Abstract
The
growing
presence
of
pharmaceutical
pollutants
in
aquatic
environments
poses
significant
threats
to
both
human
health
and
ecosystems.
Despite
their
crucial
role
healthcare,
pharmaceuticals
enter
water
systems
through
various
sources,
making
them
some
the
most
critical
environmental
contaminants.
Traditional
wastewater
treatments,
which
are
classified
into
physical,
chemical,
biological
techniques,
often
struggle
effectively
remove
pharmaceuticals.
Among
these
methods,
adsorption
stands
out
as
a
reliable
versatile
approach
for
removing
organic
enhancing
efficiency
treatment
processes.
Biopolymers,
particularly
chitosan,
gaining
attention
due
numerous
advantages,
including
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
affordability,
high
capability,
non‐toxicity,
availability
from
diverse
natural
sources.
Chitosan,
hydrophilic
biopolymer,
can
be
chemically
modified
by
incorporating
nanoparticles
(e.g.,
metal
oxides,
carbon‐based
materials,
magnetic
particles)
boost
its
efficiency.
These
advancements
enable
chitosan‐based
nanocomposites
range
pharmaceuticals,
antibiotics,
analgesics,
hormones,
water.
This
review
examines
latest
developments
nanocomposite
adsorbents,
emphasizing
fundamental
mechanisms,
optimization
conditions,
kinetic
behaviors,
isotherm
models.
factors
collectively
determine
capturing
pollutants.
Moreover,
underscores
potential
materials
remediation,
offering
valuable
insights
application
future
research
directions.
Ultimately,
aim
this
is
provide
insight
offer
an
innovative
effective
solution
challenge
contamination
By
addressing
key
challenges
utilizing
advanced
material
designs,
adsorbents
hold
great
promise
sustainable
efficient
removal
systems.
Journal of Renewable Energy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024, С. 1 - 35
Опубликована: Май 8, 2024
Energy
storage
is
a
more
sustainable
choice
to
meet
net-zero
carbon
foot
print
and
decarbonization
of
the
environment
in
pursuit
an
energy
independent
future,
green
transition,
uptake.
The
journey
reduced
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
increased
grid
stability
reliability,
improved
access
security
are
result
innovation
systems.
Renewable
sources
fundamentally
intermittent,
which
means
they
rely
on
availability
natural
resources
like
sun
wind
rather
than
continuously
producing
energy.
Due
its
ability
address
inherent
intermittency
renewable
sources,
manage
peak
demand,
enhance
make
it
possible
integrate
small-scale
systems
into
grid,
essential
for
continued
development
decentralization
generation.
Accordingly,
effective
system
has
been
prompted
by
demand
unlimited
supply
energy,
primarily
through
harnessing
solar,
chemical,
mechanical
Nonetheless,
order
achieve
transition
mitigate
climate
risks
resulting
from
use
fossil-based
fuels,
robust
necessary.
Herein,
need
better,
devices
such
as
batteries,
supercapacitors,
bio-batteries
critically
reviewed.
their
low
maintenance
needs,
supercapacitors
facilities,
most
notably
Moreover,
possess
charging
discharging
cycles,
high
power
density,
requirements,
extended
lifespan,
environmentally
friendly.
On
other
hand,
combining
aluminum
with
nonaqueous
charge
materials
conductive
polymers
each
material’s
unique
capabilities
could
be
crucial
batteries.
In
general,
density
key
component
battery
development,
scientists
constantly
developing
new
methods
technologies
existing
batteries
proficient
safe.
This
will
design
that
powerful
lighter
range
applications.
When
there
imbalance
between
(ESS)
offer
way
increasing
effectiveness
electrical
They
also
play
central
role
enhancing
reliability
excellence
networks
can
deployed
off-grid
localities.
