Cerebral Cortex,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(11), С. 6928 - 6942
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023
Abstract
The
human
brain
is
active
at
rest,
and
spontaneous
fluctuations
in
functional
MRI
BOLD
signals
reveal
an
intrinsic
architecture.
During
childhood
adolescence,
networks
undergo
varying
patterns
of
maturation,
measures
connectivity
within
between
differ
as
a
function
age.
However,
many
aspects
these
developmental
(e.g.
trajectory
shape
directionality)
remain
unresolved.
In
the
present
study,
we
characterised
age-related
differences
within-
between-network
resting-state
(rsFC)
integration
(i.e.
participation
coefficient,
PC)
large
cross-sectional
sample
children
adolescents
(n
=
628)
aged
8–21
years
from
Lifespan
Human
Connectome
Project
Development.
We
found
evidence
for
both
linear
non-linear
cortical,
subcortical,
cerebellar
rsFC,
well
integration,
that
varied
by
Additionally,
sex
moderated
relationship
age
putamen
where
males
displayed
significant
increases
PC
compared
with
females.
Taken
together,
results
provide
complex,
some
systems
during
development.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
617(7960), С. 351 - 359
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023
Abstract
Motor
cortex
(M1)
has
been
thought
to
form
a
continuous
somatotopic
homunculus
extending
down
the
precentral
gyrus
from
foot
face
representations
1,2
,
despite
evidence
for
concentric
functional
zones
3
and
maps
of
complex
actions
4
.
Here,
using
precision
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI)
methods,
we
find
that
classic
is
interrupted
by
regions
with
distinct
connectivity,
structure
function,
alternating
effector-specific
(foot,
hand
mouth)
areas.
These
inter-effector
exhibit
decreased
cortical
thickness
strong
connectivity
each
other,
as
well
cingulo-opercular
network
(CON),
critical
action
5
physiological
control
6
arousal
7
errors
8
pain
9
This
interdigitation
control-linked
motor
effector
was
verified
in
three
largest
fMRI
datasets.
Macaque
pediatric
(newborn,
infant
child)
suggested
cross-species
homologues
developmental
precursors
system.
A
battery
tasks
documented
somatotopies,
separated
CON-linked
regions.
The
inter-effectors
lacked
movement
specificity
co-activated
during
planning
(coordination
hands
feet)
axial
body
(such
abdomen
or
eyebrows).
results,
together
previous
studies
demonstrating
stimulation-evoked
internal
organs
10
such
adrenal
medulla,
suggest
M1
punctuated
system
whole-body
planning,
somato-cognitive
(SCAN).
In
M1,
two
parallel
systems
intertwine,
forming
an
integrate–isolate
pattern:
isolating
fine
SCAN
integrating
goals,
physiology
movement.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
117(34), С. 20890 - 20897
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2020
Multimodal
evidence
suggests
that
brain
regions
accumulate
information
over
timescales
vary
according
to
anatomical
hierarchy.
Thus,
these
experimentally
defined
"temporal
receptive
windows"
are
longest
in
cortical
distant
from
sensory
input.
Interestingly,
spontaneous
activity
also
plays
out
relatively
slow
(i.e.,
exhibits
slower
temporal
autocorrelation
decay).
These
findings
raise
the
possibility
hierarchical
represent
an
intrinsic
organizing
principle
of
function.
Here,
using
resting-state
functional
MRI,
we
show
timescale
ongoing
dynamics
follows
spatial
gradients
throughout
human
cerebral
cortex.
give
rise
systematic
frequency
differences
among
large-scale
networks
and
predict
individual-specific
features
connectivity.
Whole-brain
coverage
permitted
us
further
investigate
organization
subcortical
dynamics.
We
topographically
mirrored
striatum,
thalamus,
cerebellum.
Finally,
hippocampus
followed
a
posterior-to-anterior
gradient,
corresponding
longitudinal
axis
increasing
representational
scale.
emerge
as
global
mammalian
brains.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
206, С. 116290 - 116290
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2019
An
important
aspect
of
network-based
analysis
is
robust
node
definition.
This
issue
critical
for
functional
brain
network
analyses,
as
poor
choice
can
lead
to
spurious
findings
and
misleading
inferences
about
organization.
Two
sets
nodes
from
our
group
are
well
represented
in
the
literature:
(1)
264
volumetric
regions
interest
(ROIs)
reported
Power
et
al.,
2011,
(2)
333
cortical
surface
parcels
Gordon
2016.
However,
subcortical
cerebellar
structures
either
incompletely
captured
or
missing
these
ROI
sets.
Therefore,
properties
organization
involving
subcortex
cerebellum
may
be
underappreciated
thus
far.
Here,
we
apply
a
winner-take-all
partitioning
method
resting-state
fMRI
data
generate
novel
functionally-constrained
ROIs
thalamus,
basal
ganglia,
amygdala,
hippocampus,
cerebellum.
We
validate
three
datasets
using
several
criteria,
including
agreement
with
existing
literature
anatomical
atlases.
Further,
demonstrate
that
combining
established
recapitulates
extends
previously
described
new
set
made
publicly
available
general
use,
full
list
MNI
coordinates
labels.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
221, С. 117180 - 117180
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2020
The
process
of
altering
neural
activity
–
neuromodulation
has
long
been
used
to
treat
patients
with
brain
disorders
and
answer
scientific
questions.
Deep
stimulation
in
particular
provided
clinical
benefit
over
150,000
patients.
However,
our
understanding
how
impacts
the
is
evolving.
Instead
focusing
on
local
impact
at
site
itself,
we
are
considering
remote
regions
connected
site.
Brain
connectivity
information
derived
from
advanced
magnetic
resonance
imaging
data
can
be
identify
these
connections
better
understand
behavioral
effects
neuromodulation.
In
this
article,
review
studies
combining
connectomics,
highlighting
opportunities
where
approach
may
prove
particularly
valuable.
We
focus
deep
stimulation,
but
show
that
same
principles
applied
other
forms
neuromodulation,
such
as
transcranial
MRI-guided
focused
ultrasound.
outline
future
perspectives
provide
testable
hypotheses
for
work.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
117(29), С. 17308 - 17319
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2020
Significance
The
human
brain
is
organized
into
large
networks.
One
important
network
the
Default
network,
which
enables
cognitive
functions
such
as
social
thinking,
memory,
and
reward.
In
group-averaged
data,
this
emerges
a
unitary
whole,
despite
its
involvement
in
multiple
functions.
Here,
we
tested
whether
networks
found
individual
humans,
rather
than
group-average
networks,
contain
substructure.
individuals,
consistently
nine
subnetworks
within
network.
These
matched
activity
patterns
during
tasks.
Some
resembled
circuits
involved
specific
Others
linked
to
other
summary,
study
describes
set
of
humans.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
33(12), С. 108540 - 108540
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020
Resting-state
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI)
is
widely
used
in
cognitive
and
clinical
neuroscience,
but
long-duration
scans
are
currently
needed
to
reliably
characterize
individual
differences
connectivity
(FC)
brain
network
topology.
In
this
report,
we
demonstrate
that
multi-echo
fMRI
can
improve
the
reliability
of
FC-based
measurements.
four
densely
sampled
humans,
just
10
min
data
yielded
better
test-retest
than
30
single-echo
independent
datasets.
This
effect
pronounced
clinically
important
regions,
including
subgenual
cingulate,
basal
ganglia,
cerebellum,
linked
three
biophysical
signal
mechanisms
(thermal
noise,
regional
variability
rate
T2∗
decay,
S0-dependent
artifacts)
with
spatially
distinct
influences.
Together,
these
findings
establish
potential
utility
for
rapid
precision
mapping
using
experimentally
tractable
scan
times
will
facilitate
longitudinal
neuroimaging
populations.
Network Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
7(3), С. 864 - 905
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Progress
in
scientific
disciplines
is
accompanied
by
standardization
of
terminology.
Network
neuroscience,
at
the
level
macroscale
organization
brain,
beginning
to
confront
challenges
associated
with
developing
a
taxonomy
its
fundamental
explanatory
constructs.
The
Workgroup
for
HArmonized
Taxonomy
NETworks
(WHATNET)
was
formed
2020
as
an
Organization
Human
Brain
Mapping
(OHBM)-endorsed
best
practices
committee
provide
recommendations
on
points
consensus,
identify
open
questions,
and
highlight
areas
ongoing
debate
service
moving
field
toward
standardized
reporting
network
neuroscience
results.
conducted
survey
catalog
current
large-scale
brain
nomenclature.
A
few
well-known
names
(e.g.,
default
mode
network)
dominated
responses
survey,
number
illuminating
disagreement
emerged.
We
summarize
results
initial
considerations
from
workgroup.
This
perspective
piece
includes
selective
review
this
enterprise,
including
(1)
scale,
resolution,
hierarchies;
(2)
interindividual
variability
networks;
(3)
dynamics
nonstationarity
(4)
consideration
affiliations
subcortical
structures;
(5)
multimodal
information.
close
minimal
guidelines
cognitive
communities
adopt.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
632(8023), С. 131 - 138
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Abstract
A
single
dose
of
psilocybin,
a
psychedelic
that
acutely
causes
distortions
space–time
perception
and
ego
dissolution,
produces
rapid
persistent
therapeutic
effects
in
human
clinical
trials
1–4
.
In
animal
models,
psilocybin
induces
neuroplasticity
cortex
hippocampus
5–8
It
remains
unclear
how
brain
network
changes
relate
to
subjective
lasting
psychedelics.
Here
we
tracked
individual-specific
with
longitudinal
precision
functional
mapping
(roughly
18
magnetic
resonance
imaging
visits
per
participant).
Healthy
adults
were
before,
during
for
3
weeks
after
high-dose
(25
mg)
methylphenidate
(40
mg),
brought
back
an
additional
6–12
months
later.
Psilocybin
massively
disrupted
connectivity
(FC)
subcortex,
causing
more
than
threefold
greater
change
methylphenidate.
These
FC
driven
by
desynchronization
across
spatial
scales
(areal,
global),
which
dissolved
distinctions
reducing
correlations
within
anticorrelations
between
networks.
Psilocybin-driven
strongest
the
default
mode
network,
is
connected
anterior
thought
create
our
sense
space,
time
self.
Individual
differences
strongly
linked
experience.
Performing
perceptual
task
reduced
psilocybin-driven
changes.
caused
decrease
weeks.
Persistent
reduction
hippocampal-default
may
represent
neuroanatomical
mechanistic
correlate
proplasticity