Overview of Dry Eye Disease for Primary Care Physicians

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 460 - 460

Published: March 6, 2025

Dry eye disease (DED), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a multifactorial ocular characterized by tear film insufficiency due to diverse etiologies including aging, incomplete and infrequent blinking, hormonal changes, medications, systemic diseases. Classified into aqueous-deficient dry (ADDE), evaporative (EDE), mixed subtypes, DED presents with symptoms such irritation, stinging, redness, foreign body sensation, sensitivity light, blurred or fluctuating vision. While rare, severe cases may lead vision loss. With its rising global prevalence across age groups, poses significant public health challenge. Primary care physicians (PCPs), often the first point of contact for patients, require timely screening management strategies. This review explores epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, DED, emphasizing practical approaches PCPs. narrative was conducted searching MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar databases relevant articles. Diagnostic approaches, detailed history taking, patient-reported questionnaires, differential assessments are discussed alongside strategies, symptomatic ophthalmic treatment, risk factor mitigation (e.g., reduced digital device screen time), prevention, nutrition. By providing synopsis early that PCPs encounter, managing in primary setting, guidelines on when refer specialty care, this comprehensive aims equip knowledge improve optimize patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

Short-Term Changes in Tear Film Stability and Tear Volume Following the Application of Various DED Management Options in a Healthy Young Population

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 173 - 173

Published: April 27, 2025

Background: To determine short-term changes in tear film volume and stability after various treatments for dry eye disease healthy participants. Methods: 36 participants aged from 18 to 35 years were recruited a single-session examination randomly assigned one of three treatment groups (1:1:1 treatment, 1:1 eye): Group 1 (artificial tears ‘Comfort Drops’), 2 (eyelid wipes ‘Systane Lid Wipes’), 3 (ocular bath ‘Acuaiss’). Tear Meniscus Height (TMH) was assessed at baseline, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 min, Non-Invasive Break-Up Time (NIBUT) all using the OCULUS Keratograph 5M by examiner. Results: Of initially participants, analyzed; excluded reflex tearing. (n = 12) showed significant TMH increase min compared 10 (Friedman, p 0.004; Bonferroni, ≤ 0.028). 5 baseline decrease against < 0.001; 0.034). 11) no over time 0.108). NIBUT differences any time-point group ≥ 0.231). Basal differed between (ANOVA, 0.048), but post hoc analysis found significance (Bonferroni, 0.088). No other time-points (Kruskal–Wallis/ANOVA, 0.265) or 0.108) found. Conclusions: In artificial ocular baths temporarily TMH, while eyelid do not. Neither has an immediate impact on NIBUT.

Language: Английский