Parasites & Vectors,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Март 27, 2019
West
Nile
virus
(WNV)
is
a
mosquito-borne
that
mainly
transmitted
among
birds
by
Culex
pipiens
mosquitoes.
The
species
Cx.
consists
of
two
biotypes
named
and
molestus,
which
together
can
form
hybrids.
One
the
major
distinctions
between
their
overwintering
behaviour.
Adults
biotype
diapause
during
winter,
whereas
molestus
remains
actively
blood-feeding.
Diapausing
may
affect
survival
vector
competence
pipiens.
aims
this
study
were
therefore
to
identify
composition
diapausing
mosquitoes,
quantify
throughout
autumn
winter
months,
determine
effects
on
emerging
mosquitoes
for
WNV.Diapausing
collected
at
typical
locations
in
Netherlands.
A
selection
was
identified
using
real-time
PCR.
Survival
monitored
placing
cages
with
either
field-collected
or
laboratory-reared
females
houses
sheds.
Vector
(diapausing)
(non-diapausing)
determined
gain
insight
effect
WNV
transmission.The
majority
(92%)
as
More
than
70%
able
survive
more
four
months
sheds,
resulted
100%
mortality
same
period.
In
contrast,
non-diapausing
reared
laboratory
died
within
week
both
had
diapaused
comparable
mosquitoes.This
confirms
site
belongs
biotype.
It
shows
two-third
under
sheltered
conditions.
Finally,
emerge
from
sites
not
affected
relatively
old
age.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
112(44)
Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2015
The
Asian
tiger
mosquito,
Aedes
albopictus,
is
a
highly
successful
invasive
species
that
transmits
number
of
human
viral
diseases,
including
dengue
and
Chikungunya
fevers.
This
has
large
genome
with
significant
population-based
size
variation.
complete
sequence
was
determined
for
the
Foshan
strain,
an
established
laboratory
colony
derived
from
wild
mosquitoes
southeastern
China,
region
within
historical
range
origin
species.
comprises
1,967
Mb,
largest
mosquito
sequenced
to
date,
its
results
principally
abundance
repetitive
DNA
classes.
In
addition,
expansions
numbers
members
in
gene
families
involved
insecticide-resistance
mechanisms,
diapause,
sex
determination,
immunity,
olfaction
also
contribute
larger
size.
Portions
integrated
flavivirus-like
genomes
support
shared
evolutionary
history
association
these
viruses
their
vector.
repertory
may
adaptability
success
Ae.
albopictus
as
Our
highly
seasonal
world
restricts
insect
activity
to
brief
portions
of
the
year.
This
feature
necessitates
a
sophisticated
interpretation
changes
and
enactment
mechanisms
for
bringing
development
halt
then
reinitiating
it
when
inimical
season
is
past.
The
dormant
state
diapause
serves
bridge
unfavourable
seasons,
its
timing
provides
powerful
mechanism
synchronizing
development.
book
explores
how
signals
are
monitored
used
by
insects
enact
specific
molecular
pathways
that
generate
phenotype.
broad
perspective
offered
here
scales
from
ecological
thus
comprehensive
view
this
exciting
vibrant
research
field,
offering
insights
on
topics
ranging
pest
management,
evolution,
speciation,
climate
change
disease
transmission,
human
health,
as
well
analogies
with
other
forms
invertebrate
dormancy
mammalian
hibernation.
Parasites & Vectors,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2017
Mosquitoes
are
insects
belonging
to
the
order
Diptera
and
family
Culicidae.
They
distributed
worldwide
include
approximately
3500
species,
of
which
about
300
have
medical
veterinary
importance.
The
evolutionary
success
mosquitoes,
in
both
tropical
temperate
regions,
is
due
various
survival
strategies
these
developed
throughout
their
life
histories.
Of
many
adaptive
mechanisms,
diapause
quiescence,
two
different
types
dormancy,
likely
contribute
establishment,
maintenance
spread
natural
mosquito
populations.
This
review
seeks
objectively
coherently
describe
terms
can
be
confused
literature
because
phenotypic
effects
mechanisms
often
similar.
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
218(3), С. 412 - 422
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2015
The
short
day
lengths
of
late
summer
are
used
to
program
the
overwintering
adult
diapause
(dormancy)
Northern
house
mosquito,
Culex
pipiens.
Here,
we
investigated
role
clock
genes
in
initiating
this
and
asked
whether
circadian
cycling
gene
expression
persists
during
diapause.
We
provide
evidence
that
major
continue
cycle
throughout
after
has
been
terminated.
RNA
interference
(RNAi)
was
knock
down
core
then
assess
impact
various
on
ability
females
enter
RNAi
directed
against
negative
regulators
(period,
timeless
cryptochrome2)
caused
were
reared
under
diapause-inducing,
conditions
avert
In
contrast,
knocking
circadian-associated
pigment
dispersing
factor
diapause-averting,
long
a
diapause-like
state.
Our
results
implicate
initiation
C.
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
221(Suppl_1)
Опубликована: Март 7, 2018
ABSTRACT
Temperate,
polar
and
alpine
insects
generally
do
not
feed
over
winter
hence
must
manage
their
energy
stores
to
fuel
metabolism
meet
the
energetic
demands
of
development
reproduction
in
spring.
In
this
Review,
we
give
an
overview
accumulation,
use
conservation
fat
reserves
overwintering
discuss
ways
modify
fats
facilitate
selective
consumption
or
conservation.
Many
are
diapause
have
depressed
metabolic
rates
winter;
together
with
low
temperatures,
means
that
lipid
likely
be
consumed
predominantly
autumn
spring,
when
temperatures
higher
but
remain
dormant.
Although
there
is
ample
evidence
for
a
shift
towards
less-saturated
lipids
insects,
switches
between
carbohydrate
during
been
well-explored.
Insects
usually
accumulate
cryoprotectants
winter,
resulting
increase
haemolymph
viscosity
reduce
transport.
For
freeze-tolerant
(which
withstand
internal
ice),
speculate
impaired
oxygen
delivery
limits
oxidation
frozen.
Acetylated
triacylglycerols
liquid
at
interact
water
molecules,
providing
intriguing
possibilities
role
cryoprotection.
Similarly,
antifreeze
glycolipids
may
play
important
structuring
ice
overwintering.
We
also
touch
on
uncertain
non-esterified
fatty
acids
insect
conclusion,
component
energetics,
many
uncertainties
ripe
detailed
exploration.
