Open Forum Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(8)
Опубликована: Июль 13, 2024
Abstract
Background
and
Aims
Elucidating
whether
prior
dengue
potentially
confers
cross-protection
against
COVID-19
is
of
public
health
importance
in
tropical
countries
at
risk
overlapping
epidemics.
However,
studies
to
date
have
yielded
conflicting
results.
We
aimed
assess
effects
recent
infection
on
severity
subsequent
SARS-CoV-2
among
adult
Singaporeans.
Methods
A
retrospective
cohort
study
including
all
Singaporeans
aged
≥18
years
was
conducted
from
1
July
2021
through
31
October
2022,
when
a
outbreak
driven
by
the
DENV3
serotype
preceded
waves
Delta/Omicron
transmission
Singapore.
status
were
classified
using
national
registries.
Cox
regression
models
adjusted
for
demographics,
vaccination
status,
comorbidity,
socioeconomic-status
used
risks
(hospitalization,
severe
illness)
occurring
after
previous
recorded
infection.
Results
total
3
366
399
individuals
included,
contributing
696
530
person-days
observation.
13
434
infections
253
520
recorded;
with
an
average
94.7
days
(standard
deviation
=
83.8)
between
Preceding
associated
modest
increase
(adjusted
hazards
ratio
[aHR]
1.13;
95%
confidence
interval
[CI],
1.08–1.17),
significantly
elevated
hospitalization
(aHR
3.25;
CI,
2.78–3.82)
3.39;
2.29–5.03).
Conclusions
Increased
adverse
outcomes
observed
following
preceding
population-based
This
observation
significance
outbreaks.
Immunobiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
228(3), С. 152393 - 152393
Опубликована: Май 1, 2023
The
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
virus
was
identified
in
China
2019
as
the
causative
agent
of
COVID-19,
and
quickly
spread
throughout
world,
causing
over
7
million
deaths,
which
occurred
prior
to
introduction
first
vaccine.
In
following
discussion,
while
recognising
that
complement
is
just
one
many
players
we
focus
on
relationship
between
COVID-19
disease,
with
limited
digression
into
directly-related
areas
such
complement,
kinin
release,
coagulation.
Prior
outbreak,
an
important
role
for
diseases
had
been
established.
Subsequently,
multiple
investigations
patients
confirmed
dysregulation
likely
be
a
major
driver
disease
pathology,
some,
if
not
all,
patients.
These
data
fuelled
evaluation
complement-directed
therapeutic
agents
small
patient
cohorts,
claims
significant
beneficial
effect.
As
yet,
these
early
results
have
reflected
larger
clinical
trials,
posing
questions
who
treat,
appropriate
time
duration
treatment,
optimal
target
treatment.
While
control
pandemic
has
achieved
through
global
scientific
medical
effort
comprehend
etiology
extensive
SARS-CoV-2
testing
quarantine
measures,
vaccine
development,
improved
therapy,
possibly
aided
by
attenuation
dominant
strains,
it
yet
over.
this
review,
summarise
complement-relevant
literature,
emphasise
its
main
conclusions,
formulate
hypothesis
involvement
COVID-19.
Based
make
suggestions
how
any
future
outbreak
might
better
managed
order
minimise
impact
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(1), С. 74 - 74
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
Flaviviruses
are
a
diverse
group
of
viruses
primarily
transmitted
through
hematophagous
insects
like
mosquitoes
and
ticks.
Significant
expansion
in
the
geographic
range,
prevalence,
vectors
flavivirus
over
last
50
years
has
led
to
dramatic
increase
infections
that
can
manifest
as
hemorrhagic
fever
or
encephalitis,
leading
prolonged
morbidity
mortality.
Millions
every
year
pose
serious
threat
worldwide
public
health,
encouraging
scientists
develop
better
understanding
pathophysiology
immune
evasion
mechanisms
these
for
vaccine
development
antiviral
therapy.
Extensive
research
been
conducted
developing
effective
antivirals
flavivirus.
Various
approaches
have
extensively
utilized
clinical
trials
development,
targeting
virus
entry,
replication,
polyprotein
synthesis
processing,
egress
pathways
exploiting
well
host
proteins.
However,
date,
no
licensed
drug
exists
treat
diseases
caused
by
viruses.
Understanding
host-pathogen
interaction,
immunity,
viral
evasion,
disease
pathogenesis
is
highly
warranted
foster
antivirals.
This
review
provides
an
detailed
summary
most
recent
advances
drugs
combat
diseases.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(4), С. 1015 - 1015
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023
Antibody-dependent
enhancement
(ADE)
is
a
phenomenon
in
which
antibodies
produced
the
body
after
infection
or
vaccination
may
enhance
subsequent
viral
infections
vitro
and
vivo.
Although
rare,
symptoms
of
diseases
are
also
enhanced
by
ADE
following
This
thought
to
be
due
production
with
low
neutralizing
activity
that
bind
virus
facilitate
entry,
antigen-antibody
complexes
cause
airway
inflammation,
predominance
T-helper
2
cells
among
immune
system
leads
excessive
eosinophilic
tissue
infiltration.
Notably,
disease
different
phenomena
overlap.
In
this
article,
we
will
describe
three
types
ADE:
(1)
Fc
receptor
(FcR)-dependent
macrophages,
(2)
FcR-independent
other
cells,
(3)
FcR-dependent
cytokine
macrophages.
We
their
relationship
natural
infection,
discuss
possible
involvement
COVID-19
pathogenesis.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(7), С. 1240 - 1240
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023
Antibody
Dependent
Enhancement
(ADE)
of
an
infection
has
been
interest
in
the
investigation
many
viruses.
It
is
associated
with
severity
infection.
ADE
mediated
by
non-neutralizing
antibodies,
antibodies
at
sub-neutralizing
concentrations,
or
cross-reactive
antibodies.
Treatments
like
plasma
therapy,
B
cell
immunizations,
and
antibody
therapies
may
trigger
ADE.
seen
as
impediment
to
vaccine
development
well.
In
viruses
including
Dengue
virus
(DENV),
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
(SARS)
virus,
Middle
East
(MERS)
human
immunodeficiency
(HIV),
Ebola
Zika
influenza
likely
mechanisms
are
postulated
described.
improves
likelihood
productively
infecting
cells
that
expressing
complement
receptor
Fc
(FcR)
rather
than
viral
receptors.
occurs
when
FcR,
particularly
gamma
receptor,
and/or
system,
Complement
1q
(C1q),
allow
entry
virus-antibody
complex
into
cell.
Moreover,
alters
innate
immune
pathways
escape
from
lysis,
promoting
replication
inside
produces
particles.
This
review
discusses
involvement
FcR
downstream
immunomodulatory
ADE,
antiviral
signaling
modification
its
impact
on
facilitating
replication.
Additionally,
we
have
outlined
modes
cases
different
reported
until
now.
J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(2), С. 220 - 235
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023
Pharmacovigilance
databases
are
showing
evidence
of
injury
in
the
context
modified
COVID-19
mRNA
products.
According
to
recent
publications,
adverse
event
reports
linked
injections
largely
point
spike
protein
as
an
aetiological
agent
events,
but
we
propose
that
platform
itself
may
be
culpable.
To
assess
safety
current
and
future
vaccines,
further
analysis
is
needed
on
risks
due
itself,
not
specifically
expressed
antigen.
If
harm
can
exclusively
conclusively
attributed
protein,
then
it
possible
vaccines
expressing
other
antigens
will
safe.
harms
attributable
regardless
toxicity,
or
lack
thereof,
antigen
expressed,
inherently
unsafe,
pending
modification.
In
this
work,
examine
previous
studies
RNA-based
delivery
by
a
lipid
nanoparticle
(LNP)
break
down
elements
harm.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
96(5)
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024
Abstract
This
study
evaluated
the
potential
for
antibody‐dependent
enhancement
(ADE)
in
serum
samples
from
patients
exposed
to
Middle
East
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
(MERS‐CoV).
Furthermore,
we
effect
of
severe
acute
2
(SARS‐CoV‐2)
vaccination
on
ADE
individuals
with
a
MERS
infection
history.
We
performed
assay
sera
recovered
and
SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccinated
using
BHK
cells
expressing
FcgRIIa,
SARS‐CoV‐2,
MERS‐CoV
pseudoviruses
(PVs).
Further,
analyzed
association
IgG
levels
neutralization.
Out
16
patients,
nine
demonstrated
against
SARS‐CoV‐2
PV,
however,
none
PV.
out
seven
after
infection,
only
one
patient
(acutely
infected
MERS‐CoV)
showed
Further
analysis
indicated
that
IgG1,
IgG2,
IgG3
S1
RBD
subunits,
IgG1
IgG2
subunit,
neutralizing
activity
were
low
ADE‐positive
samples.
In
summary,
MERS‐CoV‐infected
exhibited
was
significantly
associated
antibodies.
Subsequent
exposure
resulted
diminished
while
PV
neutralization
broadly
reactive
antibody
response
some
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(5), С. 637 - 637
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025
The
Zika
virus
(ZIKV)
gained
prominence
as
a
significant
global
pathogen
after
the
2015–2016
outbreaks
associated
it
with
an
increase
in
neurological
complications
adults
and
congenital
malformations.
Different
mechanisms
have
been
proposed
by
which
ZIKV
may
cross
blood–brain
barrier
reach
central
nervous
system
to
cause
neuroinflammation.
Although
infection
triggers
robust
immune
response,
has
developed
different
strategies
escape
it.
Furthermore,
although
is
present
areas
cocirculation
of
other
pathogenic
agents,
few
studies
evaluated
cross-immune
reactions
coinfection
ZIKV.
Coinfections
viruses,
parasites,
bacteria
are
described.
Such
interactions
can
worsen
infections
alter
imposing
new
therapeutic
challenges
highlighting
need
for
more
field.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
various
aspects
biology,
focusing
on
impacts
coinfections.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(8), С. 942 - 942
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
Porcine
reproductive
and
respiratory
syndrome
virus
(PRRSV)
is
one
of
the
most
important
pathogens
in
pig
production
worldwide
responsible
for
enormous
economic
losses.
PRRSV
infection
gestating
gilts
sows
induces
failure.
Additionally,
distress
observed
infected
piglets
fattening
pigs,
resulting
growth
retardation
increased
mortality.
Importantly,
interferes
with
immunity
tract,
making
PRRSV-infected
pigs
more
susceptible
to
opportunistic
secondary
pathogens.
Despite
availability
commercial
vaccines
than
three
decades,
control
disease
remains
a
frustrating
challenging
task.
This
paper
provides
comprehensive
overview
PRRSV,
covering
its
history,
scientific
importance,
description
viral
structure
genetic
diversity.
It
explores
virus’s
pathogenesis,
including
cell
tropism,
entry,
replication,
stages
epidemiology.
reviews
porcine
innate
adaptative
immune
responses
comprehend
modulation
mechanisms
employed
by
PRRS
evasion.
Orf
virus
(ORFV)
has
been
demonstrated
to
infect
both
goat
non-immune
cells,
specifically
epithelial
and
blood
immune
cells.
Our
previous
studies
have
indicated
that
ORFV
gains
entry
into
cells
via
clathrin-mediated
endocytosis
macropinocytosis
pathways.
However,
the
pathway
by
which
enters
not
yet
elucidated.
findings
revealed
a
differential
viral
internalization
in
ORFV-infects
contrasting
pathways
potentially
involving
an
antibody-related
mechanism.
Therefore,
our
hypothesis
posits
antibody-dependent
enhancement
(ADE)
pathway.
experimental
confirm
presence
of
ADE
effect
ORFV-infected
mediated
Fc
receptors
(FcRs)
as
antibody-blocking
experiments.
Furthermore,
was
also
observed
Nevertheless,
found
be
dependent
on
interaction
between
virus-antibody
complex
receptors,
Instead,
it
is
suggested
alternative
mechanism
complement
factor
(CRs)
may
responsible.
Overall,
this
research
offers
insights
unique
infection
different
cell
types,
offering
novel
perspective
pathogenic
mechanisms
ORFV.