Hormonal Control of Diapause

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2011, Номер unknown, С. 430 - 463

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2011

Язык: Английский

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Mosquito Diapause

Annual Review of Entomology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 59(1), С. 73 - 93

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2013

Diapause, a dominant feature in the life history of many mosquito species, offers mechanism for bridging unfavorable seasons both temperate and tropical environments serves to synchronize development within populations, thus directly affecting disease transmission cycles. The trait appears have evolved independently numerous times Culicidae, as exemplified by diverse developmental stages diapause closely related species. Its impact is pervasive, not only influencing arrested stage, but also frequently altering physiological processes before after diapause. How response can be molded evolutionarily critical understanding potential range expansions native newly introduced study hormonal regulation has focused primarily on adult diapause, with little current information available larval or intriguing maternal effects that regulate egg Recent quantitative locus, transcriptome, RNA interference studies hold promise interpreting complex suite genes subserve phenotype.

Язык: Английский

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Insulin signaling and the regulation of insect diapause

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 4

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2013

A rich chapter in the history of insect endocrinology has focused on hormonal control diapause, especially major roles played by juvenile hormones (JHs), ecdysteroids, and neuropeptides that govern JH ecdysteroid synthesis. More recently, experiments with adult diapause Drosophila melanogaster mosquito Culex pipiens, pupal flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis provide strong evidence insulin signaling is also an important component regulatory pathway leading to phenotype. Insects produce many different insulin-like peptides (ILPs), not all are involved response; ILP-1 appears be one most closely linked C. pipiens. Many steps from perception daylength (the primary environmental cue used program diapause) generation phenotype remain unknown, but role for upstream JH, as evidenced fact application exogenous can rescue effects knocking down expression or Insulin Receptor. Fat accumulation, enhancement stress tolerance, other features likely through action a key transcription factor, FOXO. This review highlights parallels regulator dauer formation nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Язык: Английский

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Insect Diapause

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Our highly seasonal world restricts insect activity to brief portions of the year. This feature necessitates a sophisticated interpretation changes and enactment mechanisms for bringing development halt then reinitiating it when inimical season is past. The dormant state diapause serves bridge unfavourable seasons, its timing provides powerful mechanism synchronizing development. book explores how signals are monitored used by insects enact specific molecular pathways that generate phenotype. broad perspective offered here scales from ecological thus comprehensive view this exciting vibrant research field, offering insights on topics ranging pest management, evolution, speciation, climate change disease transmission, human health, as well analogies with other forms invertebrate dormancy mammalian hibernation.

Язык: Английский

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Diapause and quiescence: dormancy mechanisms that contribute to the geographical expansion of mosquitoes and their evolutionary success

Parasites & Vectors, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2017

Mosquitoes are insects belonging to the order Diptera and family Culicidae. They distributed worldwide include approximately 3500 species, of which about 300 have medical veterinary importance. The evolutionary success mosquitoes, in both tropical temperate regions, is due various survival strategies these developed throughout their life histories. Of many adaptive mechanisms, diapause quiescence, two different types dormancy, likely contribute establishment, maintenance spread natural mosquito populations. This review seeks objectively coherently describe terms can be confused literature because phenotypic effects mechanisms often similar.

Язык: Английский

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Functional circadian clock genes are essential for the overwintering diapause of the Northern house mosquito,Culex pipiens

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 218(3), С. 412 - 422

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2015

The short day lengths of late summer are used to program the overwintering adult diapause (dormancy) Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens. Here, we investigated role clock genes in initiating this and asked whether circadian cycling gene expression persists during diapause. We provide evidence that major continue cycle throughout after has been terminated. RNA interference (RNAi) was knock down core then assess impact various on ability females enter RNAi directed against negative regulators (period, timeless cryptochrome2) caused were reared under diapause-inducing, conditions avert In contrast, knocking circadian-associated pigment dispersing factor diapause-averting, long a diapause-like state. Our results implicate initiation C.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary Links Between Circadian Clocks and Photoperiodic Diapause in Insects

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 53(1), С. 131 - 143

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2013

In this article, we explore links between circadian clocks and the clock involved in photoperiodic regulation of diapause insects. Classical resonance (Nanda–Hamner) night interruption (Bünsow) experiments suggest a basis for response nearly all insects that have been studied. Neuroanatomical studies reveal physical connections cells centers controlling response, both mutations knockdown genes with RNA interference (RNAi) point to connection induction diapause. We discuss challenges determining whether clock, as functioning module, or individual acting pleiotropically are responsible diapause, how stable, central could be linked plastic responses without compromising clock's essential functions. Although still lack an understanding exact mechanisms whereby measure day/night length, continued classical neuroanatomical approaches, well forward reverse genetic experiments, highly complementary should enable us decipher diverse ways which evolution The components vary among insect species, appears evolved independently numerous times, thus, anticipate not will interact same fashion.

Язык: Английский

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Circadian and Circalunar Clock Interactions in a Marine Annelid

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 5(1), С. 99 - 113

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2013

Язык: Английский

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Roles of circadian clock genes in insect photoperiodism

Entomological Science, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 16(1), С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2012

Abstract Functional involvement of a circadian clock in photoperiodism for measuring the length day or night had been proposed more than 70 years ago, and various physiological experiments have supported idea. However, molecular basis has remained veiled insects. Nevertheless, our knowledge functional elements governing rhythmicity advanced rapidly. Since both rhythms depend on daily cycles environmental changes, it is easy to assume that same are involved processes. Recently, RNA interference ( i) technique clarified machinery identical rhythmicity. Here, I review theoretical background photoperiodic responses incorporating clock(s) recent progress clockwork bean bug R iptortus pedestris other insect species. focused intense controversy regarding photoperiodism.

Язык: Английский

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Autonomous regulation of the insect gut by circadian genes acting downstream of juvenile hormone signaling

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 110(11), С. 4416 - 4421

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2013

In temperate regions, the shortening day length informs many insect species to prepare for winter by inducing diapause. The adult diapause of linden bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus , involves a reproductive arrest accompanied energy storage, reduction metabolic needs, and preparation withstand low temperatures. By contrast, nondiapause animals direct nutrient muscle activity reproduction. photoperiod-dependent switch from reproduction is systemically transmitted throughout organism juvenile hormone (JH). Here, we show that, at organ-autonomous level gut, decision between relies on an interaction JH signaling circadian clock genes acting independently daily cycle. receptor Methoprene-tolerant proteins Clock Cycle are all required in gut activate Par domain protein 1 gene during simultaneously suppress mammalian-type cryptochrome 2 that promotes program. A nonperiodic, feedback Cryptochrome then orchestrates expression downstream mark vs. states gut. These results hormonal through controls gut-specific independent oscillations but differs diapausing animals.

Язык: Английский

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