medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024
The
United
States
is
dealing
with
the
drug
overdose
crisis
that
has
intensified
over
past
decade
and
compounded
by
emergence
of
new
threats
particularly
xylazine,
a
veterinary
sedative
increasingly
found
in
illicit
supplies.
This
study
investigates
prevalence
xylazine
El
Paso,
Texas,
U.S.-Mexico
border
city
where
its
impact
remains
poorly
understood.
We
employed
wastewater
analysis
to
detect
examine
potential
correlation
fentanyl
use
14-month
period
(June
2023
July
2024).
Our
results
show
was
detected
samples
from
three
four
treatment
plants
serving
city.
heterogeneous,
highest
detection
rate
29%
observed
one
sewershed.
All
on
xylazine-positive
days
also
tested
positive
for
norfentanyl,
metabolite,
demonstrating
widespread
consumption.
Notably,
sewersheds
higher
exhibited
significantly
loads,
suggesting
community-level
association
between
two
substances
use.
provides
first
evidence
Texas
highlights
urgent
need
enhanced
monitoring
targeted
public
health
interventions
mitigate
growing
threat
communities
affected
opioid
crisis.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(19), С. 8239 - 8250
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Sequencing
human
viruses
in
wastewater
is
challenging
due
to
their
low
abundance
compared
the
total
microbial
background.
This
study
impact
of
four
virus
concentration/extraction
methods
(Innovaprep,
Nanotrap,
Promega,
and
Solids
extraction)
on
probe-capture
enrichment
for
followed
by
sequencing.
Different
yielded
distinct
profiles.
Innovaprep
ultrafiltration
(following
solids
removal)
had
highest
sequencing
sensitivity
richness,
resulting
successful
assembly
several
near-complete
genomes.
However,
it
was
less
sensitive
detecting
SARS-CoV-2
digital
polymerase
chain
reaction
(dPCR)
Promega
Nanotrap.
Across
all
preparation
methods,
astroviruses
polyomaviruses
were
most
highly
abundant
viruses,
rare.
These
findings
suggest
that
success
can
be
increased
using
reduce
nontarget
nucleic
acids
extract,
though
absolute
concentration
extracted
acid,
as
indicated
Qubit,
targeted
dPCR,
may
not
directly
related
performance.
Further,
broadly
panels
capture
viral
diversity
but
risks
losing
signals
specific
low-abundance
viruses.
Overall,
this
highlights
importance
aligning
wet
lab
bioinformatic
with
goals
when
employing
from
wastewater.
Small Structures,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025
To
effectively
address
crisis
emergence
of
new
virus
such
as
monkeypox,
a
collective
and
collaborative
effort
between
scientists,
engineers,
innovators,
artists
from
all
ages,
regions,
diverse
fields
is
required.
This
review
explores
holistic
approach
to
addressing
the
monkeypox
by
integrating
nanobiosensors,
artificial
intelligence,
visual
arts,
humanities,
social
sciences.
Traditional
diagnostic
methods
are
often
limited
time,
accessibility,
accuracy,
but
advancement
point‐of‐care
smart
nanobiosensors
offers
promising
shift
toward
rapid,
precise,
accessible
diagnostics.
They
enhance
ability
screen,
diagnose,
monitor
infections
efficiently,
contributing
better
disease
management.
Beyond
technological
innovation,
essential
role
sciences
in
fostering
public
engagement,
understanding,
acceptance
tools
emphasized.
Visual
arts
can
illustrate
scientific
concepts,
making
them
more
relatable,
while
storytelling
through
various
media
reduce
stigma
promote
preventive
measures.
Social
provide
insights
into
cultural
attitudes,
behaviors,
health
challenges,
ensuring
that
solutions
integrated
communities.
By
combining
these
disciplines,
this
presents
comprehensive
framework
for
resilient
global
system
aligns
with
One
Health
principles,
emphasizing
interconnectedness
human,
animal,
environmental
health.
Abstract
As
the
world
still
vividly
recalls
previous
monkeypox
(mpox)
outbreak
that
impacted
over
120
countries
worldwide
with
more
than
99,000
cases
in
2022,
we
are
now
facing
a
second
wave
of
infections
from
virus
(MPXV),
characterized
by
an
exponential
increase
cases.
The
current
2024
has
already
recorded
20,000
Africa,
marking
dramatic
escalation
compared
to
outbreaks.
predominance
newly
identified
clade
Ib
variant,
first
detected
Democratic
Republic
Congo
(DRC)
and
across
multiple
African
nations
beyond,
underscores
its
enhanced
transmissibility
potential
for
international
spread,
evidenced
Sweden
Thailand.
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
declared
on
August
14,
2024,
mpox
Public
Emergency
International
Concern
(PHEIC),
calling
heightened
global
public
health
measures.
ongoing
pattern
unusual,
frequent,
extensive
outbreaks
implications
poses
significant
questions.
This
review
addresses,
format
50
questions
answers,
outbreak,
detailing
characteristics,
epidemiological
data,
impact
It
comprehensively
explores
critical
related
MPXV
virological
immunological
response,
clinical
manifestations,
epidemiology,
diagnostics,
available
treatments.
also
documents
evolving
challenges
posed
highlighting
scale,
response.
Water Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
91(4), С. 333 - 343
Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025
ABSTRACT
This
study
explores
the
potential
of
sludge-based
monitoring
from
an
upflow
anaerobic
sludge
blanket
reactor
for
epidemiological
surveillance,
using
SARS-CoV-2
as
a
model.
We
monitored
copy
numbers
and
mutations,
compared
concentrations
in
to
wastewater
samples
taken
on
same
days.
From
January
August
2021,
32
were
analyzed;
30
(93%)
positive
SARS-CoV-2,
varied
0.147
2.314
copies
×106/L.
In
collected
days,
31
(96%)
ranged
0.058
3.014
The
concentration
rose
along
with
confirmed
hospitalization
cases
March,
while
2
weeks
earlier
new
cases.
Mutations
variants
concern,
Gamma
Delta,
identified
months
that
they
became
dominant
corresponding
regions.
Our
results
indicate
that,
although
sewage
was
not
effective
anticipating
infection
numbers,
it
is
promising
way
gain
insight
into
situation
city
or
region.
