Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
55, С. 100788 - 100788
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2019
Neuroinflammation
is
a
physiological
protective
response
in
the
context
of
infection
and
injury.
However,
neuroinflammation,
especially
if
chronic,
may
also
drive
neurodegeneration.
Neurodegenerative
diseases,
such
as
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD)
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI),
display
inflammatory
activation
microglia
astrocytes.
Intriguingly,
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
highly
steroidogenic
environment
synthesizing
steroids
de
novo,
well
metabolizing
deriving
from
circulation.
Neurosteroid
synthesis
can
be
substantially
affected
by
while,
turn,
several
steroids,
17β-estradiol,
dehydroepiandrosterone
(DHEA)
allopregnanolone,
regulate
neuroinflammatory
responses.
Here,
we
review
role
neurosteroids
neuroinflammation
MS,
AD,
PD
TBI
describe
underlying
molecular
mechanisms.
Moreover,
introduce
concept
that
synthetic
neurosteroid
analogues
could
potentially
utilized
for
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases
future.
Glia,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
65(8), С. 1227 - 1250
Опубликована: Март 20, 2017
Abstract
Depression
is
a
chronic,
recurring,
and
serious
mood
disorder
that
afflicts
up
to
20%
of
the
global
population.
The
monoamine
hypothesis
has
dominated
our
understanding
pharmacotherapy
depression
for
more
than
half
century;
however,
pathophysiology
pathogenesis
major
lagged
far
behind.
Astrocytes
are
most
abundant
versatile
cells
in
brain,
participating
most,
if
not
all,
brain
functions
as
both
passive
housekeeper
an
active
player.
Mounting
evidence
from
clinical,
preclinical
post‐mortem
studies
revealed
decrease
number
or
density
astrocytes
morphological
functional
astroglial
atrophy
patients
with
depressive
(MDD)
animal
models
depression.
Furthermore,
currently
available
antidepressant
treatments
at
least
partially
exert
their
therapeutic
effects
on
astrocytes.
More
importantly,
dysfunctional
lead
depressive‐like
phenotypes
animals.
Together,
current
point
pathology
potential
root
cause
MDD.
Thus,
shift
neuron‐centric
astrocyte‐centric
MDD
gained
increasing
attention
during
past
two
decades.
Here
we
will
summarize
supporting
disease
astrocyte
highlight
previous
promising
strategies
directly
target
development
novel
treatments.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2018
Astrocytes
are
fundamental
players
in
the
regulation
of
synaptic
transmission
and
plasticity.
They
display
unique
morphological
phenotypical
features
that
allow
to
monitor
dynamically
respond
changes.
One
hallmarks
astrocytic
response
is
generation
calcium
elevations,
which
further
affect
downstream
cellular
processes.
Technical
advances
field
have
allowed
spatially
temporally
quantify
qualify
these
elevations.
However,
impact
on
brain
function
remains
poorly
understood.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
evidences
functional
heterogeneous
events
several
regions,
their
consequences
synapses,
circuits
behavior.
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
55, С. 100788 - 100788
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2019
Neuroinflammation
is
a
physiological
protective
response
in
the
context
of
infection
and
injury.
However,
neuroinflammation,
especially
if
chronic,
may
also
drive
neurodegeneration.
Neurodegenerative
diseases,
such
as
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD)
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI),
display
inflammatory
activation
microglia
astrocytes.
Intriguingly,
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
highly
steroidogenic
environment
synthesizing
steroids
de
novo,
well
metabolizing
deriving
from
circulation.
Neurosteroid
synthesis
can
be
substantially
affected
by
while,
turn,
several
steroids,
17β-estradiol,
dehydroepiandrosterone
(DHEA)
allopregnanolone,
regulate
neuroinflammatory
responses.
Here,
we
review
role
neurosteroids
neuroinflammation
MS,
AD,
PD
TBI
describe
underlying
molecular
mechanisms.
Moreover,
introduce
concept
that
synthetic
neurosteroid
analogues
could
potentially
utilized
for
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases
future.
