corresponding AvrSr62 effector. binds to N-terminal kinase 1 , triggering displacement 2, which activates . Modeling mutation analysis indicated mediated by overlapping binding sites (i) on for 2 (ii) Understanding two-component complex may help engineering breeding plants durable resistance.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
A wheat tandem kinase sensor activates an NLR helper to trigger immunity DOI Open Access

Renjie Chen,

Jian Chen, Megan A. Outram

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

Abstract Most plant resistance genes encode membrane-anchored receptor-like proteins or intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors. In wheat barley, tandem kinases (TKs) have emerged as a new class of determinants. To understand the modus operandi stem rust protein Sr62 TK , we identified two genetic interactors— host gene required for function corresponding fungal AvrSr62 effector. We discovered that SR62 locus consists digenic module encoding an NLR (Sr62 ). binds to N-terminal kinase . This triggers displacement C-terminal allowing it recruit activation immune responses. Understanding mechanism this two-component complex will help engineering breeding durable resistance.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
A simple and efficient method for betalain quantification in RUBY-expressing plant samples DOI Creative Commons
Dibyajyoti Pramanik, Keunsub Lee, Kan Wang

и другие.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

The RUBY reporter system has demonstrated great potential as a visible marker to monitor gene expression in both transiently and stably transformed plant tissues. Ectopic of the leads bright red pigmentation tissues that do not naturally accumulate betalain. Unlike traditional visual markers such β-glucuronidase (GUS), luciferase (LUC), various fluorescent proteins, does require sample sacrifice or special equipment for visualizing expression. However, robust quantitative analysis method betalain content been lacking, limiting accurate comparative analyses. In this work, we present simple rapid protocol evaluation transgenic Using method, demonstrate differential can be quantified leaf tissues, agroinfiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, stable maize including seeds, roots. We found grinding fresh with hand grinder plastic pestle, without use liquid nitrogen, is an effective extraction. Betalain contents estimated by spectrophotometric High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses were highly consistent, validating our extraction quantification suitable analysis. addition, was strongly correlated level N. suggesting useful monitoring transient transformation efficiency plants. protocol, varying levels pigment ranging from 110 1066 mg/kg tissue, samples, 15.3 1028.7 tissue. This expected streamline studies plants, providing valuable insights into effectiveness promoters, enhancers, other regulatory elements used constructs.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Salicylic Acid, Hypersensitive Response and RBOHD‐Mediated Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation Play Key Roles in Black Rot Resistance of Crucifers DOI Open Access
Chia‐Hua Lin, Bo‐Yi Lee, Yumin Ou

и другие.

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

ABSTRACT Black rot caused by hemibiotrophic Xanthomonas campestris pv. ( Xcc ) is a great problem in crucifer crop production. Various host responses are activated upon attack; however, their roles black resistance remain ambiguous. In this study, highly of plants was achieved applying field‐screened systemic resistance‐eliciting Bacillus velezensis strain 37‐1. The contributions 37‐1‐altered to were then investigated Arabidopsis . Hypersensitive response and hydrogen peroxide accumulation demonstrated beneficial for infection using nrg1 rbohd mutants, histochemical staining against cell death reactive oxygen species, detection antioxidant enzyme activity RT‐qPCR assay. By contrast, salicylic acid proven essential suppression NahG transformant, mutants impaired defence hormone synthesis signalling pathway, Additionally, both isochorismate synthase phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase pathways biosynthesis found be involved These findings improve the knowledge crucial fighting off

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
<em>Vitis rotundifolia</em> Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on <em>v. vinifera</em> Berry Transcriptome DOI Open Access

Mengyao Shi,

Stefania Savoi, Gautier Sarah

и другие.

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Thanks to several Vitis vinifera backcrosses with an initial V. L. × rotundifolia (previously Muscadinia rotundifolia) interspecific cross, the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus (resistance downy and powdery mildews) was introgressed in genotypes phenotypically close varieties. To check consequences of introgressing parts genome on gene expression during fruit development, we conducted a comparative RNA-seq study single berries from different cultivars hybrids, including ‘G5’ two derivative microvine lines, ‘MV102’ (resistant) ‘MV32’ (susceptible) segregating for MrRUN1/RPV1 locus. RNA-Seq profiles were analyzed comprehensive set end herbaceous plateau ripe stage. Pair-end reads aligned both PN40024.v4 reference genome, cv ‘Trayshed’ ‘Carlos’, few resistance genes original ‘52’ parent available at NCBI. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) led classifying differentially expressed into 15 modules either preferentially correlated or berry phenology composition. Resistance positively transcripts predominantly mapped 4-5 Mb distal region chromosome 12 beginning locus, while negatively ones orthologous region, showing this large extremity LG12 remained recalcitrant internal recombination successive backcrosses. Some constitutively also observed lower density outside region. Genes overexpressed developing resistant accessions, rotundifolia, triggered by these spanned various functional groups, encompassing calcium signal transduction, hormone signaling, transcription factors, plant–pathogen-associated interactions, disease proteins, ROS phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This transcriptomic insight provides foundation understanding inherent hybrid suggests constitutive NIR NBS LRR triggering signaling. Moreover, results illustrate magnitude changes caused background backcrossed number functions largely exceeding transformants.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Vitis rotundifolia Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on V. vinifera Berry Transcriptome DOI Creative Commons

Mengyao Shi,

Stefania Savoi, Gautier Sarah

и другие.

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(15), С. 2095 - 2095

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Thanks to several

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Maize TIR-only Proteins ZmTIR1 and ZmTIR2, but not ZmTIR3 Confer Auto-active Hypersensitive Response Likely by Forming Condensation DOI Creative Commons
Zhen Kang, Qidong Ge,

M. Zhang

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024

SUMMARY Nucleotide binding, leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) proteins are the major intracellular receptors for defending against pathogen infection. The recognition between NLRs and secreted effectors often triggers a localized programmed cell death termed hypersensitive response (HR). Despite significant progresses have been achieved in understanding canonical with N-terminal Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains, molecular mechanisms underlying TIR-only plant immune responses remain unclear. In this study, we identified six TIR-containing maize, including three proteins. Functional analysis showed that ZmTIR1 ZmTIR2, but not ZmTIR3, confer autoactive HR when transiently expressed N. benthamiana . autoactivity conferred by ZmTIR2 depends on EDS1-PAD4-RNL module their putative NADase activities. Interestingly, predominantly localize punctate dots likely form condensation, while ZmTIR3 mainly localizes cytoplasm nucleus. Two specific amino acids BB-loop region were to be required ZmTIR1- ZmTIR2-mediated condensation formation auto-HR. Furthermore, ZmTIR induced Cochliobolus heterostrophus , causal agent of southern leaf blight (SLB) knock-down expression or decreased resistance SLB maize. Our study reveals novel mechanism monocot maize responses.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0