Plant Biotechnology Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
The
bioengineering
of
photorespiration
has
emerged
as
a
key
target
for
improving
photosynthesis
and
crop
yield.
In
our
previous
study,
two
photorespiratory
bypasses,
GOC
GCGT,
were
successfully
established
in
rice,
the
transgenic
plants
exhibited
increased
However,
reduced
seed-setting
rates
observed
both
GCGT
rice.
To
overcome
this
bottleneck,
we
introduced
bypass
into
potato,
potato
is
vegetatively
reproduced
without
need
pollination,
unlike
After
was
tested
field
experiments
at
different
locations
China
with
contrasting
climates.
Consequently,
yield
per
plant
by
21.3%-69.2%
potatoes
under
normal
growth
conditions
enhanced
12.9%-29.9%
adverse
environments.
acquired
more
stable
increase
than
Moreover,
advantages
high
light,
noticed
earlier
further
verified
study
through
various
because
obviously
higher
grown
northern
area
solar
radiation
those
south
relatively
lower
radiation.
Mechanistic
analyses
indicated
that
while
suppressed,
much
fewer
photosynthates
accumulated
potatoes.
These
results
demonstrate
increases
stably
well
show
promising
prospects
practical
application
yields,
particularly
high-light
conditions.
The Plant Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(10), С. 3944 - 3973
Опубликована: Май 3, 2024
Abstract
Improving
photosynthesis,
the
fundamental
process
by
which
plants
convert
light
energy
into
chemical
energy,
is
a
key
area
of
research
with
great
potential
for
enhancing
sustainable
agricultural
productivity
and
addressing
global
food
security
challenges.
This
perspective
delves
latest
advancements
approaches
aimed
at
optimizing
photosynthetic
efficiency.
Our
discussion
encompasses
entire
process,
beginning
harvesting
its
regulation
progressing
through
bottleneck
electron
transfer.
We
then
delve
carbon
reactions
focusing
on
strategies
targeting
enzymes
Calvin–Benson–Bassham
(CBB)
cycle.
Additionally,
we
explore
methods
to
increase
dioxide
(CO2)
concentration
near
Rubisco,
enzyme
responsible
first
step
CBB
cycle,
drawing
inspiration
from
various
organisms,
conclude
this
section
examining
ways
enhance
CO2
delivery
leaves.
Moving
beyond
individual
processes,
discuss
two
identifying
targets
photosynthesis
improvement:
systems
modeling
study
natural
variation.
Finally,
revisit
some
mentioned
above
provide
holistic
view
improvements,
analyzing
their
impact
nitrogen
use
efficiency
canopy
photosynthesis.
New Crops,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
1, С. 100021 - 100021
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
Stomata
are
tiny
pores
on
leaf
surfaces
essential
for
plant
transpiration
and
photosynthesis.
As
the
connecting
hub
between
atmosphere,
plants
soil,
stomata
play
a
significant
role
in
global
carbon
water
cycles.
The
shape
function
of
physically
constrained
by
stomatal
walls.
Compared
to
extensively
studied
genetic
mechanisms
development
guard
cell
signaling,
recent
progress
is
only
beginning
uncover
walls
dynamics.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
research
kidney-shaped
from
dicots
dumbbell-shaped
grasses.
dynamic
response
grass
closely
linked
its
anatomical
features
that
limited
walls,
discuss
potential
as
crucial
targets
crop
engineering
enhance
assimilation
use
efficiency.
Crop and Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(3), С. 123 - 137
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024
Many
efforts
have
been
made
to
enhance
rice
photosynthesis
for
higher
grain
yields,
although
such
knowledge
has
seldom
integrated
into
breeding
programs.
In
this
review,
I
first
address
the
limitations
and
challenges
of
theory
that
yield
is
controlled
by
photosynthesis,
a
concept
rooted
in
fact
carbon
forms
significant
part
plant
mass,
with
acting
as
fundamental
pathway
assimilation.
Subsequently,
discussion
covers
indices,
their
measurement
techniques,
establishing
correlations
between
indices
yields.
The
review
then
delves
recent
advancements,
including
leveraging
natural
variations,
enhancing
electron
transport
chain,
augmenting
efficiency
ribulose
bisphosphate
carboxylase/oxygenase
(Rubisco),
increasing
CO2
concentration
around
Rubisco,
initiatives
like
C4
project,
strategies
photorespiration
bypass,
non-leaf
contributions.
conclusion
emphasizes
future
research
directions
advocating
incorporation
within
broader
organismic
processes,
unraveling
complex
link
yield,
developing
efficient
direct
methods
phenotyping,
assessing
photosynthetic
performance
under
actual
field
conditions.
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
ABSTRACT
In
C
3
plants,
photorespiration
is
an
energy
expensive
pathway
that
competes
with
photosynthetic
CO
2
assimilation
and
releases
into
the
atmosphere,
potentially
reducing
plant
productivity
by
20%–50%.
Consequently,
flux
through
has
been
recognized
as
a
major
way
to
improve
crop
carbon
fixation
productivity.
While
current
research
efforts
in
engineering
are
mainly
based
on
modification
of
chloroplast
glycolate
metabolic
steps,
only
limited
studies
have
explored
optimizations
other
photorespiratory
steps.
Here,
we
engineered
imGS
bypass
within
rice
mitochondria
glycine
toward
betaine,
thereby,
improving
rice.
The
transgenic
plants
exhibited
significant
accumulation
reduced
photorespiration,
elevated
photosynthesis
photosynthate
levels.
Additionally,
introduction
leads
increase
number
branches
grains
per
panicle
which
may
be
related
cytokinin
gibberellin
signaling
pathways.
Taken
together,
these
results
suggest
diverting
mitochondrial
from
betaine
synthesis
can
effectively
enhance
architecture
rice,
offering
promising
strategy
for
developing
functional
bypasses
potential
Plant Cell & Environment,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
ABSTRACT
Leaf
colour
mutants
play
an
important
role
in
understanding
chlorophyll
metabolism
and
photosynthesis.
In
this
study,
we
characterised
a
temperature‐sensitive
yellow
leaf
cotton
mutant.
Genome
re‐sequencing
comparison
identified
10.327
Kb
deletion
on
the
D12
chromosome
(D12:670726‐681053)
The
region
contains
two
annotated
genes,
GH_D12G0047
GH_D12G0048
.
Investigations
integrating
gene
mapping,
comparative
transcriptome
analysis,
annotation,
virus‐induced
silencing
complementation,
found
of
or
GhSCY2D
,
crucial
constituent
Sec2
complex
essential
for
function
chloroplasts,
being
responsible
phenotype.
mutant
had
disrupted
chloroplast
structure
hindered
synthesis
when
temperature
was
below
28°C
but
regained
normal
green
at
32°C.
By
analysing
data
hormonal
level
changes
under
conditions
25°C
32°C,
it
that
jasmonic
acid
signalling
pathway
GhSCY2
work
concert
to
maintain
structural
integrity
chloroplasts.
outcomes
study
reveal
indispensable
sustaining
homoeostasis,
providing
new
insights
into
regulation
paving
way
advancement
high
photosynthetic
efficiency
breeding
strategies.
The Plant Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(10), С. 3974 - 3996
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
F-type
ATP
synthases
are
extensively
researched
protein
complexes
because
of
their
widespread
and
central
role
in
energy
metabolism.
Progress
structural
biology,
proteomics,
molecular
biology
has
also
greatly
advanced
our
understanding
the
catalytic
mechanism,
post-translational
modifications,
biogenesis
chloroplast
synthases.
Given
critical
light-driven
generation,
tailoring
activity
modeling
approaches
can
be
applied
to
modulate
photosynthesis.
In
future,
advances
genetic
manipulation
design
tools
will
significantly
expand
scope
for
testing
new
strategies
engineering
nanomotors.
