The complex link between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus — mechanisms and treatments

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 18(9), С. 599 - 612

Опубликована: Май 10, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss

BMC Endocrine Disorders, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 14, 2022

Abstract Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity worldwide, deleterious effects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming a growing challenge for public health. NAFLD is most common chronic in Western world. closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia persistent abnormalities function tests. In general denominer broad spectrum damage to liver, which can be due hepatocyte injury, inflammatory processes fibrosis. This normally seen on biopsy range from milder forms (steatosis) more severe (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis failure). these patients, fibrosis major predictor morbidity liver-related mortality, an accurate diagnosis NASH mandatory. Histologic evaluation remains gold standard diagnose NAFLD. Diagnosis defined as presence hepatic steatosis, ballooning lobular inflammation or without Weight loss, dietary modification, treatment underlying syndrome remain mainstays therapy once established. Dietary recommendations lifestyle interventions, weight established promising results but difficult maintain. Pioglitazone vitamin E recommended by guidelines selected patients. review gives overview its options.

Язык: Английский

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Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(1), С. 60 - 78

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(6)

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common condition that believed to affect >25% of adults worldwide. Unless specific testing done identify NAFLD, the typically silent until advanced and potentially irreversible impairment occurs. For this reason, majority patients with NAFLD are unaware having serious condition. Hepatic complications from include nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition these complications, a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which principal cause death in NAFLD. Accordingly, purpose scientific statement review underlying factors pathophysiology associations diagnostic screening strategies, potential interventions.

Язык: Английский

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NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6), С. 824 - 824

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes diseases worldwide. NAFLD growing in parallel with obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment available to treat NAFLD, specifically. The reason might be that a multi-factorial an incomplete understanding mechanisms involved, absence accurate and inexpensive imaging tools, lack adequate non-invasive biomarkers. consists accumulation excess lipids liver, causing lipotoxicity progress steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. for pathogenesis current interventions management disease, role sirtuins as potential targets are discussed here. In addition, diagnostic non-coding RNAs emerging biomarkers summarized. availability biomarkers, diagnosis tools crucial detection early signs progression NAFLD. This will expedite clinical trials validation therapeutic treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A patient guideline

JHEP Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(5), С. 100322 - 100322

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2021

This patient guideline is intended for all patients at risk of or living with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD the most frequent chronic worldwide and comes a high burden. Yet, there lot unawareness. Furthermore, many aspects are still to be unravelled, which has an important impact on information that given (or not) patients. Its management requires close interaction between their healthcare providers. It develop full understanding in order enable them take active role management. guide summarises current knowledge relevant its been developed by patients, representatives, clinicians scientists based scientific recommendations, support making informed decisions.

Язык: Английский

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a metabolic disease in humans: A literature review

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(5), С. 1069 - 1083

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2021

Abstract Aims To conduct a systematic literature review to identify recent epidemiological, biomarker, genetic and clinical evidence that expands our understanding of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as metabolic disorder. Materials Methods We performed search using PubMed trials, observational studies meta‐analyses published in the past 5 years. Results A total 95 publications met prespecified inclusion criteria reported on interplay between NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) dysfunction, terms burden and/or epidemiology (n = 10), pathophysiology, risk factors associated conditions 29), diagnosis biomarkers 34), treatment approaches 22). There is growing body links NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis mechanisms through lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrogenic remodelling within liver. The frequent co‐occurrence NAFLD with obesity, syndrome type 2 diabetes supports this premise. Therapeutic originally envisaged for or obesity (such glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors, sensitizers bariatric surgery) have shown promising signs benefit patients NAFLD/NASH. Conclusions Given complex there an urgent need multidisciplinary collaboration established protocols care are individualized ideally support reduction overall well NASH.

Язык: Английский

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Diet and exercise in NAFLD/NASH: Beyond the obvious

Liver International, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 41(10), С. 2249 - 2268

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021

Lifestyle represents the most relevant factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Although a tremendous body clinical and preclinical data on effectiveness dietary lifestyle interventions exist, complexity this topic makes firm evidence-based recommendations nutrition exercise in NAFLD difficult. The aim review is to guide readers through labyrinth recent scientific findings diet steatohepatitis (NASH), summarizing "obvious" holistic manner simultaneously highlighting stimulating aspects translational research "beyond obvious". Specifically, importance calorie restriction regardless composition evidence from low-carbohydrate diets target incidence severity are discussed. aspect ketogenesis-potentially achieved via intermittent restriction-seems be central these warranting further investigation. Interactions with gut microbiota individual genetic background need comprehensively understood order develop personalized concepts strategies patients NAFLD/NASH.

Язык: Английский

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Quantification of Liver Fat Content with Ultrasound: A WFUMB Position Paper

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 47(10), С. 2803 - 2820

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(13), С. 7280 - 7280

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global pandemic that affects one-quarter of the world’s population. NAFLD includes spectrum progressive from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis can be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. It strongly associated with metabolic syndromes, obesity, type 2 diabetes, it has been shown dysregulation central its pathogenesis. Recently, suggested metabolic- (dysfunction) (MAFLD) more appropriate term describe than NAFLD, which puts increased emphasis on important role dysfunction in There strong evidence mitochondrial plays significant development progression NAFLD. Impaired acid oxidation and, recently, reduction quality, have play major progression. In this review, we provide an overview our current understanding highlight how contributes pathogenesis both animal models human subjects. Further discuss modification function modulates targeting mitochondria promising new avenue for drug treat NAFLD/NASH.

Язык: Английский

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