The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
47(4), С. 337 - 346
Опубликована: Май 1, 2014
Post-traumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
is
one
of
the
few
mental
disorders
in
which
cause
readily
identifiable.
In
this
article,
we
review
new
Diagnostic
and
Statistical
Manual
Mental
Disorders
(DSM-5)
diagnostic
criteria,
prevalence,
presentation
patients
with
PTSD
primary
care.
The
purpose
article
to
current
literature
regarding
theory,
etiology,
treatment
effectiveness.
Key
findings
terms
neurobiological
underpinnings
implications
for
future
are
discussed.
Recommendations
effective
psychotherapy
pharmacotherapy,
emerging
treatment,
management
issues
care
settings
offered.
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2018
Stress
is
recognized
as
an
important
issue
in
basic
and
clinical
neuroscience
research,
based
upon
the
founding
historical
studies
by
Walter
Canon
Hans
Selye
past
century,
when
concept
of
stress
emerged
a
biological
adaptive
perspective.
A
lot
research
after
that
period
has
expanded
knowledge
field.
Since
then,
it
was
discovered
response
to
stressful
stimuli
elaborated
triggered
the,
now
known,
system,
which
integrates
wide
diversity
brain
structures
that,
collectively,
are
able
detect
events
interpret
them
real
or
potential
threats.
However,
different
types
stressors
engage
networks,
requiring
fine-tuned
functional
neuroanatomical
processing.
This
integration
information
from
stressor
itself
may
result
rapid
activation
Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullar
(SAM)
axis
Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal
(HPA)
axis,
two
major
components
involved
response.
The
complexity
not
restricted
neuroanatomy
SAM
HPA
axes
mediators,
but
also
diverge
according
timing
duration
exposure,
well
its
short-
and/or
long-term
consequences.
identification
neuronal
circuits
stress,
their
interaction
with
mediator
molecules
over
time
critical,
only
for
understanding
physiological
responses,
understand
implications
on
mental
health.
Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
43(1), С. 7 - 25
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2017
Mindfulness-based
treatments
for
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
have
emerged
as
promising
adjunctive
or
alternative
intervention
approaches.
A
scoping
review
of
the
literature
on
PTSD
treatment
studies,
including
approaches
such
mindfulness-based
reduction,
cognitive
therapy
and
metta
mindfulness,
reveals
low
attrition
with
medium
to
large
effect
sizes.
We
convergence
between
neurobiological
models
neuroimaging
findings
in
mindfulness
literature,
where
interventions
may
target
emotional
under-
overmodulation,
both
which
are
critical
features
symptomatology.
Recent
emerging
work
indicates
that
also
be
effective
restoring
connectivity
large-scale
brain
networks
among
individuals
PTSD,
default
mode
network
central
executive
salience
networks.
Future
directions,
further
identification
mechanisms
patients
direct
comparison
these
first-line
discussed.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(2), С. 864 - 864
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024
Fear
extinction
is
a
phenomenon
that
involves
gradual
reduction
in
conditioned
fear
responses
through
repeated
exposure
to
fear-inducing
cues.
Functional
brain
connectivity
assessments,
such
as
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI),
provide
valuable
insights
into
how
regions
communicate
during
these
processes.
Stress,
ubiquitous
aspect
of
life,
influences
learning
and
by
changing
the
activity
amygdala,
prefrontal
cortex,
hippocampus,
leading
enhanced
and/or
impaired
extinction.
Glucocorticoid
receptors
(GRs)
are
key
stress
response
show
dual
function
regulation:
while
they
enhance
consolidation
memories,
also
facilitate
Accordingly,
GR
dysregulation
associated
with
anxiety
mood
disorders.
Recent
advancements
cognitive
neuroscience
underscore
need
for
comprehensive
understanding
integrates
perspectives
from
molecular,
cellular,
systems
levels.
In
particular,
neuropharmacology
provides
neurotransmitter
receptor
systems,
aiding
investigation
mechanisms
underlying
regulation
potential
therapeutic
targets.
A
notable
player
this
context
cortisol,
hormone,
which
significantly
both
memory
reconsolidation
Gaining
thorough
intricate
interactions
has
implications
terms
addressing
psychiatric
disorders
related
stress.
This
review
sheds
light
on
complex
between
processes,
emotions,
their
neural
bases.
endeavor,
our
aim
reshape
comprehension
fear,
stress,
emotional
well-being,
ultimately
development
interventions.
