Biotic
stressors
pose
serious
threats
to
crop
yield,
jeopardizing
food
security
and
resulting
in
over
US$220
billion
per
year
losses
the
agriculture
industry.
Plants
activate
innate
defense
mechanisms
upon
pathogen
perception
invasion.
The
plant
immune
response
comprises
numerous
concerted
steps,
including
recognition
of
invading
pathogens,
signal
transduction,
activation
defensive
pathways.
However,
pathogens
have
evolved
various
structures
evade
immunity.
Given
these
facts,
genetic
improvements
plants
are
required
for
sustainable
disease
management
ensure
global
security.
Advanced
technologies
provided
new
opportunities
revolutionize
boost
resistance
against
devastating
pathogens.
Furthermore,
targeting
susceptibility
(S)
genes,
such
as
OsERF922
BnWRKY70,
through
CRISPR
methodologies
offers
novel
frontiers
disrupt
molecular
compatibility
introduce
durable
them
plants.
Here,
we
provide
a
critical
overview
advances
understanding
mechanisms.
review
also
critically
examines
strategies
under
challenging
environmental
conditions
R
gene-based
genome
engineering
systems
intending
enhance
responses
emerging
This
work
underscores
transformative
potential
modern
practices
revolutionizing
health
while
emphasizing
importance
responsible
application
resilient
agricultural
systems.
Cell,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
186(12), С. 2656 - 2671.e18
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023
Plant
roots
encounter
numerous
pathogenic
microbes
that
often
cause
devastating
diseases.
One
such
pathogen,
Plasmodiophora
brassicae
(Pb),
causes
clubroot
disease
and
severe
yield
losses
on
cruciferous
crops
worldwide.
Here,
we
report
the
isolation
characterization
of
WeiTsing
(WTS),
a
broad-spectrum
resistance
gene
from
Arabidopsis.
WTS
is
transcriptionally
activated
in
pericycle
upon
Pb
infection
to
prevent
pathogen
colonization
stele.
Brassica
napus
carrying
transgene
displayed
strong
Pb.
encodes
small
protein
localized
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER),
its
expression
plants
induces
immune
responses.
The
cryoelectron
microscopy
(cryo-EM)
structure
revealed
previously
unknown
pentameric
architecture
with
central
pore.
Electrophysiology
analyses
demonstrated
calcium-permeable
cation-selective
channel.
Structure-guided
mutagenesis
indicated
channel
activity
strictly
required
for
triggering
defenses.
findings
uncover
an
ion
analogous
resistosomes
triggers
signaling
pericycle.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(20), С. 13084 - 13097
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
In
the
current
work,
foliar
application
of
selenium
nanomaterials
(Se0
NMs)
suppressed
sheath
blight
in
rice
(Oryza
sativa).
The
beneficial
effects
were
nanoscale
specific
and
concentration
dependent.
Specifically,
amendment
5
mg/L
Se0
NMs
decreased
disease
severity
by
68.8%
Rhizoctonia
solani-infected
rice;
this
level
control
was
1.57-
2.20-fold
greater
than
that
Se
ions
with
equivalent
mass
a
commercially
available
pesticide
(Thifluzamide).
Mechanistically,
(1)
controlled
release
ability
enabled
wider
safe
range
bioavailability
to
NMs,
(2)
transcriptomic
metabolomic
analyses
demonstrated
simultaneously
promoted
salicylic
acid-
jasmonic-acid-dependent
acquired
resistance
pathways,
antioxidative
system,
flavonoid
biosynthesis.
Additionally,
improved
yield
31.1%,
increased
nutritional
quality
6.4–7.2%,
enhanced
organic
content
44.8%,
arsenic
cadmium
contents
38.7
42.1%,
respectively,
grains
as
compared
infected
controls.
Human
simulated
gastrointestinal
tract
model
results
showed
bioaccessibility
22.0%
As
Cd
20.3
13.4%,
respectively.
These
findings
demonstrate
can
serve
an
effective
sustainable
strategy
increase
food
security.
The Plant Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
118(6), С. 2249 - 2268
Опубликована: Март 2, 2024
SUMMARY
Melon
(
Cucumis
melo
L.),
being
under
intensive
domestication
and
selective
breeding,
displays
an
abundant
phenotypic
diversity.
Wild
germplasm
with
tolerance
to
stress
represents
untapped
genetic
resource
for
discovery
of
disease‐resistance
genes.
To
comprehensively
characterize
resistance
genes
in
melon,
we
generate
a
telomere‐to‐telomere
(T2T)
gap‐free
genome
wild
melon
accession
PI511890
C.
var.
chito
)
total
length
375.0
Mb
contig
N50
31.24
Mb.
The
complete
allows
us
dissect
architecture
identify
gene
analogs.
We
construct
pan‐NLRome
using
seven
genomes,
which
include
208
variable
18
core
nucleotide‐binding
leucine‐rich
repeat
receptors
(NLRs).
Multiple
disease‐related
transcriptome
analyses
indicate
that
most
up‐regulated
NLRs
induced
by
pathogens
are
shell
or
cloud
NLRs.
T2T
assembly
the
not
only
serve
as
essential
resources
genomic
studies
molecular
breeding
but
also
provide
insights
into
NLR
Current Opinion in Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
74, С. 102381 - 102381
Опубликована: Май 15, 2023
The
specific
recognition
of
pathogen
effectors
by
intracellular
nucleotide-binding
and
leucine-rich
repeat
domain
receptors
(NLRs)
is
an
important
component
plant
immunity.
Creating
NLRs
with
new
bespoke
specificities
a
major
goal
in
molecular
pathology
as
it
promises
to
provide
unlimited
resources
for
the
resistance
crops
against
diseases.
Recent
breakthrough
discoveries
on
structure
activity
begin
enable
their
knowledge-guided
engineering.
First,
studies
succeeded
extend
or
change
effector
modifying,
structure-guided
manner,
NLR
domains
that
directly
bind
effectors.
By
modifying
LRR
singleton
Sr35
unconventional
decoy
helper
RGA5
Pik-1,
detected
other
additional
were
created.
Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
51(4), С. 367 - 378
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
Messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
translation
consists
of
initiation,
elongation,
termination,
and
ribosome
recycling,
carried
out
by
the
machinery,
primarily
including
tRNAs,
ribosomes,
factors
(TrFs).
Translational
regulators
transduce
signals
growth
development,
as
well
biotic
abiotic
stresses,
to
where
global
or
selective
translational
control
occurs
modulate
mRNA
efficiency
(TrE).
As
basis
control,
machinery
directly
determines
quality
quantity
newly
synthesized
peptides
and,
ultimately,
cellular
adaption.
Thus,
regulating
availability
diverse
components
is
reviewed
central
strategy
control.
We
provide
classical
signaling
pathways
(e.g.,
integrated
stress
responses)
behaviors
liquid-liquid
phase
separation)
exemplify
this
within
different
physiological
contexts,
particularly
during
host-microbe
interactions.
With
new
technologies
developed,
further
understanding
will
speed
up
medicine
agriculture.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(8), С. 1089 - 1089
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2024
This
paper
focuses
on
the
creation
of
an
in
vitro
collection
grapevine
hybrids
from
breeding
program
Kazakh
Scientific
Research
Institute
Fruit
Growing
and
Viticulture
investigates
presence
Plasmopara
viticola
resistance
mediated
by
Rpv3
Rpv12
loci.
We
looked
at
optimization
establishment
using
either
shoots
taken
directly
field-grown
plants
or
budwood
cuttings
forced
indoors.
further
screened
for
endophyte
contamination
initiated
explants
optimized
multiplication
stage.
Finally,
loci
against
P.
was
studied.
The
field-sourced
were
more
effective
method
providing
plant
sources
initiation
once
all
accessions
met
goal
establishment.
concentration
phytohormones
acidity
culture
medium
have
a
great
effect
rate
quality
stock
cultures.
Out
17
accessions,
16
showed
single
combined
viticola.
identified
as
carrying
alleles
represent
important
genetic
resources
disease
programs.
These
may
contribute
to
new
elite
cultivars
economic
interest.
