Advances in Genomics and Genetics,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
unknown, С. 131 - 131
Опубликована: Март 1, 2015
Eating
disorders
(EDs)
are
serious
psychiatric
conditions
influenced
by
biological,
psychological,
and
sociocultural
factors.
A
better
understanding
of
the
genetics
these
complex
traits
development
more
sophisticated
molecular
biology
tools
have
advanced
our
etiology
EDs.
The
aim
this
review
is
to
critically
evaluate
literature
on
genetic
research
conducted
three
major
EDs:
anorexia
nervosa
(AN),
bulimia
(BN),
binge
eating
disorder
(BED).
We
will
first
diagnostic
criteria,
clinical
features,
prevalence,
prognosis
AN,
BN,
BED,
followed
a
family,
twin,
adoption
studies.
then
history
studies
EDs
covering
linkage
analysis,
candidate
gene
association
studies,
genome-wide
study
rare
variants
in
Our
also
incorporates
translational
perspective
animal
models
ED-related
phenotypes.
Finally,
we
nascent
field
epigenetics
look
forward
future
directions
for
ED
research.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
149, С. 150 - 190
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2014
Pathological
fear
and
anxiety
are
highly
debilitating
and,
despite
considerable
advances
in
psychotherapy
pharmacotherapy
they
remain
insufficiently
treated
many
patients
with
PTSD,
phobias,
panic
other
disorders.
Increasing
preclinical
clinical
evidence
indicates
that
pharmacological
treatments
including
cognitive
enhancers,
when
given
as
adjuncts
to
psychotherapeutic
approaches
[cognitive
behavioral
therapy
extinction-based
exposure
therapy]
enhance
treatment
efficacy,
while
using
anxiolytics
such
benzodiazepines
can
undermine
long-term
success.
The
purpose
of
this
review
is
outline
the
literature
showing
how
interventions
targeting
neurotransmitter
systems
serotonin,
dopamine,
noradrenaline,
histamine,
glutamate,
GABA,
cannabinoids,
neuropeptides
(oxytocin,
Y
S,
opioids)
targets
(neurotrophins
BDNF
FGF2,
glucocorticoids,
L-type-calcium
channels,
epigenetic
modifications)
well
their
downstream
signaling
pathways,
augment
extinction
strengthen
memory
persistently
models.
Particularly
promising
discussed
regard
effects
on
specific
aspects
namely,
acquisition,
consolidation
retrieval,
protection
from
return
(relapse)
phenomena
like
spontaneous
recovery,
reinstatement
renewal
fear.
We
also
highlight
translational
value
preclinial
research
potential
certain
neurochemical
with,
for
example
d-cycloserine,
yohimbine,
cortisol,
L-DOPA.
current
body
reveals
important
new
insights
into
neurobiology
neurochemistry
holds
significant
promise
pharmacologically-augmented
an
improved
approach
treat
trauma
anxiety-related
disorders
a
more
efficient
persistent
way
promoting
enhanced
symptom
remission
recovery.
The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2013,
Номер
53(1), С. 311 - 330
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2013
Histone
acetylation
is
a
prominent
epigenetic
modification
of
the
central
nervous
system
that
unequivocally
associated
with
an
increase
in
rate
gene
transcription.
Because
transcription,
turn,
plays
important
role
long-lasting
forms
memory,
histone
generally
favors
long-term
whereas
deacetylation
impinges
on
it.
also
amenable
to
pharmacological
interventions—predominantly
by
use
deacetylase
(HDAC)
inhibitors—and
has
therefore
spurred
considerable
interest
as
putative
target
cognitive
enhancement.
ubiquitous
presence
acetylation,
HDAC
inhibitors
have
great
potential
not
only
treat
impairment
resulting
from
neurodevelopmental
and
neurodegenerative
disorders
but
serve
enhancers
for
cognitively
healthy.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
state
art
treatments
or
enhancers;
describe
new
model
their
mode
action,
priming;
caution
against
unsupervised
usage,
despite
overall
promise.
