A somato-cognitive action network alternates with effector regions in motor cortex

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 617(7960), С. 351 - 359

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023

Abstract Motor cortex (M1) has been thought to form a continuous somatotopic homunculus extending down the precentral gyrus from foot face representations 1,2 , despite evidence for concentric functional zones 3 and maps of complex actions 4 . Here, using precision magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods, we find that classic is interrupted by regions with distinct connectivity, structure function, alternating effector-specific (foot, hand mouth) areas. These inter-effector exhibit decreased cortical thickness strong connectivity each other, as well cingulo-opercular network (CON), critical action 5 physiological control 6 arousal 7 errors 8 pain 9 This interdigitation control-linked motor effector was verified in three largest fMRI datasets. Macaque pediatric (newborn, infant child) suggested cross-species homologues developmental precursors system. A battery tasks documented somatotopies, separated CON-linked regions. The inter-effectors lacked movement specificity co-activated during planning (coordination hands feet) axial body (such abdomen or eyebrows). results, together previous studies demonstrating stimulation-evoked internal organs 10 such adrenal medulla, suggest M1 punctuated system whole-body planning, somato-cognitive (SCAN). In M1, two parallel systems intertwine, forming an integrate–isolate pattern: isolating fine SCAN integrating goals, physiology movement.

Язык: Английский

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Hierarchical dynamics as a macroscopic organizing principle of the human brain

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(34), С. 20890 - 20897

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2020

Multimodal evidence suggests that brain regions accumulate information over timescales vary according to anatomical hierarchy. Thus, these experimentally defined "temporal receptive windows" are longest in cortical distant from sensory input. Interestingly, spontaneous activity also plays out relatively slow (i.e., exhibits slower temporal autocorrelation decay). These findings raise the possibility hierarchical represent an intrinsic organizing principle of function. Here, using resting-state functional MRI, we show timescale ongoing dynamics follows spatial gradients throughout human cerebral cortex. give rise systematic frequency differences among large-scale networks and predict individual-specific features connectivity. Whole-brain coverage permitted us further investigate organization subcortical dynamics. We topographically mirrored striatum, thalamus, cerebellum. Finally, hippocampus followed a posterior-to-anterior gradient, corresponding longitudinal axis increasing representational scale. emerge as global mammalian brains.

Язык: Английский

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A set of functionally-defined brain regions with improved representation of the subcortex and cerebellum

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 206, С. 116290 - 116290

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2019

An important aspect of network-based analysis is robust node definition. This issue critical for functional brain network analyses, as poor choice can lead to spurious findings and misleading inferences about organization. Two sets nodes from our group are well represented in the literature: (1) 264 volumetric regions interest (ROIs) reported Power et al., 2011, (2) 333 cortical surface parcels Gordon 2016. However, subcortical cerebellar structures either incompletely captured or missing these ROI sets. Therefore, properties organization involving subcortex cerebellum may be underappreciated thus far. Here, we apply a winner-take-all partitioning method resting-state fMRI data generate novel functionally-constrained ROIs thalamus, basal ganglia, amygdala, hippocampus, cerebellum. We validate three datasets using several criteria, including agreement with existing literature anatomical atlases. Further, demonstrate that combining established recapitulates extends previously described new set made publicly available general use, full list MNI coordinates labels.

Язык: Английский

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Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits

Neuron, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 107(3), С. 580 - 589.e6

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Opportunities of connectomic neuromodulation

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 221, С. 117180 - 117180

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2020

The process of altering neural activity – neuromodulation has long been used to treat patients with brain disorders and answer scientific questions. Deep stimulation in particular provided clinical benefit over 150,000 patients. However, our understanding how impacts the is evolving. Instead focusing on local impact at site itself, we are considering remote regions connected site. Brain connectivity information derived from advanced magnetic resonance imaging data can be identify these connections better understand behavioral effects neuromodulation. In this article, review studies combining connectomics, highlighting opportunities where approach may prove particularly valuable. We focus deep stimulation, but show that same principles applied other forms neuromodulation, such as transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound. outline future perspectives provide testable hypotheses for work.

Язык: Английский

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Default-mode network streams for coupling to language and control systems

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(29), С. 17308 - 17319

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2020

Significance The human brain is organized into large networks. One important network the Default network, which enables cognitive functions such as social thinking, memory, and reward. In group-averaged data, this emerges a unitary whole, despite its involvement in multiple functions. Here, we tested whether networks found individual humans, rather than group-average networks, contain substructure. individuals, consistently nine subnetworks within network. These matched activity patterns during tasks. Some resembled circuits involved specific Others linked to other summary, study describes set of humans.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid Precision Functional Mapping of Individuals Using Multi-Echo fMRI

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(12), С. 108540 - 108540

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used in cognitive and clinical neuroscience, but long-duration scans are currently needed to reliably characterize individual differences connectivity (FC) brain network topology. In this report, we demonstrate that multi-echo fMRI can improve the reliability of FC-based measurements. four densely sampled humans, just 10 min data yielded better test-retest than 30 single-echo independent datasets. This effect pronounced clinically important regions, including subgenual cingulate, basal ganglia, cerebellum, linked three biophysical signal mechanisms (thermal noise, regional variability rate T2∗ decay, S0-dependent artifacts) with spatially distinct influences. Together, these findings establish potential utility for rapid precision mapping using experimentally tractable scan times will facilitate longitudinal neuroimaging populations.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of the human thalamus on brain-wide information processing

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(7), С. 416 - 430

Опубликована: Май 26, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Controversies and progress on standardization of large-scale brain network nomenclature

Network Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(3), С. 864 - 905

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Progress in scientific disciplines is accompanied by standardization of terminology. Network neuroscience, at the level macroscale organization brain, beginning to confront challenges associated with developing a taxonomy its fundamental explanatory constructs. The Workgroup for HArmonized Taxonomy NETworks (WHATNET) was formed 2020 as an Organization Human Brain Mapping (OHBM)-endorsed best practices committee provide recommendations on points consensus, identify open questions, and highlight areas ongoing debate service moving field toward standardized reporting network neuroscience results. conducted survey catalog current large-scale brain nomenclature. A few well-known names (e.g., default mode network) dominated responses survey, number illuminating disagreement emerged. We summarize results initial considerations from workgroup. This perspective piece includes selective review this enterprise, including (1) scale, resolution, hierarchies; (2) interindividual variability networks; (3) dynamics nonstationarity (4) consideration affiliations subcortical structures; (5) multimodal information. close minimal guidelines cognitive communities adopt.

Язык: Английский

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Psilocybin desynchronizes the human brain

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 632(8023), С. 131 - 138

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Abstract A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic that acutely causes distortions space–time perception and ego dissolution, produces rapid persistent therapeutic effects in human clinical trials 1–4 . In animal models, psilocybin induces neuroplasticity cortex hippocampus 5–8 It remains unclear how brain network changes relate to subjective lasting psychedelics. Here we tracked individual-specific with longitudinal precision functional mapping (roughly 18 magnetic resonance imaging visits per participant). Healthy adults were before, during for 3 weeks after high-dose (25 mg) methylphenidate (40 mg), brought back an additional 6–12 months later. Psilocybin massively disrupted connectivity (FC) subcortex, causing more than threefold greater change methylphenidate. These FC driven by desynchronization across spatial scales (areal, global), which dissolved distinctions reducing correlations within anticorrelations between networks. Psilocybin-driven strongest the default mode network, is connected anterior thought create our sense space, time self. Individual differences strongly linked experience. Performing perceptual task reduced psilocybin-driven changes. caused decrease weeks. Persistent reduction hippocampal-default may represent neuroanatomical mechanistic correlate proplasticity

Язык: Английский

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