Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024
Organic
fertilizer
substitution
is
an
effective
measure
for
increasing
both
the
quantity
and
quality
of
wheat
grain
while
reducing
chemical
input.
However,
effects
nitrogen
(N)
combined
with
organic
on
yield,
protein
content
plant
N
accumulation
translocation,
use
efficiency,
soil
fertility,
apparent
surplus
nitrate-N
residue
in
rain-fed
drought-prone
areas
remains
limited.
In
this
study,
field
experiments
were
conducted
over
four
consecutive
seasons
(2019-2023)
at
two
sites
treatments:
zero
application
(ZN),
farmer
(FN),
reduced
20%
FN
(RN),
substituting
RN
(OSN).
The
results
showed
that
compared
ZN
treatment,
FN,
OSN
treatments
increased
yield
its
components,
aboveground
anthesis
maturity
stages,
pre-anthesis
post-anthesis
accumulation,
fertility.
Compared
by
17.12%
15.03%,
3.31%
17.15%,
17.78%
15.58%,
harvest
index
2.63%
4.45%
averaged
across
years
sites,
respectively.
Moreover,
contents
matter,
total
N,
available
P
K
0-20
20-40
cm
layers,
decreased
0-100
cm,
pH
layer.
Fundamentally,
study
suggests
integrating
a
reduction
from
conventional
practices
utilization
to
replace
(OSN)
represents
strategy.
This
approach
shows
promise
enhancing
efficiency.
Additionally,
it
supports
improvement
fertility
simultaneously
residues
regions.
Abstract
Biochar
and
organic
fertilizer
are
widely
supported
to
maintain
crop
production
sustainable
development
of
agroecosystems.
However,
it
is
unclear
how
biochar
alone
or
in
combination
regulate
soil
functional
microbiomes
their
relationships
ecosystem
multifunctionality
(EMF).
Herein,
a
long-term
(started
2013)
field
experiment,
containing
five
fertilization
treatments,
was
employed
explore
the
effects
applications
on
EMF
(based
18
indicators
productivity,
nutrient
supply,
element
cycling,
microbial
biomass)
bulk
rhizosphere
[normalizing
abundances
64
genes
related
carbon
(C),
nitrogen
(N),
phosphorus
(P),
sulphur
(S)
cycles].
Compared
with
single-chemical
fertilization,
inputs
significantly
enhanced
most
ecosystem-single
functions
and,
particular,
increased
by
18.7–30.1%;
taxa
C-N-P-S
cycles
varying
degree.
The
combined
application
showed
better
improvement
these
compared
using
them
individually.
Most
populations
soil,
especially
involved
C
degradation,
nitrification,
nitrate-reduction,
P
mineralization,
S
cycling
positive
associations
at
different
threshold
levels,
which
ultimately
regulated
pH
availability.
These
results
highlight
strong
links
between
agroecosystem
functions,
as
well
providing
scientific
support
for
inclusion
agricultural
services
amendments.
Graphical
Geoderma,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
430, С. 116340 - 116340
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
The
negative
environmental
impacts
of
chemical
fertilizers
have
been
recognized
for
a
long
time,
and
the
returning
agricultural
residues
to
soil
is
considered
sustainable
practice.
However,
few
studies
focused
on
ecological
economic
benefits
simultaneously.
Using
16-year
field
experiment,
we
integrally
evaluated
compared
six
fertilization
practices.
treatments
included
no-fertilizer
control,
conventional
NPK
fertilization,
partial
substitutions
in
with
low
(30%)
or
high
(60%)
level
(straw
cattle
manure).
amount
N,
P
K
inputs
remained
constant
across
all
treatments,
but
source
differed.
Ecological
were
assessed
through
study
ecosystem
multifunctionality
co-occurrence
network
analysis
micro-food
web.
Our
results
showed
that
applications
increased
microbial
biomass
diversity,
complexity,
alone.
high-level
straw
substitution
treatment
supported
greatest
complexity.
Random
Forest
regression
revealed
fungal
diversity
important
biological
traits
associated
multifunctionality.
benefit
was
highest
when
manure
returned
soil,
lowest
crop
intermediate
Therefore,
return
provided
comprehensive
services.
findings
increase
understanding
relationships
between
effects
soil.
Geoderma,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
433, С. 116430 - 116430
Опубликована: Март 28, 2023
Increasing
the
resilience
of
plant
productivity
to
drought
is
crucial
for
provisioning
ecosystem
services.
Although
soil
organic
matter
(SOM)
promotes
growth,
whether
SOM
mitigates
aboveground
biomass
(AGB)
loss
due
in
alpine
grasslands
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
evaluated
link
between
AGB
and
across
209
grassland
sites
along
a
3,500-km
aridity
gradient
on
Tibetan
Plateau.
We
observed
that
decreased
response
increasing
severity
only
when
level
was
above
threshold
0.37.
further
found
stronger
positive
relationship
more
arid
conditions
than
less
ones,
with
an
abrupt
increase
beyond
0.64.
Our
results
confirm
alleviates
stress
AGB,
mainly
by
reducing
bulk
density,
fine
fraction
aggregates,
cation
exchange
capacity.
The
identified
thresholds
mechanisms
emphasise
importance
carbon
sequestration
strategies
production
climate
change
mitigation
areas.
