Assessment of UV radiation effects on airborne mucormycetes and bacterial populations in a hospital environment

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract Infections, such as mucormycosis, often result from inhaling sporangiospore present in the environment. Surprisingly, extent of airborne Mucormycetes concentrations remains inadequately explored. This study aimed to assess influence UV radiation on microbial populations and spore levels within a hospital environment northern Iran. A comprehensive dataset comprising 298 air samples collected both indoor outdoor settings was compiled. The culture conducted using Blood Agar Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol (DRBC) media, with included for fungal agents bacterial. Before treatment, average count ranged 0 26.4 ± 25.28 CFU m −3 , 2.24 3.22 117.24 27.6 bacterial 29.03 9.9 359.37 68.50 . Following irradiation, averages were follows: 7.85 6.8 16.58 4.79 154.98 28.35 0.38 0.65 43.92 6.50 study, notably marks pioneering use light mitigate counts northeastern Iran, contributing advancement environmental health safety practices settings.

Язык: Английский

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Role of ribosomal pathways and comorbidity in COVID-19: Insight from SARS-CoV-2 proteins and host proteins interaction network analysis

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(9), С. e29967 - e29967

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant global issue in terms of public health. While it is largely associated with respiratory complications, recent reports indicate that patients also experience neurological symptoms and other health issues. objective this study to examine the network protein-protein interactions (PPI) between SARS-CoV-2 proteins human host proteins, pinpoint central genes within implicated disease pathology, assess their viability as targets for drug development.The adopts network-based approach construct 29 interacting 2896 176 being identified all viral proteins. Gene ontology pathway analysis these revealed role biological processes such translation, mRNA splicing, ribosomal pathways. We further EEF2, RPS3, RPL9, RPS16, RPL11 top 5 most connected hub disease-causing network, among each other. These were found be involved pathways cytoplasmic translation. Further disease-gene interaction was prepared investigate disorders understand condition comorbidity patients. 13 molecules having genes, estradiol emerged potential target Our provides valuable insights using highlights molecular basis manifestation proposes repurposing.As continues evolve, anticipated investigating will remain critical area focus researchers globally, particularly addressing challenges posed by specific variants future.

Язык: Английский

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In-silico approaches for identification of compounds inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(4), С. e0284301 - e0284301

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023

The world has witnessed of many pandemic waves SARS-CoV-2. However, the incidence SARS-CoV-2 infection now declined but novel variant and responsible cases been observed globally. Most population received vaccinations, immune response against COVID-19 is not long-lasting, which may cause new outbreaks. A highly efficient pharmaceutical molecule desperately needed in these circumstances. In present study, a potent natural compound that could inhibit 3CL protease protein was found with computationally intensive search. This research approach based on physics-based principles machine-learning approach. Deep learning design applied to library compounds rank potential candidates. procedure screened 32,484 compounds, top five hits estimated pIC 50 were selected for molecular docking modeling. work identified two hit CMP4 CMP2, exhibited strong interaction using simulation. These demonstrated catalytic residues His41 Cys154 protease. Their calculated binding free energies MMGBSA compared those native inhibitor. Using steered dynamics, dissociation strength complexes sequentially determined. conclusion, comparative performance inhibitors as promising candidate. can be in-vitro experiment validation its inhibitory activity. Additionally, methods used identify sites enzyme target sites.

Язык: Английский

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Rhino-Orbital Cerebral Mucormycosis in a Patient With Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Май 4, 2022

Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and fatal fungal disease. Due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations adequate auxiliary examinations, patients are easily misdiagnosed in early stage. Early diagnosis timely therapy essential for successful treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Review on Mucormycosis: Pathogenesis, Epidemiology, Microbiology and Diagnosis

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Mucormycosis is a serious and invasive fungal infection caused by Mucorales fungi. This review article provides concise overview of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, microbiology, diagnosis mucormycosis. The introduction section highlights key microbiological properties pathogen delves into underlying mechanisms mucormycosis including invasion proliferation fungus within host. description disease focuses on epidemiology mucormycosis, its incidence, risk factors, geographical distribution. It also explores specific context about COVID-19 diabetes mellitus, highlighting increased susceptibility observed in individuals with these conditions. A case study illustrates clinical manifestations challenges associated emphasizing importance early detection. Additionally, discusses significance assessment, radiological imaging, tests for accurate timely detection infection. Regarding treatment, covers various therapeutic approaches, antifungal therapy, surgical interventions, management predisposing limitations treatment options are addressed. aims to provide comprehensive understanding equipping healthcare professionals valuable insights diagnostic strategies. By enhancing knowledge awareness this infection, can improve patient outcomes through appropriate management.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Treatment of Mucormycosis (Black Fungus): A Review

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(13), С. 1645 - 1656

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown an adverse effect worldwide, but in India, it been observed during the second wave that people who recovered from infection developed a secondary because grows tandem with treatment. Meanwhile, news of new deadly fungus surfaced known as Mucormycosis (Black fungus). is fungal invades blood vessels and caused by Mucormycetes, group fungi. Due to post-pandemic many bacterial diseases have affected population. reason behind frequent development opportunistic infections like mucormycosis use steroids, oxygen masks, antibiotics throughout treatment critically severely ill patients COVID-19. Inhaling filamentous fungi natural environment lack supportive care units can be risk factor for mucormycosis. It usually found are immunocompromised. more common HIV/AIDS, COVID-19, congenital bone marrow disease, viral diseases, malignancies, severe burns, irregularly or untreated treated diabetes. This review emphasizes triggers may precipitate related corticosteroids, recent epidemiology, incidence was diagnosed identified using variety cutting-edge medical techniques, including clinical diagnosis, histopathology, serology. Many methods, such antifungal medications therapies, also successfully used. mortality rate, however, remains high due aggressive surgical excision debridement early diagnosis.

Язык: Английский

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An extensive review on antifungal approaches in the treatment of mucormycosis

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 37(9)

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

During the period of COVID-19, occurrences mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients have increased significantly. Mucormycosis (black fungus) is a rare and rapidly progressing fungal infection associated with high mortality morbidity India as well globally. The causative agents for this are collectively called mucoromycetes which members order Mucorales. diagnosis needs to be performed soon occurrence clinical symptoms differs types Mucorales infection. Imaging techniques magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan, culture testing, microscopy approaches diagnosis. After confirmed, rapid action needed treatment form antifungal therapy surgery depending upon severity Delaying declines chances survival. In therapy, there two first-line (monotherapy) combination therapy. Amphotericin B (1) isavuconazole (2) drugs choice mucormycosis. Salvage posaconazole (3) deferasirox (4) another approach who not responsible any other Adjunctive also used along involves hyperbaric oxygen cytokine There some like VT-1161 (5) APX001A (6), Colistin, SCH 42427, PC1244 that under trials. Despite all these approaches, none can 100% successful giving results. Therefore, new medications favorable little side effects required

Язык: Английский

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A Rare Case of Empyema Complicated With Bronchopleural Fistula Secondary to Mucormycosis in a Young Immunocompromised Diabetic Patient With COVID-19

Cureus, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2022

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by the zygomycetes Mucor and Rhizopus. Most documented conditions risk factors that predispose to mucormycosis are uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), with or without ketoacidosis, hematological malignancies (HM), transplantation, immunosuppression, chronic sinusitis. Pulmonary empyema secondary in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected patients rarely documented. Here we present extremely rare case of pulmonary complicated bronchocutaneous fistula a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient setting acute COVID-19 infection.

Язык: Английский

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Is low dose of liposomal amphotericin B effective in management of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis? Our conclusions from Al-Mowassat University Hospital, Syria: a prospective observational study

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Abstract Background Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS) is a fatal infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although it rare disease, upsurge of AIFRS was noticed during the second wave COVID-19 disease. Early diagnosis management cornerstone for good outcomes. However, challengeable especially in developing countries due to limited resources prices antifungal agents. No previous studies have been conducted evaluate outcomes Syria. The purpose this study report results low doses liposomal amphotericin B our tertiary hospital Methods cases were followed through prospective observational between January 2021 July 2022. required medical data collected each individual. Three-month mortality rate studied. SPSS v.26 used perform statistical analysis. Pearson Chi-square test associations different variables Survival curves plotted by Kaplan–Meier compare survival probability. Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) Cox regression factors affecting within follow up period. Results Of 70 cases, 36 (51.4%) males 34 (48.6%) females. mean age patients 52.5 years old. most common underlying risk factor diabetes mellitus (84.3%). dose ranged 2–3 mg/kg per day. overall 3-month 35.7%. Significant association found following variables: Age, orbital involvement, stage, comorbidity. Conclusion close other studies. worse than comparable selected (older ages, involved orbits, advanced stages, chronic immunodeficiency). Therefore, could be less effective such are recommended.

Язык: Английский

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Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis and Its Surgical Sequelae: A Systematic Review of the Literature

OALib, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(05), С. 1 - 18

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Background: The aim of this systematic review literature is to know the characteristics patients with Covid-19 related mucormycosis, associated comorbidities as well use steroids in people Covid-19, site size and location substance loss caused by surgical debridement, contribution maxillofacial rehabilitation survivors.Methods: Using keywords, studies were selected from following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Science Direct Google Scholar, including publications 2019 until February 2022.They filtered title, abstract, full text.Results: Among 706 records identified databases, 28 considered relevant met eligibility criteria, 21 case reports 7 series.These included 69 a mean age 50.4 years, different countries.Conclusions: Despite limitations our review, we can conclude that mucormycosis an opportunistic deadly fungal illness uncontrolled diabetes individuals who are immunocompromised.Physicians should be conscious red flags such previous infection, particularly those hospitalized given high-flow oxygen therapy high-dose long-term steroids; metabolic diseases.

Язык: Английский

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