The
long-term
use
of
film
mulching
and
conventional
chemical
fertilizers
in
semiarid
regions
has
resulted
soil
degradation
suboptimal
fertilizer
utilization,
necessitating
a
reevaluation
agricultural
practices
to
enhance
resource
utilization
efficiency
ensure
the
sustainability
dryland
crop
production.
We
conducted
five-year
study
(2017–2021)
Pengyang,
Ningxia,
China,
assess
impact
plastic
with
straw/biochar
addition
on
water
accumulation,
nitrogen
transport,
maize
yield.
experiment
had
six
treatments
[control
(N),
straw
(S),
biochar
(B),
(MN),
added
(MS)
(MB)].
undertook
comprehensive
assessment
2020–2021
two
growing
season
years.
(M)
carbon
(S
B)
input
improved
storage.
MB
treatment
significantly
decreased
NO3–-N
content
60–200
cm
layer
by
28.37%
compared
MN.
(B
MB)
increased
total
alkali-hydrolyzable
N
contents,
whereas
MS
plant
transportation
grain
contribution
rates
were
higher
under
(17.46%
29.84%)
(28.00%
31.69%)
than
MN,
respectively.
Straw
(S,
B,
MS,
efficiency,
recovery
yield,
average,
9.62%,
9.14%,
14.6%,
In
conclusion,
incorporating
straw-derived
biochar,
particular,
positively
mitigated
losses,
enhanced
yield
farmland
region.
Tobacco,
being
a
globally
cultivated
crop,
holds
significant
social
and
economic
importance.
Tobacco
plants
are
susceptible
to
the
adverse
effects
of
heavy
metals
(HMs),
particularly
cadmium
(Cd),
which
hinders
root
development,
disrupts
water
balance,
impedes
nutrient
absorption.
Higher
concentrations
HMs,
especially
Cd,
naturally
accumulate
in
tobacco
leaves
due
complex
interactions
within
plant–soil
continuum.
The
uptake
Cd
by
from
soil
is
influenced
several
factors,
including
type,
pH,
irrigation
quality,
chemical
composition
metal
involved.
Different
techniques,
such
as
bioremediation,
phytoremediation,
mycoremediation,
have
been
employed
tackle
issue
HMs.
use
biochar
offers
practical
solution
mitigate
this
problem.
With
its
large
surface
area
porous
nature,
can
effectively
alleviate
HMs
contamination.
Under
application,
adsorption
primarily
occurs
through
physical
adsorption,
where
ions
trapped
pores
biochar.
Additionally,
electrostatic
attraction,
negatively
charged
surfaces
attract
positively
ions,
another
major
mechanism
remediation
facilitated
In
review,
we
documented,
compiled,
interpreted
novel
recent
information
on
stress
explored
biochar’s
role
alleviating
toxicity.
By
providing
comprehensive
review
persistent
threat
posed
crops
exploring
potential
measure,
work
aims
enhance
our
understanding
contribute
development
sustainable
agricultural
practices.
Agricultural Water Management,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
294, С. 108722 - 108722
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Optimizing
water
and
nitrogen
(N)
utilization
to
enhance
crop
yields
under
resource
constraints
is
crucial.
Straw
its
biochar,
combined
with
N
fertilizer,
are
commonly
used
improve
soil
carbon
storage
growth.
However,
the
effects
of
straw
fertilizer
management
on
consumption,
root
shoot
characteristics,
uptake,
maize
productivity
remain
unclear.
To
address
this
knowledge
gap,
a
three-year
(2019–2021)
field
experiment
was
conducted
in
Northwest
China.
We
compared
two
incorporation
methods
[straw
(SI)
straw-derived
biochar
(BI)]
removal
(NI)
at
four
application
rates
[0
(N0),
225
(N225),
300
(N300),
375
kg
ha–1
(N375)].
Results
indicated
that
NI,
both
SI
BI
significantly
increased
grain
yield
(GY),
(WP)
(SI
<
BI;
P
0.05).
The
maximum
GYs
were
achieved
SIN300
BIN225,
respectively.
Notably,
SIN300,
BIN225
enhanced
GY
by
10.8%
5.8%
improved
WP
19.2%
9.9%
(P
This
improvement
mainly
attributed
consumption
after
tasseling
transpiration
(T)
evapotranspiration
(ET).
Furthermore,
resulted
distribution
shallow
layers
(0–0.3
m).
Under
roots
exhibited
longer,
thinner
deeper
profile,
minimizing
redundancy
enhancing
efficiency
absorption
during
reproductive
stage
maize.
In
contrast,
shorter,
thicker,
shallower
roots,
leading
reduced
shoot-root
ratio
12.2%
Based
normalization
fitting
curves,
(240
ha–1)
24.5%,
achieving
98.7%
for
drip-irrigated
(16.98
Mg
kg–1).
Overall,
these
findings
provide
novel
strategy
sustainable
arid
irrigation
agriculture
similar
ecosystems.
Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(9), С. 1496 - 1496
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024
Water
resource
shortage
and
unreasonable
application
of
nitrogen
(N)
fertilizer
have
been
problems
in
wheat
production
northern
China.
However,
the
interaction
effects
water
regimes
N
practices
on
root
growth,
grain
yield,
soil
water,
inorganic
changes
as
well
water-N
use
efficiency
are
still
unclear
under
drip
irrigation.
A
field
experiment
was
conducted
during
2020–2021
2021–2022
winter
(Triticum
aestivum)
growing
seasons.
In
this
study,
three
irrigation
schedules
(i.e.,
applied
up
to
80%
[D1],
75%
[D2],
70%
[D3]
soon
content
decreased
65%,
60%
or
55%
capacity)
two
at
base,
jointing,
booting
stages
were
90,
72,
48
kg
ha−1
[N1],
booting,
filling
40,
40
[N2],
respectively)
considered.
The
decease
amount
offset
by
increase
consumption.
addition,
significantly
interacted
with
NO3−–N
accumulation
(2021–2022),
NH4+–N
accumulation,
SPAD
value
(2020–2021),
stems
grains
maturity,
average
length
weight
density
flowering
stage.
Irrigation,
rather
than
practices,
affected
total
uptake,
crop
transformations
(NT),
contribution
NT
(NTPC),
productivity,
which,
for
these
seasons,
D2
increased
uptake
18.1%
(p
<
0.05),
39.4%
0.05)
N1
compared
D3.
Additionally,
highest
WUE
ANUE
found
2021–2022.
Heavy
caused
high
a
LAI;
further
analysis
proved
that
LAI
key
factor
affecting
positively
correlated
yield.
no
significant
difference
between
D1
found.
beneficial
prevent
leaching
efficiency,
biomass,
transformation
amount.
This
study
recommends
+
might
be
promising
system
manipulating
fertilization
sub-surface
systems
improve
yields
semi-arid
regions.
