Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen: Role in Biopsy for Precision Medicine

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 124(20), С. 11242 - 11347

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Biopsy, including tissue and liquid biopsy, offers comprehensive real-time physiological pathological information for disease detection, diagnosis, monitoring. Fluorescent probes are frequently selected to obtain adequate on processes in a rapid minimally invasive manner based their advantages biopsy. However, conventional fluorescent have been found show aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) properties, impeding greater progresses this area. Since the discovery of aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) promoted advancements molecular bionanomaterials owing unique high quantum yield (QY) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR),

Язык: Английский

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Immunoassay detection of multiphosphorylated tau proteoforms as cerebrospinal fluid and plasma Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Different forms of phosphorylated tau (p-tau) have shown strong potential as Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. We hypothesized that p-tau proteoforms simultaneously at two different sites may an increased diagnostic value compared with a single site. Here, we developed immunoassays detecting CSF plasma T181 T231 (p-tau181&231) T217 (p-tau217&231). Subsequently, measured p-tau181&231, p-tau217&231, p-tau181, p-tau217, p-tau231 levels cohorts across the AD continuum frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients (discovery n = 55, validation 118). CSF, but not plasma, p-tau181&231 were significantly elevated all groups vs. Neurological Disease Control group. Notably, p-tau217&231 consistently showed improved performance single-site phosphorylation assays – p-tau217 or p-tau231. The differences observed between measurements suggest matrix-specific protein processing, underscoring need for further research on dynamics pattern along continuum. Cerebrospinal distinct (p-tau181&231 p-tau217&231) provide high accuracy biomarkers. In similar was obtained only p-tau217&231.

Язык: Английский

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Fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis: from current to future applications

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44, С. 101009 - 101009

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory and degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. In last decade, landscape cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood biomarkers as potential key tools for MS diagnosis, prognosis treatment monitoring has evolved considerably, alongside magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CSF analysis not only to provide information on underlying immunopathology disease exclude differential diagnoses, but also predict risk future relapses disability accrual, guide therapeutic decisions thus improve patient outcomes. This Series article overviews biological framework current applicability MS, exploring their role in molecular characterisation disease. We discuss recent advances field neurochemistry that enabled detection brain-derived proteins blood, opening door much more efficient longitudinal monitoring. Furthermore, we identify challenges application a real-world setting, while offering recommendations harnessing full paraclinical management personalise treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review

Alcohol research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

PURPOSE:By 2040, 21.6% of Americans will be over age 65, and the population those older than 85 is estimated to reach 14.4 million.Although not causative, a risk factor for dementia: every 5 years beyond doubles; approximately one-third are diagnosed with dementia.As current alcohol consumption among adults significantly higher compared previous generations, pressing question whether drinking increases Alzheimer's disease or other forms dementia.SEARCH METHODS: Databases explored included PubMed, Web Science, ScienceDirect.To accomplish this narrative review on effects dementia risk, literature covered clinical diagnoses, epidemiology, neuropsychology, postmortem pathology, neuroimaging biomarkers, translational studies.Searches conducted between January 12 August 1, 2023, following terms combinations: "aging," "alcoholism," "alcohol use disorder (AUD)," "brain," "CNS," "dementia," "Wernicke," "Korsakoff," "Alzheimer," "vascular," "frontotemporal," "Lewy body," "clinical," "diagnosis," "epidemiology," "pathology," "autopsy," "postmortem," "histology," "cognitive," "motor," "neuropsychological," "magnetic resonance," "imaging," "PET," "ligand," "degeneration," "atrophy," "translational," "rodent," "rat," "mouse," "model," "amyloid," "neurofibrillary tangles," "α-synuclein," "presenilin."When relevant, "species" (i.e., "humans" "other animals") was selected as an additional filter.Review articles were avoided when possible.SEARCH RESULTS: The two "alcoholism" "aging" retrieved about 1,350 papers; adding phrases-for example, "postmortem" resonance"-limited number fewer 100 papers.Using traditional term, "dementia" resulted in 876 citations, but using currently accepted term (AUD)" produced only 87 papers.Similarly, whereas "Alzheimer's" yielded 318 results, returned 40 citations.As pertinent pathology papers published 1950s recent animal models created early 2000s, referenced span 1957 2024.In total, more 5,000 considered; 400 herein referenced.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Chronic misuse accelerates brain aging contributes cognitive impairments, including mnemonic domain.The consensus studies from multiple disciplines, however, that can increase dementia, necessarily disease.Key issues consider include reversibility damage abstinence chronic degenerative progressive course disease, characteristic presence protein inclusions brains people which absent AUD.

Язык: Английский

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Performance of plasma p-tau217 for the detection of amyloid-β positivity in a memory clinic cohort using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Plasma p-tau217 has emerged as the most promising blood-based marker (BBM) for detection of Alzheimer Disease (AD) pathology, yet few studies have evaluated plasma performance in memory clinic settings. We examined AD using a high-sensitivity immunoassay individuals undergoing diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP).

Язык: Английский

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Protein Oxidative Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Advances in Detection and Modelling to Their Use as Disease Biomarkers

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 681 - 681

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Oxidation–reduction post-translational modifications (redox-PTMs) are chemical alterations to amino acids of proteins. Redox-PTMs participate in the regulation protein conformation, localization and function, acting as signalling effectors that impact many essential biochemical processes cells. Crucially, dysregulation redox-PTMs proteins has been implicated pathophysiology numerous human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease. This review aims highlight current gaps knowledge field biology explore new methodological advances proteomics computational modelling will pave way for a better understanding role therapeutic potential diseases. Here, we summarize main types while providing examples their occurrence an overview state-of-the-art methods used detection. We novel approaches tools obtain insights into precise regulating structure function. also discuss complex crosstalk between various PTMs occur living Finally, argue could be future diagnosis prognosis biomarkers

Язык: Английский

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Performance of Fully-Automated High-Throughput Plasma Biomarker Assays for Alzheimer’s Disease in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Subjects

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Predicting Role of GFAP and UCH-L1 biomarkers in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a preliminary study to evaluate in the short-term their correlation with severity of bleeding and prognosis

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 126, С. 119 - 127

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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CSF biomarkers of B-cell activation in multiple sclerosis: a clinical perspective

Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 272(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Abstract The role of B cells in the pathophysiology multiple sclerosis (MS) extends beyond antibody synthesis, also involving modulation T lymphocytes and myeloid cells. B-cell activation within Central Nervous System is associated with release various antibodies, cytokines, chemokines, measurable biofluids, thereby serving as biomarkers immune processes responsible for MS. To this purpose, a biomarker-based characterization disease through combination well-established markers, e.g., immunoglobulin (Ig) G index, IgG oligoclonal bands, Ig free light chains, new promising namely chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand 13, activating factor/A proliferation-inducing ligand, might represent significant improvement management people

Язык: Английский

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