Lichen Depsides and Tridepsides: Progress in Pharmacological Approaches

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1), С. 116 - 116

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2023

Depsides and tridepsides are secondary metabolites found in lichens. In the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest pharmacological activity of these compounds. This review aims to discuss research findings related biological effects mechanisms action lichen depsides tridepsides. The most studied compound is atranorin, followed by gyrophoric acid, diffractaic lecanoric acid. Antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities among investigated activities, mainly vitro studies, with occasional silico vivo studies. Clinical trials have not conducted using Therefore, future should focus on conducting more work clinical trials, as well evaluating other activities. Moreover, despite significant increase pharmacology tridepsides, many compounds which yet be (e.g., hiascic lassalic ovoic crustinic hypothamnolic acid).

Язык: Английский

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Lichen-Derived Diffractaic Acid Inhibited Dengue Virus Replication in a Cell-Based System

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(3), С. 974 - 974

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes 21,000 deaths annually. Depsides and depsidones of lichens have previously been reported to be antimicrobials. In this study, our objective was identify lichen-derived depsides as dengue virus inhibitors. The 18 Usnea baileyi, aciculifera, Parmotrema dilatatum, tsavoense were tested against serotype 2. Two one depsidone inhibited 2 without any apparent cytotoxicity. Diffractaic acid, barbatic Parmosidone C three active compounds further characterized for their efficacies (EC50), cytotoxicities (CC50), selectivity index (SI; CC50/EC50). Their EC50 (SI) values 2.43 ± 0.19 (20.59), 0.91 0.15 (13.33), 17.42 3.21 (8.95) μM, respectively. acid showed the highest index, similar also found in serotypes 1-4, Zika, chikungunya viruses. Cell-based studies revealed target mainly late stage with replication formation infectious particles. This report highlights diffractaic could become antiviral lead its indices ranged from 8.07 20.59 proposed at viral replication.

Язык: Английский

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Unassuming Lichens: Nature’s Hidden Antimicrobial Warriors

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 3136 - 3136

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

In a hidden corner of the Earth, an ongoing war is being waged: battle between lichens and microorganisms. Lichens, ancient unique symbiotic organisms, with their survival wisdom, are bursting vitality in extreme environments. Over 80% secondary metabolites not found other making lichen-derived compounds promising resource for development new drugs, particularly against drug-resistant microorganisms, due to distinctive chemical structures biological activities. This article aims explore depth lichen species exhibiting antimicrobial activity focus on such as divaricatic acid, usnic vulpinic salazinic rhizocarpic which demonstrate significant effects various resistant including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Candida albicans Meanwhile, this paper discusses potential applications challenges associated use medicine, agriculture, food industry, aiming elucidate these mysterious organisms researchers enthusiasts while promoting further research field antimicrobials.

Язык: Английский

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Lichen pectin-containing polysaccharide from Xanthoria elegans and its ability to effectively protect LX-2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 265, С. 130712 - 130712

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Edible lichens and its unique bioactives: A review of its pharmacological and food applications

Food and Humanity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1, С. 1598 - 1609

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Pleiotropic Potential of Evernia prunastri Extracts and Their Main Compounds Evernic Acid and Atranorin: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(1), С. 233 - 233

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2023

Evernia prunastri is a lichen widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Its biological properties still need to be discovered. Therefore, our paper focuses on studies of E. extracts, including its main metabolites evernic acid (EA) or atranorin (ATR). Phytochemical profiles using chromatographic analysis were confirmed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated vitro chemical tests and enzymatic cells-free tests, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reductase (GR), catalase (CAT). anti-inflammatory potential cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) hyaluronidase determined. neuroprotective acetylcholinesterase, (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase (Tyr) estimated. hypoglycemic also confirmed (α-glucosidase). Principal component performed determine relationship between extracts. inhibitory effect EA ATR COX-2 AChE, BChE, Tyr, α-glucosidase molecular docking techniques for (besides α-glucosidase). penetration from extracts through blood–brain barrier parallel artificial membrane permeability assay test. In conclusion, depending surroundings concentration, ATR, showed attractive pleiotropic properties, which should further investigated.

Язык: Английский

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Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterase enzymes by acetone extract of Bryoria capillaris (Ach.) Brodo & D.Hawksw.

International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(1), С. 105 - 112

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

In traditional medicine, people commonly consume Bryoria capillaris (BC) as flour and tea, particularly in Northeast Anatolia, where it is one of the most prevalent lichen species. This study aimed to obtain an acetone extract BC investigate its inhibitory effects on carbonic anhydrase (CA) I, CA II, acetylcholine esterase (AChE), butyrylcholine (BChE) enzymes. We determined IC50 values for each enzyme measure level inhibition. The I II were 8.77 μg/mL 7.56 μg/mL, respectively. Acetazolamide, a specific inhibitor, had 1.65 0.016 AChE BChE 7.96 8.58 Galantamine 4.68 16.07 BChE, These results indicate that has high potential provide new drug candidates all tested enzymes, BChE.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and phytoconstituents of lichen extracts with temperate and polar distribution

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical composition ethanolic extracts lichen species Placopsis contortuplicata, Ochrolechia frigida, and Umbilicaria antarctica, their antioxidant activity, enzymatic inhibition through in vitro molecular docking analysis. In total phenol content, FRAP, ORAC, DPPH assays, showed significant assays for pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, α-amylase enzymes, together with silico studies prediction pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity risks, intermolecular interactions compounds, evidenced inhibitory potential. A 13 compounds were identified by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS P. 18 O. 12 U. antarctica. This study contributes knowledge pool bioactive present lichens temperate polar distribution biological characteristics that increase interest discovery natural products offer alternatives treatment diseases related oxidative stress metabolic syndrome.

Язык: Английский

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Lichens

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024

Lichen species have been one of the interesting organisms in bioprospecting for new anticancer agents. More than 18,500 lichens identified their taxonomical status, and around 1000 exerted secondary metabolites unequivocally characterized identified. The traditional medicinal knowledge lichen is depicted use as a medicament reflected tincture botanical form, i.e. islandica tincture. development biodiscovery led to investigation with positive outcomes based on vitro vivo tests well crude single compound investigation. Several notable include depside, depsidone, quinone, xanthone, dibenzofuran, diketopiperazine, terpenoids. In addition, atranorin, barbatic acid, diffractaic hypostictic physciosporin, salazinic usnic acid underwent animal testing drug property evaluation. reducing cytotoxicity normal cells remains challenging task discovery general lichen-based natural products.

Язык: Английский

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Antibacterial mechanism of the methanol extract of Thamnolia subuliformis (Ehrh.) W. Culb against Staphylococcus aureus

Letters in Applied Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 77(8)

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Thamnolia subuliformis (Ehrh.) W. Culb is a species of lichen with edible and medicinal applications in China. Our previous studies demonstrated that the methanol extract (METS) exhibits broad antibacterial activity stability against foodborne pathogens. This study aimed to investigate mechanism METS Staphylococcus aureus using nontargeted metabolomics, focusing on cell wall membrane damage. The results revealed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.625 mg ml-1 had good biosafety at this concentration. caused significant damage integrity, based both morphological observation by electron microscopy leakage alkaline phosphatase, protein, nucleic acid cultures. Treatment MIC disrupted lipid metabolism S. aureus, causing decrease various phospholipids sphingolipids an increase ratio saturated fatty acids unsaturated acids. Moreover, it influenced intracellular amino energy metabolism. These shed light while also serving as reference for further development natural compounds derived from subuliformis.

Язык: Английский

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