Factors Associated With Mental Health Disorders Among University Students in France Confined During the COVID-19 Pandemic

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 3(10), С. e2025591 - e2025591

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2020

Importance

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and quarantine measures have raised concerns regarding their psychological effects on populations. Among the general population, university students appear to be particularly susceptible experiencing mental health problems.

Objectives

To measure prevalence of self-reported symptoms, identify associated factors, assess care seeking among who experienced COVID-19 in France.

Design, Setting, Participants

This survey study collected data from April 17 May 4, 2020, 69 054 living France during quarantine. All French universities were asked send an email asking them complete online questionnaire. targeted population was approximately 1 600 000 students.

Exposure

Living

Main Outcomes Measures

rates suicidal thoughts, severe distress, stress, anxiety, depression assessed using 22-item Impact Events Scale–Revised, 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, 20-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State subscale), 13-item Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Covariates sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators (ie, loss income or poor quality housing), health-related data, information social environment, media consumption. Data pertaining also collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses performed risk factors.

Results

A total completed (response rate, 4.3%). median (interquartile range) age 20 (18-22) years. sample mainly composed women (50 251 [72.8%]) first-year (32 424 [47.0%]). high level perceived depression, anxiety 11.4% (7891 students), 22.4% (15 463 24.7% (17 093 16.1% (11 133 27.5% (18 970 respectively, with 29 564 (42.8%) reporting at least outcome, whom 3675 (12.4%) reported seeing a professional. factors identified, outcome female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; 95% CI, 2.02-2.19;P < .001) nonbinary (OR, 3.57; 2.99-4.27;P .001), (loss income: OR, 1.28; 1.22-1.33;P .001; low-quality housing: 2.30; 2.06-2.57;P history psychiatric follow-up 3.28; 3.09-3.48;P symptoms compatible 1.55; 1.49-1.61;P isolation (weak sense integration: 3.63; 3.35-3.92;P low relations: 2.62; 2.49-2.75;P received 1.56; 1.49-1.64;P .001).

Conclusions Relevance

results this suggest issues quarantine, underlining need reinforce prevention, surveillance, access care.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Overview on Stress Neurobiology: Basic Concepts and Clinical Implications

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2018

Stress is recognized as an important issue in basic and clinical neuroscience research, based upon the founding historical studies by Walter Canon Hans Selye past century, when concept of stress emerged a biological adaptive perspective. A lot research after that period has expanded knowledge field. Since then, it was discovered response to stressful stimuli elaborated triggered the, now known, system, which integrates wide diversity brain structures that, collectively, are able detect events interpret them real or potential threats. However, different types stressors engage networks, requiring fine-tuned functional neuroanatomical processing. This integration information from stressor itself may result rapid activation Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullar (SAM) axis Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, two major components involved response. The complexity not restricted neuroanatomy SAM HPA axes mediators, but also diverge according timing duration exposure, well its short- and/or long-term consequences. identification neuronal circuits stress, their interaction with mediator molecules over time critical, only for understanding physiological responses, understand implications on mental health.

Язык: Английский

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PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers facing the three coronavirus outbreaks: What can we expect after the COVID-19 pandemic

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 292, С. 113312 - 113312

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2020

Язык: Английский

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International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2019

The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct genome-wide association study PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates 5-20%, varying by sex. Three significant loci are identified, 2 in European 1 African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified sex implicate 3 additional men. Along with other novel genes non-coding RNAs, Parkinson's disease gene involved dopamine regulation, PARK2, associated Finally, that polygenic for significantly predictive re-experiencing symptoms the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific did not replicate. These results role genetic variation biology highlight necessity conducting sex-stratified analyses expanding GWAS beyond ancestry populations.

Язык: Английский

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Consequences on Neurobiological, Psychosocial, and Somatic Conditions Across the Lifespan

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2018

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) such as sexual and physical abuse or neglect are frequent in constitute a massive stressor with long-lasting adverse effects on the brain, mental health. The aim of this qualitative review is to present concise overview literature impact ACE neurobiology, somatic health later adulthood. Methods: authors reviewed existing adulthood summarized results for overview. Results: In adulthood, history can result complex clinical profiles several co-occurring disorders posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, borderline personality obesity diabetes. Although general effect development neural alterations be assumed, role type timing particular interest terms prevention treatment ACE-related conditions. It has been suggested that during certain vulnerable developmental phases risk subsequent increased. Moreover, emerging evidence points sensitive periods specificity ACE-subtypes neurobiological alterations, e.g., volumetric functional changes amygdala hippocampus. Conclusion: Longitudinal studies needed investigate characteristics mechanisms relevant by integrating state art knowledge methods. By identifying validating psychosocial factors diagnostic markers one might improve innovative psychological options individuals suffering from disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Brain circuit dysfunction in post-traumatic stress disorder: from mouse to man

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 19(9), С. 535 - 551

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Mindfulness-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the treatment literature and neurobiological evidence

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 43(1), С. 7 - 25

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2017

Mindfulness-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have emerged as promising adjunctive or alternative intervention approaches. A scoping review of the literature on PTSD treatment studies, including approaches such mindfulness-based reduction, cognitive therapy and metta mindfulness, reveals low attrition with medium to large effect sizes. We convergence between neurobiological models neuroimaging findings in mindfulness literature, where interventions may target emotional under- overmodulation, both which are critical features symptomatology. Recent emerging work indicates that also be effective restoring connectivity large-scale brain networks among individuals PTSD, default mode network central executive salience networks. Future directions, further identification mechanisms patients direct comparison these first-line discussed.

Язык: Английский

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The neurobiology of emotion regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder: Amygdala downregulation via real‐time fMRI neurofeedback

Human Brain Mapping, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 38(1), С. 541 - 560

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2016

Amygdala dysregulation has been shown to be central the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) representing a critical treatment target. Here, amygdala downregulation was targeted using real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-nf) in patients with PTSD, allowing us examine further regulation emotional states during symptom provocation. Patients (n = 10) completed three sessions rt-fMRI-nf instruction downregulate activation amygdala, while viewing personalized trauma words. assessed by contrasting (a) regulate trials, (b) words and not attempting regulate. Training followed one transfer run involving neurofeedback. Generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) dynamic causal modeling (DCM) analyses were also computed explore task-based functional connectivity structure, respectively. It found that PTSD able successfully both right left activation, showing sustained effects within run. Increased dorsolateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), regions related emotion regulation, observed as compared view conditions. Importantly, PFC, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, negatively correlated dissociative symptoms between amygdala- dorsomedial PFC regulate, conditions training. Finally, our DCM analysis exploring directional structure suggested involves top-down bottom-up information flow regard PFC-amygdala connectivity. This is first demonstration successful which critically subsequent without neurofeedback, corresponded increased involved intervention. Hum Brain Mapp 38:541-560, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Язык: Английский

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Current Status of Animal Models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Behavioral and Biological Phenotypes, and Future Challenges in Improving Translation

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 83(10), С. 895 - 907

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Integrating Endocannabinoid Signaling and Cannabinoids into the Biology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 43(1), С. 80 - 102

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2017

Язык: Английский

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