International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(14), С. 7273 - 7273
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2021
Mutations
in
TSC1
or
TSC2
genes
are
linked
to
alterations
neuronal
function
which
ultimately
lead
the
development
of
a
complex
neurological
phenotype.
Here
we
review
current
research
on
effects
that
reduction
can
produce
developing
neural
network.
A
crucial
feature
disease
pathophysiology
appears
be
an
early
deviation
from
typical
neurodevelopment,
form
structural
abnormalities.
Epileptic
seizures
one
primary
manifestation
CNS,
followed
by
intellectual
deficits
and
autism
spectrum
disorders
(ASD).
Research
using
mouse
models
suggests
morphological
brain
might
arise
interaction
different
cellular
types,
hyperexcitability
postnatal
period
transient.
Moreover,
increased
excitation-to-inhibition
ratio
represent
transient
compensatory
adjustment
stabilize
network
rather
than
factor
for
ASD
symptoms.
The
inhomogeneous
results
suggest
region-specificity
as
well
evolving
picture
functional
along
development.
Furthermore,
symptoms
epilepsy
originate
but
potentially
overlapping
mechanisms,
explain
recent
observations
obtained
patients.
Potential
treatment
is
determined
not
only
type
medicament,
also
time
point
treatment.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2022
Abstract
Important
functions
of
the
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
are
established
during
early
life,
when
neurons
exhibit
enhanced
synaptic
plasticity
and
synaptogenesis.
This
developmental
stage
drives
organization
cortical
connectivity,
responsible
for
establishing
behavioral
patterns.
Serotonin
(5-HT)
emerges
among
most
significant
factors
that
modulate
brain
activity
postnatal
development.
In
PFC,
activated
5-HT
receptors
modify
neuronal
excitability
interact
with
intracellular
signaling
involved
in
modifications,
thus
suggesting
might
participate
plasticity.
To
test
this
hypothesis,
we
employed
electrophysiological
recordings
PFC
layer
5
to
study
modulatory
effects
on
induced
by
theta-burst
stimulation
(TBS)
two
periods
rats.
Our
results
indicate
is
essential
TBS
result
changes
third
week,
but
not
later.
coupled
2A
or
1A
7
leads
long-term
depression
(LTD).
On
other
hand,
synergic
activation
,
lead
potentiation
(LTP).
Finally,
also
show
dependent
impaired
animals
exposed
early-life
chronic
stress.
The
ability
to
persist
toward
a
desired
objective
is
fundamental
aspect
of
behavioral
control
whose
impairment
implicated
in
several
disorders.
One
the
prominent
features
persistence
that
its
maturation
occurs
relatively
late
development.
This
presumed
echo
developmental
time
course
corresponding
circuit
within
late-maturing
parts
brain,
such
as
prefrontal
cortex,
but
specific
identity
responsible
circuits
unknown.
Here,
we
used
genetic
approach
describe
projection
from
layer
5
neurons
neocortex
dorsal
raphe
nucleus
mice.
Using
optogenetic-assisted
mapping,
show
this
undergoes
dramatic
increase
synaptic
potency
between
postnatal
weeks
3
and
8,
transition
juvenile
adult.
We
then
period
corresponds
an
mice
exhibit
foraging
task.
Finally,
targeting
strategy
primarily
affected
medial
selectively
ablate
pathway
adulthood
revert
phenotype
similar
juveniles.
These
results
suggest
frontal
cortical
input
critical
anatomical
functional
substrate
development
manifestation
persistence.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
41(5), С. 813 - 822
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2021
The
sensory
and
cognitive
abilities
of
the
mammalian
neocortex
are
underpinned
by
intricate
columnar
laminar
circuits
formed
from
an
array
diverse
neuronal
populations.
One
approach
to
determining
how
interactions
between
these
circuit
components
give
rise
complex
behavior
is
investigate
rules
which
cortical
acquire
functionality
during
development.
This
review
summarizes
recent
research
on
development
neocortex,
genetic
determination
in
neural
stem
cells
through
dynamic
role
that
specific
populations
play
earliest
they
contribute
emergent
function
cognition.
While
many
endeavors
take
advantage
model
systems,
consideration
will
also
be
given
advances
our
understanding
activity
nascent
human
circuits.
Such
cross-species
perspective
imperative
when
investigating
mechanisms
underlying
dysfunction
early
neocortical
neurodevelopmental
disorders,
so
one
can
identify
targets
amenable
therapeutic
intervention.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(14), С. 7273 - 7273
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2021
Mutations
in
TSC1
or
TSC2
genes
are
linked
to
alterations
neuronal
function
which
ultimately
lead
the
development
of
a
complex
neurological
phenotype.
Here
we
review
current
research
on
effects
that
reduction
can
produce
developing
neural
network.
A
crucial
feature
disease
pathophysiology
appears
be
an
early
deviation
from
typical
neurodevelopment,
form
structural
abnormalities.
Epileptic
seizures
one
primary
manifestation
CNS,
followed
by
intellectual
deficits
and
autism
spectrum
disorders
(ASD).
Research
using
mouse
models
suggests
morphological
brain
might
arise
interaction
different
cellular
types,
hyperexcitability
postnatal
period
transient.
Moreover,
increased
excitation-to-inhibition
ratio
represent
transient
compensatory
adjustment
stabilize
network
rather
than
factor
for
ASD
symptoms.
The
inhomogeneous
results
suggest
region-specificity
as
well
evolving
picture
functional
along
development.
Furthermore,
symptoms
epilepsy
originate
but
potentially
overlapping
mechanisms,
explain
recent
observations
obtained
patients.
Potential
treatment
is
determined
not
only
type
medicament,
also
time
point
treatment.
