Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Advances in Therapeutic Strategies DOI
Naomi C. Zatarain-Barrón, Guillermo Raúl Vera-Duarte, Marilin Rosa

и другие.

Seminars in Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface, primarily affecting superior bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva. It predominantly occurs in middle-aged women associated with conditions, such as dry eye disease, thyroid graft-versus-host disease. Although its exact etiology remains unclear, mechanical microtrauma tear film instability are key contributing factors. Given relapsing-remitting nature, early diagnosis appropriate management essential to prevent discomfort visual disturbances. To provide comprehensive review pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, strategies for SLK, emphasizing latest advances medical surgical treatment. A literature was conducted analyze current evidence on mechanisms, treatment SLK. The therapeutic approaches were categorized into medical, mechanical, interventions, highlighting their indications, efficacy, limitations. Emerging treatments potential role SLK also evaluated. an often underdiagnosed yet significant surface that requires customized approach. focuses minimizing friction controlling inflammation. In mild cases, patients typically respond well lubricants mast cell stabilizers. For moderate may involve punctal occlusion immunomodulatory therapy. Severe or refractory cases can benefit from supratarsal corticosteroid injections, scleral lenses, interventions conjunctival resection thermal cauterization. While overall prognosis generally favorable, recurrence common. Therefore, long-term follow-up optimize outcomes reduce likelihood relapses.

Язык: Английский

Overview of Dry Eye Disease for Primary Care Physicians DOI Creative Commons
J.S. Kwon,

Amirhossein Moghtader,

Christie Kang

и другие.

Medicina, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 61(3), С. 460 - 460

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Dry eye disease (DED), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a multifactorial ocular characterized by tear film insufficiency due to diverse etiologies including aging, incomplete and infrequent blinking, hormonal changes, medications, systemic diseases. Classified into aqueous-deficient dry (ADDE), evaporative (EDE), mixed subtypes, DED presents with symptoms such irritation, stinging, redness, foreign body sensation, sensitivity light, blurred or fluctuating vision. While rare, severe cases may lead vision loss. With its rising global prevalence across age groups, poses significant public health challenge. Primary care physicians (PCPs), often the first point of contact for patients, require timely screening management strategies. This review explores epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, DED, emphasizing practical approaches PCPs. narrative was conducted searching MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar databases relevant articles. Diagnostic approaches, detailed history taking, patient-reported questionnaires, differential assessments are discussed alongside strategies, symptomatic ophthalmic treatment, risk factor mitigation (e.g., reduced digital device screen time), prevention, nutrition. By providing synopsis early that PCPs encounter, managing in primary setting, guidelines on when refer specialty care, this comprehensive aims equip knowledge improve optimize patient outcomes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Short-Term Changes in Tear Film Stability and Tear Volume Following the Application of Various DED Management Options in a Healthy Young Population DOI Open Access
Belén Sabucedo-Villamarin, Jacobo Garcia‐Queiruga,

Laura Cacabelos-Torres

и другие.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 173 - 173

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2025

Background: To determine short-term changes in tear film volume and stability after various treatments for dry eye disease healthy participants. Methods: 36 participants aged from 18 to 35 years were recruited a single-session examination randomly assigned one of three treatment groups (1:1:1 treatment, 1:1 eye): Group 1 (artificial tears 'Comfort Drops'), 2 (eyelid wipes 'Systane Lid Wipes'), 3 (ocular bath 'Acuaiss'). Tear Meniscus Height (TMH) was assessed at baseline, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 min, Non-Invasive Break-Up Time (NIBUT) all using the OCULUS Keratograph 5M by examiner. Results: Of initially participants, analyzed; excluded reflex tearing. (n = 12) showed significant TMH increase min compared 10 (Friedman, p 0.004; Bonferroni, ≤ 0.028). 5 baseline decrease against < 0.001; 0.034). 11) no over time 0.108). NIBUT differences any time-point group ≥ 0.231). Basal differed between (ANOVA, 0.048), but post hoc analysis found significance (Bonferroni, 0.088). No other time-points (Kruskal-Wallis/ANOVA, 0.265) or 0.108) found. Conclusions: In artificial ocular baths temporarily TMH, while eyelid do not. Neither has an immediate impact on NIBUT.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
How effective and safe are punctal plugs in treating dry eye disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI
Kuo-Su Chen,

Hoi-Chun Chan,

Chi-Ming Chan

и другие.

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102438 - 102438

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Advances in Therapeutic Strategies DOI
Naomi C. Zatarain-Barrón, Guillermo Raúl Vera-Duarte, Marilin Rosa

и другие.

Seminars in Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface, primarily affecting superior bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva. It predominantly occurs in middle-aged women associated with conditions, such as dry eye disease, thyroid graft-versus-host disease. Although its exact etiology remains unclear, mechanical microtrauma tear film instability are key contributing factors. Given relapsing-remitting nature, early diagnosis appropriate management essential to prevent discomfort visual disturbances. To provide comprehensive review pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, strategies for SLK, emphasizing latest advances medical surgical treatment. A literature was conducted analyze current evidence on mechanisms, treatment SLK. The therapeutic approaches were categorized into medical, mechanical, interventions, highlighting their indications, efficacy, limitations. Emerging treatments potential role SLK also evaluated. an often underdiagnosed yet significant surface that requires customized approach. focuses minimizing friction controlling inflammation. In mild cases, patients typically respond well lubricants mast cell stabilizers. For moderate may involve punctal occlusion immunomodulatory therapy. Severe or refractory cases can benefit from supratarsal corticosteroid injections, scleral lenses, interventions conjunctival resection thermal cauterization. While overall prognosis generally favorable, recurrence common. Therefore, long-term follow-up optimize outcomes reduce likelihood relapses.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0