International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(8), С. 3915 - 3915
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025
Neurological
diseases,
including
neurodegenerative
disorders
and
stroke,
represent
significant
medical
challenges
due
to
their
complexity
the
limitations
of
current
treatment
approaches.
This
review
explores
potential
stem
cell
(SC)-derived
exosomes
(Exos)
as
a
transformative
therapeutic
strategy
for
these
diseases.
Exos,
especially
those
derived
from
SCs,
exhibit
natural
targeting
ability,
biocompatibility,
capacity
cross
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
making
them
ideal
vehicles
drug
delivery.
provides
an
in-depth
discussion
properties
advantages
SC-Exos.
It
highlights
synergistic
benefits
in
approaches
treat
neurological
article
discusses
mechanisms
action
SC-Exos,
highlighting
ability
target
specific
cells,
modulate
disease
pathways,
provide
controlled
release
agents.
Applications
have
been
investigated,
demonstrating
improve
outcomes
conditions
such
Alzheimer's
Disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
stroke.
Moreover,
Exos-coated
nanoparticles
(NPs)
combine
Exos
with
multifunctionality
NPs.
integration
takes
advantage
exosome
membrane
biocompatibility
capabilities
while
preserving
NPs'
beneficial
features,
loading
release.
As
result,
NPs
may
enhance
precision,
efficacy,
safety
interventions.
In
conclusion,
SC-Exos
promising
innovative
approach
treating
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
172, С. 116201 - 116201
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
The
treatment
of
glioblastoma
(GBM)
faces
significant
challenges
due
to
the
difficulty
delivering
drugs
through
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB).
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
have
emerged
as
potential
carriers
for
targeted
drug
delivery
brain
tumors.
However,
their
use
and
distribution
in
presence
an
intact
BBB
ability
target
GBM
tissue
are
still
under
investigation.
This
study
explored
EVs
targeting
across
BBB.
Canine
plasma
from
healthy
dogs
with
glioma
were
isolated,
characterized,
loaded
diagnostic
agents.
Biodistribution
studies
conducted
murine
models
a
novel
intranasal
model
that
preserved
integrity
while
initiating
early-stage
growth.
assessed
EVs'
contrast
agent
gadoteric
acid
intracranial
Imaging
techniques,
such
bioluminescence
MRI,
confirmed
capabilities
thus
revealing
selective
accumulation
canine
glioma-derived
physiological
conditions.
In
tumor,
MRI
experiments
demonstrated
accumulate
within
enhance
tumoral
mass,
even
when
is
maintained.
underscores
derived
glioblastoma.
showed
capacity
traverse
selectively
tumor.
Overall,
this
research
represents
foundation
application
autologous
precision
treatment,
addressing
challenge
penetration
specificity
cancer
therapy.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2023
Abstract
Microglia
play
a
pivotal
role
in
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
homeostasis,
acting
as
housekeepers
and
defenders
of
surrounding
environment.
These
cells
can
elicit
their
functions
by
shifting
into
two
main
phenotypes:
pro‐inflammatory
classical
phenotype,
M1,
anti‐inflammatory
alternative
M2.
Despite
CNS
microglia
phenotypes
influence
development
progression
several
disorders
such
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
multiple
ischemic
stroke,
traumatic
brain
injuries,
even
cancer.
It
is
thus
clear
that
possibility
modulating
activation
has
gained
attention
therapeutic
tool
against
many
pathologies.
Nanomaterials
are
an
unprecedented
for
manipulating
responses,
particular,
to
specifically
target
situ
immunomodulation
activity.
This
review
focuses
discussion
on
aspects:
analyzing
using
nanomaterials
stimulate
response
cancer
introducing
nanostructures
able
foster
treating
neurodegenerative
disorders.
The
final
aim
analysis
new
nano‐immunomodulators,
paving
way
innovative
effective
approaches
treatment
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Extracellular
particles
(EPs),
including
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
and
non-vesicular
(NVEPs),
are
multimolecular
biomaterials
released
by
cells
that
play
a
crucial
role
in
intercellular
communication.
Recently,
new
subtypes
of
EPs
associated
with
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
such
as
exophers
supermeres
have
been
identified.
These
provide
perspectives
for
understanding
the
pathological
progression
CNS
disorders
confer
potential
diagnostic
value
liquid
biopsies
neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs).
Moreover,
emerged
promising
drug
delivery
vehicles
targeted
platforms
CNS-specific
therapies.
In
this
review,
we
delineate
landscape
EP
their
roles
pathophysiology
diseases.
We
also
review
recent
advances
EP-based
diagnosis
NDs
highlight
importance
analytical
single-particle
resolution
exploitation
biomarkers.
Furthermore,
summarize
application
engineered
EVs
treatment
outline
underexplored
NVEPs
novel
therapeutic
agents.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nanosized,
membrane-bound
structures
that
have
emerged
as
promising
tools
for
drug
delivery,
especially
in
the
treatment
of
lysosomal
storage
disorders
(LSDs)
with
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
involvement.
This
review
highlights
unique
properties
EVs,
such
their
biocompatibility,
capacity
to
cross
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
and
potential
therapeutic
cargo
loading,
including
enzymes
genetic
material.
Current
therapies
LSDs,
like
enzyme
replacement
therapy
(ERT),
often
fail
address
neurological
symptoms
due
inability
BBB.
EVs
offer
a
viable
alternative,
allowing
targeted
delivery
CNS
improving
outcomes.
We
discuss
recent
advancements
engineering
modification
enhance
targeting,
circulation
time
stability,
provide
detailed
overview
application
Gaucher
Fabry
diseases,
Sanfilippo
syndrome.
Despite
potential,
challenges
remain
scaling
production,
ensuring
isolation
purity,
meeting
regulatory
requirements.
Future
developments
will
focus
on
overcoming
these
barriers,
paving
way
clinical
translation
EV-based
LSDs
other
disorders.
Biomaterials Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
This
review
summarizes
naïve
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
in
clinical
trials
for
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
diseases
and
updates
recent
translational
preclinical
research
on
EV-loaded
drugs
or
genes
CNS
treatments.
Journal of Periodontal Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
Periodontal
osseous
defects
are
mainly
caused
by
periodontitis,
which
seriously
affects
the
quality
of
patient
life.
Dental
pulp
cells
(DpCs)-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
can
effectively
promote
tissue
regeneration.
Homeobox
A9
(HOXA9)
mRNA
is
abundant
in
EVs
derived
from
DSCs,
may
be
related
to
promoting
alveolar
bone
regeneration,
but
specific
mechanism
unclear.
We
aimed
elucidate
through
HOXA9
DPCs-derived
impact
osteogenic
differentiation
periodontal
ligament
(PDLCs).
were
isolated
and
characterized
transmission
electron
microscopy
(TEM),
nanoparticle
tracking
analysis
(NTA),
western
blot.
Lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
was
employed
induce
inflammatory
environment.
Cell
viability
assessed
CCK8
assay.
Calcium
deposition
determined
Alizarin
red
staining.
H3K27ac
enrichment
FLI1
enhancer
region
interaction
between
C/EBPα,
HOXA9,
analyzed
ChIP
The
293T
dual
luciferase
reporter
gene
promoted
PDLC
osteogenesis
under
LPS
treatment
increased
expression
PDLCs.
knockdown
DPCs
reversed
effect
on
differentiation.
facilitating
competitively
binding
with
C/EBPα.
Moreover,
activating
PI3K/AKT
pathway
upregulating
FLI1.
Our
study
identified
a
previously
unknown
that
HOXA9/FLI1
signaling
axis
participates
processes
treat
injury.
research
presents
theoretical
basis
for
using
