Dietary Interventions, Supplements, and Plant-Derived Compounds for Adjunct Vitiligo Management: A Review of the Literature

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 357 - 357

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune pigmentation disorder shaped by complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers. While conventional therapies—phototherapy, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants—can be effective, their benefits are often partial temporary, with recurrence common once treatment stops. As such, there increasing interest in exploring complementary approaches that may offer more sustainable impact. Emerging evidence suggests macronutrient micronutrient-level changes could beneficial for managing progression and, some cases, facilitating repigmentation. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as apples, green tea, Indian gooseberry, onions, peppers, help mitigate oxidative stress, while inflammatory gluten high-phenol nuts berries, exacerbate the condition. Certain supplements, including high-dose vitamin D, C, E, selenium, enhance phototherapy outcomes. Omega-3 other unsaturated fatty acids, addition to prebiotics probiotics, under active investigation roles gut health immune regulation. Notably, plant-derived compounds, i.e., Ginkgo biloba, have demonstrated promise promoting repigmentation disease progression. However, it must emphasized these nutritional interventions remain exploratory, research needed establish efficacy, safety, optimal usage before they can recommended part standard regimen.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic Insights into the Stimulatory Effect of Melanogenesis of 4-Methylcoumarin Derivatives in B16F10 Melanoma Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(22), С. 12421 - 12421

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2024

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigment, resulting in white patches on various parts body. It occurs when melanocytes, cells that are responsible for producing destroyed or stop functioning. This study aimed to investigate melanogenic potential 4-methylcoumarin (4MC) derivatives, including 6-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6M-4MC), 7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (7M-4MC), 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (7A-4MC), 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DH-4MC), 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (7,8DH-4MC), and 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DM-4MC), B16F10 melanoma cells. Our findings revealed that, while 4MC, 7A-4MC, 6,7DH-4MC, 7,8DH-4MC did not exhibit any effect melanin production, significant stimulation melanogenesis was observed with 6M-4MC, 7M-4MC, 6,7DM-4MC, 6M-4MC demonstrating most pronounced effect. significantly stimulated production tyrosinase activity concentration-dependent manner A Western blot analysis increased expression levels microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), protein-2 (TRP-2). Further mechanistic studies showed inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein B (AKT), which led upregulation MITF TRP proteins subsequent activation synthesis. Additionally, activated GSK3β phosphorylation, reduced β-catenin via GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, primary irritation test conducted upper backs 32 healthy female volunteers assess sensitization from applied topically at concentrations 50 µM 100 µM. The results no adverse effects skin. Collectively, these suggest may be promising pigmentation stimulator use cosmetics medical treatment hypopigmentation disorders, particularly conditions such as vitiligo.

Язык: Английский

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Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Compound Glycyrrhizin Followed by Phototherapy for the Treatment of Progressive Vitiligo in Children

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 38(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Childhood vitiligo, distinct from its adult counterpart, presents unique treatment challenges. Glycyrrhizin inhibits the release of high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein keratinocytes, preventing melanocyte apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, orally administered compound glycyrrhizin (OCG) effectively treats various autoimmune disorders, demonstrating long‐term efficacy, safety, tolerability. This study compared efficacy OCG oral prednisone (OP), followed by phototherapy, in patients with progressive childhood vitiligo at 52 weeks' follow‐up. Fifty children were randomized into two groups according to treatment: (50–150 mg/day) phototherapy ( n = 25) OP (5–10 25). At Week 24, a halt disease progression (HDP) was observed 20 (80%) 21 (84%) group, no significant difference p > 0.99) . However, mean time achieve HDP significantly shorter than (14.73 ± 4.84 vs. 19.13 4.82 weeks; < 0.01). In addition, serum HMGB1 concentrations reduced after 24 (3.02 0.83 0.95 0.36 ng/mL [ 0.01]; OP, 2.79 0.16 1.03 0.34 0.01]). The decline Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) score end follow‐up (i.e., 52) did not show statistically between (52.31% 14.86% 55.71% 21.23%; 0.55). therapeutic response clinical markers good comparable groups. demonstrated similar controlling activity promoting repigmentation weeks Trial Registration: ChiCTR2400086844

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive Overview of Cytokine Interplay in Vitiligo: A Decade of Meta-Analyses Systematically Reviewed

Life, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 684 - 684

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

(1) Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by melanocyte destruction. Despite metabolic disturbances and oxidative stress also playing a key role in its pathogenesis, accumulating evidence highlights prominent for cytokine dysregulation. (2) Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify meta-analyses published the last decade that investigated involvement vitiligo. (3) Results: Based on predefined inclusion criteria, nine were retrieved reviewed. The findings confirm central interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) vitiligo although recent suggest IFN-γ gene polymorphisms are more broadly associated with autoimmunity rather than being vitiligo-specific. Elevated interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels have been consistently reported patients, supporting contribution immune-mediated Regulatory T cell dysfunction appears play crucial disease progression. Additionally, TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism has linked genetic susceptibility vitiligo, particularly specific populations, reinforcing of TNF-α immune Lastly, chemokines involved recruitment melanocytes further illustrate complex inflammatory network underlying disease. (4) Conclusions: This review consolidates from meta-analyses, underscoring significance dysregulation highlighting potential therapeutic targets.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of JAK Inhibitors in the Management of Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Dermatology and Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Vitiligo, a chronic skin disease affecting 1-2% of the global population, is associated with significant impairment in quality life. Current pharmacological treatment options have limited efficacy and considerable side effects. Recent studies shown promising results when using Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis). Despite these favourable findings, there remains critical need for comprehensive data on safety JAKi vitiligo. Three databases were searched patients vitiligo treated oral or topical JAKi, without conventional therapy. Placebo vehicle cream comparators randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes included 75% improvement Facial-Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI), mean Vitiligo (VASI) improvement, repigmentation percentage adverse events. We performed three analyses: one RCT data, from case reports novel cohort JAKi-treated reports. The protocol registered PROSPERO (CRD42023445503). Among 35 articles identified, 19 statistical analyses. A meta-analysis (RCTs) (JAKis) suggested that more likely to achieve Facial 75 (F-VASI75) than those (risk ratio (RR) 3.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-12.22), no difference events between groups (RR 1.27; CI 0.88-1.82). four single-arm showed 43.8% (95% 0.71-0.93). (n = 28) series revealed increases 48.7% 63.7% (p 0.0018; p < 0.001) alone narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB). However, insufficient determine if combination treatments superior alone. Our systematic review evaluated RCTs, While ruxolitinib but non-significant highlighted repigmentation, particularly JAKis combined other therapies. Oral effectiveness require caution due potential effects such as immune suppression cardiovascular risks. Furthermore, it important acknowledge proportion do not respond Additional RCTs are needed address long-term safety, optimise application strategies establish standardised endpoints

Язык: Английский

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Inflammatory skin diseases: The importance of immunological signatures

Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

The understanding and classification of inflammatory skin diseases is shifting from a historical-descriptive perspective to molecular-pathophysiological one based on immune response patterns. These are derived few key immunological mediators, each which induces its own characteristic clinical, histopathological, molecular patterns in the skin. This discussion definition information pertinent publications retrieved by selective literature search. A systematic search was also conducted treatment with specific biologic agents. described are: autoinflammation; type 1, cytotoxic; 2a, eczematous; 2b, blistering; 3, psoriasiform; 4a, fibrosing; 4b, granulomatous. Each signature can usually be treated targeted manner. In general, therapeutic target structure associated an adequate if only disease under has relevant type. Hardly any biomarkers currently available for determination routine clinical practice. their opens up prospect specifically immunotherapy pattern regardless entity. Targeting intended improve rates. Initial findings suggest that this strategy likely succeed.

Язык: Английский

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A randomized interventional study that compares treatments for vitiligo and anti-vitiligo cream

European Journal of Translational Myology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 26, 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination therapy, AVC (Anti-Vitiligo Cream), compared common treatments for vitiligo. A randomized interventional was conducted on 1,000 patients with confirmed vitiligo, aged 7–70 years. Participants were divided into five groups (200 each): oral prednisolone, Tofacitinib, Ruxolitinib, and combined Tofacitinib. Outcomes assessed over two years using Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), patient satisfaction scores, clinical observations. AVC-based therapies (Groups 4 5) demonstrated superior other treatments. Group 5 (AVC + Tofacitinib) achieved highest outcomes, mean score 90 (IQR: 85–95) treatment significantly higher than 1 (p < 0.001). Regression analysis identified outcomes therapy type as significant predictors satisfaction. particularly in represents groundbreaking approach managing providing enhanced These findings support potential standard option.

Язык: Английский

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Potential future targeted therapies for the treatment of vitiligo: focus on phase 2 and 3

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Май 26, 2025

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, leading to depigmented patches on and mucous membranes. Its increasing prevalence impact patients' quality life highlight need for updated therapeutic strategies. This review discusses recent advances in understanding vitiligo pathogenesis, focusing genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, immune dysregulation-particularly role autoreactive CD8+ T cells inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ. The literature search included clinical trials emerging therapies. Novel approaches, including JAK inhibitors (e.g. povorcitinib, upadacitinib) monoclonal antibodies anifrolumab), are evaluated their efficacy safety based phase II III trial data. Targeted therapies that address mechanisms oxidative stress represent promising management may substantially improve patient outcomes near future.

Язык: Английский

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Hair follicle-derived melanocyte transplant as a promising treatment strategy for vitiligo

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2025

The global incidence of vitiligo has been increasing in recent years, imposing psychological distress and social pressure owing to its refractory recurrent nature. Traditional therapies often yield unsatisfactory outcomes, necessitating the development new, effective for vitiligo. In this study, we aimed evaluate whether transplantation hair follicle-derived melanocytes can restore pigmentation depigmented skin associated with We developed a method isolate culture melanocytes. identified at cellular, protein, gene levels established mouse model using melanoma/T regulatory cell exhaustion induction method. used WOOD's UV lamp, hematoxylin eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, L-DOPA Ferrous sulfate transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterize model. Subsequently, transplanted into dermabrasion. Finally, aforementioned methods determine could survive recolor after transplantation. successfully isolating culturing Immunofluorescence flow cytometry results indicated that cells expressed markers such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. staining revealed there was some melanin melanocytes, confirming were functional. Moreover, recapitulates key clinical features vitiligo, including epidermal depigmentation, CD8+/CD4 + T infiltration skin, melanocyte loss, reliably mimics human vitiligo-afflicted effectively recovered by Notably, color experimental group similar control group. immunohistochemistry presence group, while TEM confirmed functional Transplantation may serve more therapeutic strategy than currently available methods.

Язык: Английский

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Novas Perspectivas no Tratamento de Vitiligo: Terapias Emergentes e Novas Medicações

Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(4), С. 2042 - 2054

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

O tratamento por meio de terapias inovadoras para o vitiligo representa uma abordagem avançada lidar com essa condição dermatológica que pode afetar significativamente a autoestima e qualidade vida dos pacientes. Essas oferecem alternativas valiosas aqueles não respondem adequadamente aos tratamentos convencionais ou outras intervenções disponíveis. No entanto, escolha da terapia mais adequada é crucial, pois existem várias opções disponíveis, incluindo diferentes formulações regimes administração. Cada dessas tem seus próprios requisitos técnicos considerações clínicas, essencial examinar essas diferenças ajudar os profissionais saúde pacientes tomar decisões informadas. Ao explorar as vitiligo, importante considerar apenas eficácia em termos repigmentação pele, mas também fatores como segurança, tolerabilidade impacto na vida. Além disso, necessário avaliar desfecho geral após início terapia, adesão do paciente, efeitos colaterais satisfação tratamento. Essa avaliação abrangente fornecer insights valiosos sobre cotidiana no bem-estar Outro aspecto personalização tratamento, levando conta necessidades individuais preferências bem sua clínica específica. Isso envolver cuidadosa histórico médico suas expectativas relação ao seu estilo adotar centrada podem garantir escolhida atenda às específicas proporcione melhores resultados possíveis. Em resumo, estudo compreensão das são essenciais sucesso paciente. variedade fatores, desde até vida, informadas personalizadas, melhorando assim cuidado dermatológica.

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