Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
518, С. 141 - 161
Опубликована: Март 7, 2023
Gut
microbiota
represents
a
diverse
and
dynamic
population
of
microorganisms
harbouring
the
gastrointestinal
tract,
which
influences
host
health
disease.
Bacterial
colonization
tract
begins
at
birth
changes
throughout
life,
with
age
being
one
conditioning
factors
for
its
vitality.
Aging
is
also
primary
risk
factor
most
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Among
them,
Alzheimeŕs
disease
(AD)
probably
where
association
state
dysbiosis
gut
has
been
studied.
In
particular,
intestinal
microbial-derived
metabolites
have
associated
β-amyloid
formation
brain
amyloid
deposition,
tau
phosphorylation,
as
well
neuroinflammation
in
AD
patients.
Moreover,
it
suggested
that
some
oral
bacteria
increase
developing
AD.
However,
causal
connections
among
microbiome,
amyloid-tau
interaction,
neurodegeneration
need
to
be
addressed.
This
paper
summarizes
emerging
evidence
literature
regarding
link
between
microbiome
focus
on
Taxonomic
features
microbial
functional
alterations
biomarkers
are
main
points
reviewed.
Data
from
clinical
studies
determinants
particularly
emphasized.
Further,
relationships
age-dependent
epigenetic
other
neurological
disorders
described.
Together,
all
this
suggests
that,
sense,
can
seen
an
additional
hallmark
human
aging
neurodegeneration.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Март 17, 2021
The
human
gut
microbiome
is
a
huge
microbial
community
that
plays
an
irreplaceable
role
in
life.
With
the
further
development
of
research,
influence
intestinal
flora
on
diseases
has
been
gradually
excavated.
Gut
microbiota
(GM)
dysbiosis
adverse
health
effects
body
will
lead
to
variety
chronic
diseases.
underlying
mechanisms
GM
are
incredibly
complicated.
This
review
focuses
regulation
and
mechanism
neurodegenerative
diseases,
cardiovascular
metabolic
gastrointestinal
thus
providing
potential
target
for
prevention
treatment
disease.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Март 24, 2020
Background
Several
studies
suggested
an
important
role
of
the
gut
microbiota
in
pathophysiology
neurological
disorders,
implying
that
alteration
might
serve
as
a
treatment
strategy.
Fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
is
currently
most
effective
intervention
and
accepted
for
recurrent
Clostridioioides
difficile
infections.
To
evaluate
indications
FMT
patients
with
we
summarized
available
literature
on
FMT.
In
addition,
provide
suggestions
future
directions.
Methods
July
2019,
five
main
databases
were
searched
case
descriptions
disorders
humans
or
animal
models.
ClinicalTrials.gov
website
was
consulted
registered
planned
ongoing
trials.
Results
Of
541
identified
studies,
34
included
analysis.
Clinical
trials
have
been
performed
autism
spectrum
disorder
showed
beneficial
effects
symptoms.
For
multiple
sclerosis
Parkinson's
disease,
several
positive
effect
FMT,
supported
by
some
reports
humans.
epilepsy,
Tourette
syndrome,
diabetic
neuropathy
but
evidence
restricted
to
limited
numbers
studies.
stroke,
Alzheimer's
disease
Guillain-Barré
syndrome
only
models
identified.
These
potential
healthy
donor
contrast,
one
study
model
stroke
increased
mortality
after
Whether
findings
from
can
be
confirmed
human
diseases
awaits
seen.
above
mentioned
are
ongoing,
well
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis.
Conclusions
Preliminary
suggests
may
promising
option
disorders.
However,
still
scanty
contrasting
results
observed.
Limited
while
experiments
conducted.
Large
double-blinded
randomized
controlled
needed
further
elucidate
Molecular Neurodegeneration,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2022
The
implication
of
gut
microbiota
in
the
control
brain
functions
health
and
disease
is
a
novel,
currently
emerging
concept.
Accumulating
data
suggest
that
exert
its
action
at
least
part
by
modulating
neuroinflammation.
Given
link
between
neuroinflammatory
changes
neuronal
activity,
it
plausible
may
affect
indirectly
impacting
microglia,
key
player
Indeed,
increasing
evidence
suggests
interplay
microglia
synaptic
dysfunction
involve
microbiota,
among
other
factors.
In
addition
to
these
indirect
microglia-dependent
actions
on
has
been
recently
recognized
could
also
activity
directly
stimulation
vagus
nerve.
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(3), С. 668 - 668
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2022
Gut
microbiota
is
emerging
as
a
key
regulator
of
many
disease
conditions
and
its
dysregulation
implicated
in
the
pathogenesis
several
gastrointestinal
extraintestinal
disorders.
More
recently,
gut
microbiome
alterations
have
been
linked
to
neurodegeneration
through
increasingly
defined
brain
axis,
opening
possibility
for
new
microbiota-based
therapeutic
options.
Although
studies
conducted
unravel
possible
relationship
between
Alzheimer’s
Disease
(AD)
progression,
diagnostic
potential
approaches
aiming
at
restoring
eubiosis
remain
be
fully
addressed.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
briefly
summarize
role
homeostasis
health
disease,
present
evidence
AD
patients.
Based
on
these
observations,
then
discuss
how
dysbiosis
might
exploited
tool
early
advanced
stages,
examine
prebiotics,
probiotics,
fecal
transplantation,
diets
complementary
interventions
thus
offering
insights
into
diagnosis
treatment
devastating
progressive
disease.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2020
Abstract
Background
Growing
evidence
has
shown
that
alterations
in
the
gut
microbiota
composition
were
associated
with
a
variety
of
neuropsychiatric
conditions.
However,
whether
such
associations
reflect
causality
remains
unknown.
We
aimed
to
reveal
causal
relationships
among
microbiota,
metabolites,
and
disorders
including
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
schizophrenia
(SCZ).
Methods
A
two-sample
bi-directional
Mendelian
randomization
analysis
was
performed
by
using
genetic
variants
from
genome-wide
association
studies
as
instrumental
variables
for
AD,
MDD,
SCZ,
respectively.
Results
found
suggestive
host-genetic-driven
increase
Blautia
(OR,
0.88;
95%CI,
0.79–0.99;
P
=
0.028)
elevated
γ-aminobutyric
acid
(GABA)
(0.96;
0.92–1.00;
0.034),
downstream
product
-dependent
arginine
metabolism,
lower
risk
AD.
Genetically
increased
Enterobacteriaceae
family
Enterobacteriales
order
potentially
higher
SCZ
(1.09;
1.00–1.18;
0.048),
while
Gammaproteobacteria
class
(0.90;
0.83–0.98;
0.011)
related
SCZ.
Gut
production
serotonin
an
(1.07;
1.00–1.15;
0.047).
Furthermore,
genetically
Bacilli
MDD
1.02–1.12;
0.010).
In
other
direction,
altered
composition.
Conclusions
These
data
first
time
provide
potential
links
between
microbiome
GABA
may
play
important
role
microbiota-host
crosstalk
AD
Further
investigations
understanding
underlying
mechanisms
are
required.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2021
Increasing
evidence
suggests
that
gut
dysbiosis
plays
vital
roles
in
a
variety
of
gut–brain
disorders,
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
However,
alterations
the
microbiota
well
their
correlations
with
cognitive
scores
and
host
immunity
have
remained
unclear
well-controlled
trials
on
Chinese
AD
patients.
In
this
study,
samples
from
100
patients,
71
age-
gender-matched,
cognitively
normal
controls
were
obtained
to
explore
structural
functional
fecal
targeting
V3–V4
region
16S
rRNA
gene
by
MiSeq
sequencing,
analyze
associations
clinical
characteristics.
Our
data
demonstrated
remarkably
reduction
bacterial
diversity
taxonomic
composition
Interestingly,
abundant
butyrate-producing
genera
Faecalibacterium
decreased
significantly,
where
was
positively
correlated
indicators
MMSE,
WAIS,
Barthel
On
contrary,
lactate-producing
genera,
Bifidobacterium
,
increased
prominently,
inversely
these
indicators.
This
shift
microbiota,
being
butyrate
producers
lactate
producers,
contributed
immune
disturbances
could
be
used
non-invasive
biomarkers
distinguish
Moreover,
several
predicted
modules,
including
biosynthesis
metabolism
fatty
acids,
altered
patients
utilized
bacteria
produce
immunomodulatory
metabolites.
study
established
results
suggest
potential
for
use
early,
diagnosis
AD,
personalized
treatment,
development
tailor-made
probiotics
designed
Aging,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(1), С. 477 - 496
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2022
Context:
Gut
dysbiosis
has
been
proposed
as
one
of
pathologies
in
patients
with
Alzheimerâs
disease
(AD)
spectrum.
Despite
such
enthusiasm,
the
relevant
results
remain
substantially
controversial.
Objective:
A
systematic
review
and
meta-analysis
were
performed
to
investigate
differences
gut
microbiota
(GM)
between
AD
spectrum
(including
mild
cognitive
impairment
[MCI]
AD)
healthy
controls
(HC).
Data
sources:
PubMed,
MEDLINE,
Scopus,
Cochrane
Library
from
January
2000
August
2021.
Eligibility
criteria
for
study
selection:
Observational
trials
pre-intervention
data
intervention
that
investigated
abundance
GM
HC.
extraction
synthesis:
Two
reviewers
independently
identified
articles,
extracted
data,
evaluated
risk
bias.
The
effect
sizes
by
a
random-effect,
inverse-variance
weighted
model.
effects
different
countries
clinical
stages
on
also
examined.
Results:
11
studies
consisting
378
HC
427
included
meta-analysis.
Patients
AD,
but
not
MCI,
showed
significantly
reduced
diversity
compared
We
found
more
Proteobacteria,
Bifidobacterium
Phascolarctobacterium,
less
Firmicutes,
Clostridiaceae,
Lachnospiraceae
Rikenellaceae
profiles
Alistipes
Bacteroides
differentially
affected
countries.
Finally,
when
considering
stage
moderator,
comparisons
Clostridiaceae
Phascolarctobacterium
large
sizes,
gradient
changes
MCI
stage.
Limitations:
inclusion
originating
only
China
U.S.
was
possible
limitation.
Conclusions:
demonstrated
altered
abundance,
which
mediated
stages.
Journal of Alzheimer s Disease,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
80(1), С. 299 - 310
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2021
Background:
Patients
with
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
have
gut
microbiome
alterations
compared
healthy
controls.
However,
previous
studies
often
assess
AD
patients
who
been
on
medications
or
other
interventions
for
the
disease.
Also,
simultaneous
determination
of
in
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI)
a
study
is
rare.
Objective:
To
determine
whether
there
was
alteration
newly
diagnosed
MCI
and
degree
more
severe
than
MCI.
Methods:
Fecal
samples
18
AD,
20
MCI,
age-matched
controls
were
collected
morning
16S
ribosomal
RNA
sequencing.
No
patient
had
before
collected.
Results:
Although
no
difference
microbial
α-diversity
among
three
groups,
increased
β-diversity
decreased
Bacteroides,
Lachnospira,
Ruminiclostridium_9
Prevotella
at
genus
level
The
changing
direction
these
genera
same
as
AD.
Lachnospira
only
whose
abundance
statistically
significantly
lower
positively
associated
better
functions
whereas
contrary
when
subjects
all
groups
considered.
negative
correlation
remained
Conclusion:
dysbiosis
that
includes
decrease
potentially
protective
microbiome,
such
increase
can
promote
inflammation,
Prevotella.
Our
results
support
novel
idea
worsened
stage
from
to