The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 16(4), С. 213 - 225

Опубликована: Март 18, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of stress in the brain

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 18(10), С. 1353 - 1363

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Stress Effects on Neuronal Structure: Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Prefrontal Cortex

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 41(1), С. 3 - 23

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 27(6), С. 1176 - 1199

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Altered Connectivity in Depression: GABA and Glutamate Neurotransmitter Deficits and Reversal by Novel Treatments

Neuron, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 102(1), С. 75 - 90

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Neurobiological and Systemic Effects of Chronic Stress

Chronic Stress, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 1

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2017

The brain is the central organ of stress and adaptation to because it perceives determines what threatening, as well behavioral physiological responses stressor, which promote ("allostasis") but also contribute pathophysiology ("allostatic load/overload") when overused dysregulated. adult developing possesses a remarkable ability show structural functional plasticity in response stressful other experiences, including neuronal replacement, dendritic remodeling synapse turnover. Stress can cause an imbalance neural circuitry subserving cognition, decision making, anxiety mood that increase or decrease expression those behaviors states. This imbalance, turn, affects systemic physiology via neuroendocrine, autonomic, immune metabolic mediators. In short term, these changes may be adaptive; but, if threat passes state persists along with circuitry, such maladaptation requires intervention combination pharmacological therapies. There are important sex differences how responds stressors. Moreover, adverse early life experience, interacting alleles certain genes, produces lasting effects on body epigenetic mechanisms. While prevention key, gives hope for therapies utilize brain-body interactions. Policies government private sector health "healthspan."

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences and stress across the lifespan

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 18(10), С. 1413 - 1420

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Adolescence as a neurobiological critical period for the development of higher-order cognition

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 94, С. 179 - 195

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Uncertainty and stress: Why it causes diseases and how it is mastered by the brain

Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 156, С. 164 - 188

Опубликована: Май 31, 2017

The term ‘stress’ – coined in 1936 has many definitions, but until now lacked a theoretical foundation. Here we present an information-theoretic approach based on the ‘free energy principle’ defining essence of stress; namely, uncertainty. We address three questions: What is uncertainty? does it do to us? are our resources master it? Mathematically speaking, uncertainty entropy or ‘expected surprise’. rests upon fact that self-organizing biological agents resist tendency disorder and must therefore minimize their sensory states. Applied everyday life, this means feel uncertain, when anticipate outcomes will turn out be something other than expected unable avoid surprise. As all cognitive systems strive reduce about future outcomes, they face critical constraint: Reducing requires cerebral energy. characteristic vertebrate brain prioritize its own high captured by notion ‘selfish brain’. Accordingly, times uncertainty, selfish demands extra from body. If, despite this, cannot persistent crisis may develop, burdening individual ‘allostatic load’ contributes systemic malfunction (impaired memory, atherogenesis, diabetes subsequent cardio- cerebrovascular events). Based basic tenet stress originates discuss strategies uses surprise thereby resolve

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the broad influence of sex hormones and sex differences in the brain

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 95(1-2), С. 24 - 39

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2016

Sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and females via genomic nongenomic receptors. can through many cellular molecular processes that alter structure function neural systems influence behavior as well providing neuroprotection. Within neurons, sex hormone receptors are found in nuclei also located near membranes, where they associated with presynaptic terminals, mitochondria, spine apparatus, postsynaptic densities. glial cells. Hormonal regulation a variety signaling pathways direct indirect effects on gene expression induce synapses, up‐ or downregulate distribution neurotransmitter receptors, regulate neuropeptide cholinergic GABAergic activity calcium sequestration oxidative stress. Many behavioral functions affected, including mood, cognitive function, blood pressure regulation, motor coordination, pain, opioid sensitivity. Subtle differences exist for these developmentally programmed by not yet precisely defined genetic factors, mitochondrial genome. These responses to regions, which previously regarded subject such differences, indicate we entering new era our ability understand appreciate diversity gender‐related behaviors functions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Язык: Английский

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