Nobiletin and Eriodictyol Suppress Release of IL-1β, CXCL8, IL-6, and MMP-9 from LPS, SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, and Ochratoxin A-Stimulated Human Microglia DOI Open Access
Irene Tsilioni, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Theoharis C. Theoharides

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 636 - 636

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Neuroinflammation is involved in various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders which the activation of microglia one key factors. In this study, we examined anti-inflammatory effects flavonoids nobiletin (5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone) eriodictyol (3′,4′,5,7-tetraxydroxyflavanone) on human cell line stimulated by either lipopolysaccharide (LPS), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) full-length Spike protein (FL-Spike), or mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA). Human were preincubated with (10, 50, 100 µM) for h, following which, they 24 h. The inflammatory mediators interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) quantified culture supernatant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both significantly inhibited LPS, FL-Spike, OTA-stimulated release IL-1β, CXCL8, MMP-9 at 50 µM, while, most cases, was also effective 10 pronounced reductions µM. These findings suggest that both are potent inhibitors pathogen-stimulated microglial mediators, highlighting their potential therapeutic application neuroinflammatory diseases, such as long COVID.

Язык: Английский

Nobiletin and Eriodictyol Suppress Release of IL-1β, CXCL8, IL-6, and MMP-9 from LPS, SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, and Ochratoxin A-Stimulated Human Microglia DOI Open Access
Irene Tsilioni, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Theoharis C. Theoharides

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 636 - 636

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Neuroinflammation is involved in various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders which the activation of microglia one key factors. In this study, we examined anti-inflammatory effects flavonoids nobiletin (5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone) eriodictyol (3′,4′,5,7-tetraxydroxyflavanone) on human cell line stimulated by either lipopolysaccharide (LPS), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) full-length Spike protein (FL-Spike), or mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA). Human were preincubated with (10, 50, 100 µM) for h, following which, they 24 h. The inflammatory mediators interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) quantified culture supernatant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both significantly inhibited LPS, FL-Spike, OTA-stimulated release IL-1β, CXCL8, MMP-9 at 50 µM, while, most cases, was also effective 10 pronounced reductions µM. These findings suggest that both are potent inhibitors pathogen-stimulated microglial mediators, highlighting their potential therapeutic application neuroinflammatory diseases, such as long COVID.

Язык: Английский

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