Breathing Rhythm and Pattern and Their Influence on Emotion

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 45(1), С. 223 - 247

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Breathing is a vital rhythmic motor behavior with surprisingly broad influence on the brain and body. The apparent simplicity of breathing belies complex neural control system, central pattern generator (bCPG), that exhibits diverse operational modes to regulate gas exchange coordinate an array behaviors. In this review, we focus selected advances in our understanding bCPG. At core bCPG preBötzinger (preBötC), which drives inspiratory rhythm via unexpectedly sophisticated emergent mechanism. Synchronization dynamics underlying preBötC rhythmogenesis imbue system robustness lability. These are modulated by inputs from throughout generate rhythmic, patterned activity widely distributed. connectivity emerging literature support link between breathing, emotion, cognition becoming experimentally tractable. bring great potential for elucidating function dysfunction other mammalian circuits.

Язык: Английский

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The integrated brain network that controls respiration

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Respiration is a brain function on which our lives essentially depend. Control of respiration ensures that the frequency and depth breathing adapt continuously to metabolic needs. In addition, respiratory control network has organize muscular synergies integrate ventilation with posture body movement. Finally, coupled cardiovascular emotion. Here, we argue can handle this all by integrating brainstem central pattern generator circuit in larger also comprises cerebellum. Although currently not generally recognized as center, cerebellum well known for its coordinating modulating role motor behavior, autonomic nervous system. review, discuss regions involved respiration, their anatomical functional interactions. We how sensory feedback result adaptation these mechanisms be compromised various neurological psychological disorders. demonstrate generators are part integrated regions.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanism of kisspeptin neuron synchronization for pulsatile hormone secretion in male mice

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(1), С. 111914 - 111914

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Divergent brainstem opioidergic pathways that coordinate breathing with pain and emotions

Neuron, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 110(5), С. 857 - 873.e9

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The multifunctionality of the brainstem breathing control circuit

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 90, С. 102974 - 102974

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Subconscious breathing is generated by a network of brainstem nodes with varying purposes, like pacing or patterning certain breath phase. Decades anatomy, pharmacology, and physiology studies have identified characterized the system's fundamental properties that produce robust breathing, we now well-conceived computational models are based on detailed descriptions neuronal connectivity, biophysical properties, functions in breathing. In total, considerable understanding control circuit. But, last five years, utilization molecular genetic approaches to study neural subtypes within each node has led new era circuit research explains how integrated more complex behaviors speaking running connected other physiological systems our state-of-mind. This review will describe basic role key components then highlight transformative discoveries broaden these brain areas. These serve illustrate creativity exciting future research.

Язык: Английский

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Dual mechanisms of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the inspiratory rhythm-generating network

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2021

The analgesic utility of opioid-based drugs is limited by the life-threatening risk respiratory depression. Opioid-induced depression (OIRD), mediated μ-opioid receptor (MOR), characterized a pronounced decrease in frequency and regularity inspiratory rhythm, which originates from medullary preBötzinger Complex (preBötC). To unravel cellular- network-level consequences MOR activation preBötC, MOR-expressing neurons were optogenetically identified manipulated transgenic mice vitro vivo. Based on these results, model OIRD was developed silico. We conclude that hyperpolarization - expressing preBötC alone does not phenocopy OIRD. Instead, effects are twofold: (1) pre-inspiratory spiking reduced (2) excitatory synaptic transmission suppressed, thereby disrupting network-driven rhythmogenesis. These dual mechanisms opioid action act synergistically to make normally robust rhythm-generating network particularly prone collapse when challenged with exogenous opioids.

Язык: Английский

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Optogenetic stimulation of pre–Bötzinger complex reveals novel circuit interactions in swallowing–breathing coordination

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(29)

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

The coordination of swallowing with breathing, in particular inspiration, is essential for homeostasis most organisms. While much has been learned about the neuronal network critical inspiration mammals, pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), little known how this interacts swallowing. Here we activate within preBötC excitatory neurons (defined as

Язык: Английский

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Opioid suppression of an excitatory pontomedullary respiratory circuit by convergent mechanisms

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023

Opioids depress breathing by inhibition of interconnected respiratory nuclei in the pons and medulla. Mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists directly hyperpolarize a population neurons dorsolateral pons, particularly Kölliker-Fuse (KF) nucleus, that are key mediators opioid-induced depression. However, projection target synaptic connections MOR-expressing KF unknown. Here, we used retrograde labeling brain slice electrophysiology to determine project ventrolateral medulla, including preBötzinger complex (preBötC) rostral ventral group (rVRG). These medullary-projecting, pontine express FoxP2 distinct from calcitonin gene-related peptide-expressing lateral parabrachial neurons. Furthermore, release glutamate onto excitatory preBötC rVRG via monosynaptic projections, which is inhibited presynaptic receptors. Surprisingly, majority receiving MOR-sensitive glutamatergic input themselves hyperpolarized opioids, suggesting selective opioid-sensitive circuit inhibit this pontomedullary three mechanisms-somatodendritic MORs on medullary neuron terminals medulla-all could contribute

Язык: Английский

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Inspiratory and sigh breathing rhythms depend on distinct cellular signalling mechanisms in the preBötzinger complex

The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 602(5), С. 809 - 834

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Breathing behaviour involves the generation of normal breaths (eupnoea) on a timescale seconds and sigh order minutes. Both rhythms emerge in tandem from single brainstem site, but whether how cell population can generate two disparate remains unclear. We posit that recurrent synaptic excitation concert with depression cellular refractoriness gives rise to eupnoea rhythm, whereas an intracellular calcium oscillation is slower by orders magnitude rhythm. A mathematical model capturing these dynamics simultaneously generates frequencies, which be separately regulated physiological parameters. experimentally validated key predictions regarding signalling. All vertebrate brains feature network oscillator drives breathing pump for regular respiration. However, air‐breathing mammals compliant lungs susceptible collapse, rhythmogenic may have refashioned ubiquitous signalling systems produce second rhythm (for sighs) prevents atelectasis without impeding eupnoea. image Key points simplified activity‐based preBötC inspiratory neuron population. Inspiration attributable canonical excitatory mechanism. Sigh emerges The predicts perturbations uptake release across endoplasmic reticulum counterintuitively accelerate decelerate rhythmicity, respectively, was validated. Vertebrate evolution adapted existing mechanisms slow oscillations needed optimize pulmonary function mammals.

Язык: Английский

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Opioids modulate an emergent rhythmogenic process to depress breathing

eLife, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2019

How mammalian neural circuits generate rhythmic activity in motor behaviors, such as breathing, walking, and chewing, remains elusive. For rhythm generation is localized to a brainstem nucleus, the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC). Rhythmic preBötC population consists of strong inspiratory bursts, which drive motoneuronal activity, weaker burstlets, we hypothesize reflect an emergent rhythmogenic process. If burstlets underlie rhythmogenesis, respiratory depressants, opioids, should reduce burstlet frequency. Indeed, medullary slices from neonatal mice, μ-opioid receptor (μOR) agonist DAMGO slowed generation. Genetic deletion μORs glutamatergic subpopulation abolished opioid-mediated depression, neuropeptide Substance P, but not blockade inhibitory synaptic transmission, reduced opioidergic effects. We conclude that rhythmogenesis process, modulated by does rely on bursts associated with output. These findings also point strategies for ameliorating opioid-induced depression breathing.

Язык: Английский

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