Frontiers in Neural Circuits,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2022
Astrocytes
are
non-neuronal
cells
that
regulate
synapses,
neuronal
circuits,
and
behavior.
ensheath
synapses
to
form
the
tripartite
synapse
where
astrocytes
influence
formation,
function,
plasticity.
Beyond
synapse,
recent
research
has
revealed
astrocyte
influences
on
nervous
system
extend
modulation
of
circuitry
Here
we
review
findings
active
role
in
behavioral
with
a
focus
vivo
studies,
primarily
mice.
Using
tools
acutely
manipulate
astrocytes,
such
as
optogenetics
or
chemogenetics,
studies
reviewed
here
have
demonstrated
causal
for
sleep,
memory,
sensorimotor
behaviors,
feeding,
fear,
anxiety,
cognitive
processes
like
attention
flexibility.
Current
future
directions
astrocyte-specific
manipulation,
including
methods
probing
heterogeneity,
discussed.
Understanding
contribution
circuit
activity
organismal
behavior
will
be
critical
toward
understanding
how
function
gives
rise
Glia,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
67(6), С. 1076 - 1093
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2019
Abstract
G
protein‐coupled
receptors
(GPCRs)
play
key
roles
in
intercellular
signaling
the
brain.
Their
effects
on
cellular
function
have
been
largely
studied
neurons,
but
their
functional
consequences
astrocytes
are
less
known.
Using
both
endogenous
and
chemogenetic
approaches
with
DREADDs,
we
investigated
of
q
i/o
GPCR
activation
astroglial
Ca
2+
‐based
activity,
gliotransmitter
release,
neuronal
electrical
activity.
We
found
that
while
led
to
neurons
astrocytes,
inhibition
astrocytes.
Astroglial
by
either
or
protein‐mediated
stimulated
which
increased
excitability.
Additionally,
DREADDs
vivo
astrocyte
activity
modified
network
Present
results
reveal
additional
complexity
excitatory
inhibitory
neurotransmitters
astroglia‐neuron
operation
brain
function.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2018
Astrocytes
are
fundamental
players
in
the
regulation
of
synaptic
transmission
and
plasticity.
They
display
unique
morphological
phenotypical
features
that
allow
to
monitor
dynamically
respond
changes.
One
hallmarks
astrocytic
response
is
generation
calcium
elevations,
which
further
affect
downstream
cellular
processes.
Technical
advances
field
have
allowed
spatially
temporally
quantify
qualify
these
elevations.
However,
impact
on
brain
function
remains
poorly
understood.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
evidences
functional
heterogeneous
events
several
regions,
their
consequences
synapses,
circuits
behavior.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
38(1), С. 3 - 13
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2018
A
major
controversy
persists
within
the
field
of
glial
biology
concerning
whether
or
not,
under
physiological
conditions,
neuronal
activity
leads
to
Ca2+-dependent
release
neurotransmitters
from
astrocytes,
a
phenomenon
known
as
gliotransmission.
Our
perspective
is
that,
while
we
and
others
can
apply
techniques
cause
gliotransmission,
there
considerable
evidence
gathered
using
astrocyte-specific
more
approaches
which
suggests
that
gliotransmission
pharmacological
rather
than
process.
Approaches
providing
against
include
stimulation
Gq-GPCRs
expressed
only
in
well
removal
primary
proposed
source
astrocyte
Ca2+
responsible
for
These
contrast
with
those
supportive
mechanical
stimulation,
strong
astrocytic
depolarization
whole-cell
patch-clamp
optogenetics,
uncaging
IP3,
chelating
BAPTA,
nonspecific
bath
application
agonists
receptors
by
multitude
cell
types.
are
not
subtle
therefore
recent
suggestions
requires
very
specific
delicate
temporal
spatial
requirements.
Other
evidence,
including
lack
propagating
waves
between
astrocytes
healthy
tissue,
expression
vesicular
machinery,
demise
d-serine
hypothesis,
provides
additional
Overall,
data
suggest
province
neurons,
intact
brain
conditions.Dual
Perspectives
Companion
Paper:
Gliotransmission:
Beyond
Black-and-White,
Iaroslav
Savtchouk
Andrea
Volterra.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2020
Astrocytic
Ca2+
signals
can
be
fast
and
local,
supporting
the
idea
that
astrocytes
have
ability
to
regulate
single
synapses.
However,
anatomical
basis
of
such
specific
signaling
remains
unclear,
owing
difficulties
in
resolving
spongiform
domain
where
most
tripartite
synapses
are
located.
Using
3D-STED
microscopy
living
organotypic
brain
slices,
we
imaged
observed
a
reticular
meshwork
nodes
shafts
often
formed
loop-like
structures.
These
features
were
also
acute
hippocampal
slices
barrel
cortex
vivo.
The
majority
dendritic
spines
contacted
by
their
sizes
correlated.
FRAP
experiments
imaging
showed
biochemical
compartments
microdomains.
Mapping
astrocytic
onto
STED
images
they
associated
with
individual
Here,
report
on
nanoscale
organization
astrocytes,
identifying
as
functional
component
may
enable
synapse-specific
communication
between
neurons
astrocytes.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2020
Abstract
Astrocytic
Ca
2+
signaling
has
been
intensively
studied
in
health
and
disease
but
not
quantified
during
natural
sleep.
Here,
we
employ
an
activity-based
algorithm
to
assess
astrocytic
signals
the
neocortex
of
awake
naturally
sleeping
mice
while
monitoring
neuronal
activity,
brain
rhythms
behavior.
We
show
that
exhibit
distinct
features
across
sleep-wake
cycle
are
reduced
sleep
compared
wakefulness.
Moreover,
increase
precedes
transitions
from
slow
wave
wakefulness,
with
a
peak
upon
awakening
exceeding
levels
whisking
locomotion.
Finally,
genetic
ablation
important
pathway
impairs
results
increased
number
microarousals,
abnormal
rhythms,
frequency
state
spindles.
Our
findings
demonstrate
essential
role
for
regulating
