bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 17, 2024
Abstract
The
G
protein-coupled
receptor
108
(
GPR108
)
gene
encodes
a
protein
factor
identified
as
critical
for
adeno-associated
virus
(AAV)
entry
into
mammalian
cells,
but
whether
it
is
universally
involved
in
AAV
transduction
unknown.
Remarkably,
we
have
discovered
that
absent
the
genomes
of
birds
and
most
other
sauropsids,
providing
likely
explanation
overall
lower
efficacy
common
serotypes
compared
to
mammals.
Importantly,
transgenic
expression
human
manipulation
related
glycan
binding
sites
viral
capsid
significantly
boost
zebra
finch
cells.
These
findings
contribute
more
depth
understanding
mechanisms
evolution
transduction,
with
potential
implications
design
efficient
tools
experimental
animal
models,
range
therapy
applications
humans.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
614(7946), С. 108 - 117
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023
Abstract
Spontaneous
animal
behaviour
is
built
from
action
modules
that
are
concatenated
by
the
brain
into
sequences
1,2
.
However,
neural
mechanisms
guide
composition
of
naturalistic,
self-motivated
remain
unknown.
Here
we
show
dopamine
systematically
fluctuates
in
dorsolateral
striatum
(DLS)
as
mice
spontaneously
express
sub-second
behavioural
modules,
despite
absence
task
structure,
sensory
cues
or
exogenous
reward.
Photometric
recordings
and
calibrated
closed-loop
optogenetic
manipulations
during
open
field
demonstrate
DLS
fluctuations
increase
sequence
variation
over
seconds,
reinforce
use
associated
minutes,
modulate
vigour
with
which
expressed,
without
directly
influencing
movement
initiation
moment-to-moment
kinematics.
Although
reinforcing
effects
vary
across
individual
mice,
these
differences
well
predicted
observed
relationships
between
endogenous
module
use.
Consistent
possibility
act
a
teaching
signal,
build
exploration
if
to
maximize
dopamine.
Together,
findings
suggest
model
same
circuits
computations
govern
choices
structured
tasks
have
key
role
sculpting
content
unconstrained,
high-dimensional,
spontaneous
behaviour.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Март 30, 2021
Abstract
Wireless
battery
free
and
fully
implantable
tools
for
the
interrogation
of
central
peripheral
nervous
system
have
quantitatively
expanded
capabilities
to
study
mechanistic
circuit
level
behavior
in
freely
moving
rodents.
The
light
weight
small
footprint
such
devices
enables
full
subdermal
implantation
that
results
capability
perform
studies
with
minimal
impact
on
subject
yields
broad
application
a
range
experimental
paradigms.
While
these
advantages
been
successfully
proven
rodents
move
predominantly
2D,
potential
wireless
device
can
be
harnessed
flying
species,
where
tethered
is
very
difficult
or
impossible.
Here
we
report
wireless,
multimodal
platform
optogenetic
stimulation
physiological
temperature
recording
highly
miniaturized
form
factor
use
songbirds.
systems
are
enabled
by
guided
primary
antenna
design
advanced
energy
management
ensure
stable
thermography
throughout
3D
arenas.
Collectively,
approaches
expand
subdermally
neuromodulation
sensing
species
previously
excluded
from
vivo
real
time
experiments.
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
228(Suppl_1)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025
ABSTRACT
A
long-standing
problem
in
the
study
of
avian
flight
is
determining
how
biomechanics
and
physiology
are
associated
with
behaviour,
ecological
interactions
evolution.
In
some
clades,
mechanisms
strongly
linked
to
ecology.
Hummingbirds,
for
example,
exhibit
traits
that
support
both
hovering
nectar
foraging.
most
however,
features
such
as
wing
shape
highly
variable
among
taxa
without
clear
relationships
biomechanics,
energetics
or
this
Commentary,
we
discuss
challenges
understanding
associations
between
phenotype
performance
flight.
potential
pitfall
studies
attempt
link
trait
specialization
relevant
environments
not
being
considered.
Additionally,
a
large
number
phenomenological.
Although
observations
essential
hypothesis
development,
argue
our
discipline
make
progress,
will
need
much
more
integration
observational
phase
developing
crucial
tests
competing
hypotheses.
Direct
comparison
alternative
hypotheses
can
be
accomplished
through
analytical
frameworks
well
experimentation.
Science,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
366(6461), С. 83 - 89
Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2019
Animals
learn
many
complex
behaviors
by
emulating
the
behavior
of
more
experienced
individuals.
This
essential,
yet
still
poorly
understood,
form
learning
relies
on
ability
to
encode
lasting
memories
observed
behaviors.
We
identified
a
vocal-motor
pathway
in
zebra
finch
where
that
guide
song-element
durations
can
be
implanted.
Activation
synapses
this
seeds
duration
and
override
from
social
interactions
with
other
Genetic
lesions
circuit
after
memory
formation,
however,
do
not
disrupt
subsequent
song
imitation,
which
suggests
these
are
stored
at
downstream
synapses.
Thus,
activity
sensorimotor
bypass
auditory
experience
embed
timing.
