Microglia in depression: an overview of microglia in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2022

Abstract Major depressive disorder is a highly debilitating psychiatric involving the dysfunction of different cell types in brain. Microglia are predominant resident immune cells brain and exhibit critical role depression. Recent studies have suggested that depression can be regarded as microglial disease. regulate inflammation, synaptic plasticity, formation neural networks, all which affect In this review, we highlighted microglia pathology First, described activation animal models clinically depressed patients. Second, emphasized possible mechanisms by recognize depression-associated stress conditions. Third, how antidepressants (clinical medicines natural products) activation. Thus, review aimed to objectively analyze focus on potential antidepressants. These data regulation actions might novel therapeutic strategy counteract adverse effects devastating mental disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms governing activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian CNS

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(11), С. 657 - 673

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiome and mental health: advances in research and emerging priorities

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(4), С. 1908 - 1919

Опубликована: Март 2, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Engineered Nanoerythrocytes Alleviate Central Nervous System Inflammation by Regulating the Polarization of Inflammatory Microglia

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(27)

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2022

Microglial polarization is one of the most promising therapeutic strategies for multiple central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, safe, effective, and controllable microglial regulation still faces formidable challenges. Although some anti-inflammatory factors promote microglia polarization, their short half-life, high cost, unpredictable in vivo behavior, complex delivery operations, hamper clinical application. Here, inspired by natural microhemorrhage cleaning mechanism, an MG1 peptide RVG29 engineered nanoerythrocyte (NEMR) that can reprogram are developed from classical M1 toward alternative M2 inducing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), stimulating Notch1/Hes1/Stat3 signaling, further inhibiting NF-κB p65 translocation. Moreover, carbon monoxide (CO) bilirubin produced endogenous metabolism reinforces effect. In middle cerebral artery occlusion experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models, a satisfactory prognosis achieved, with precise inflammatory lesion sites, increased expression factors, reduced blood-brain barrier permeability, as well promotion neurogenesis functional recovery. Furthermore, NEMR be integrated agents, which facilitates drug to enhance effects. Hence, nanoerythrocytes, feasible, efficient, practical tool, provides new strategy rebalancing immune environment CNS

Язык: Английский

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New Insights into the Pivotal Role of the Amygdala in Inflammation-Related Depression and Anxiety Disorder

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(19), С. 11076 - 11076

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2022

Depression and anxiety disorders are the two most prevalent psychiatric diseases that affect hundreds of millions individuals worldwide. Understanding etiology related mechanisms is great importance might yield new therapeutic strategies to treat these effectively. During past decades, a growing number studies have pointed out stress-induced inflammatory response in amygdala, kernel region for processing emotional stimuli, as potentially critical contributor pathophysiology depression disorders. In this review, we first summarized recent progress from both animal human toward understanding causal link between inflammation disorders, with particular emphasis on findings showing effect functional changes neurons at levels ranging molecular signaling, cellular function, synaptic plasticity, neural circuit behavior, well their contributions pathology inflammation-related Finally, concluded by discussing some difficulties surrounding current research propose issues worth future study field.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms in Major Depressive Disorder: From Etiology to Potential Pharmacological Targets

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(5), С. 423 - 423

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

The involvement of central and peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis prognosis major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated. increase pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α) individuals with depression may elicit neuroinflammatory processes inflammation, mechanisms that, turn, can contribute to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Together, neuroinflammation dysbiosis induce alterations tryptophan metabolism, culminating decreased serotonin synthesis, impairments neuroplasticity-related mechanisms, glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. This review aims highlight inflammatory (neuroinflammation, dysbiosis) involved pathophysiology MDD explore novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for this psychiatric disturbance. Several lines evidence have indicated that addition antidepressants, physical exercise, probiotics, nutraceuticals (agmatine, ascorbic acid, vitamin D) possess effects their antidepressant properties. Further studies are necessary benefits these alternative therapies MDD.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome and tryptophan metabolomics analysis in adolescent depression: roles of the gut microbiota in the regulation of tryptophan-derived neurotransmitters and behaviors in human and mice

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Abstract Background Adolescent depression is becoming one of the major public health concerns, because its increased prevalence and risk significant functional impairment suicidality. Clinical commonly emerges in adolescence; therefore, prevention intervention at this stage crucial. Recent evidence supports importance gut microbiota (GM) modulation multiple functions associated with through gut-brain axis (GBA). However, underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, current study, we aimed to screen out from healthy depressive adolescents, delineate association targeted adolescent depression, address salutary effects on anti-depressive behaviors mice involving metabolism tryptophan (Trp)-derived neurotransmitters along GBA. Results Here, found volunteers, first diagnosis patients sertraline interveners after displayed difference, relative abundance Faecalibacterium , Roseburia Collinsella Blautia Phascolarctobacterium Lachnospiraceae-unclassified decreased patients, while restored treatment. Of note, exhibited a high efficiency predicting depression. Intriguingly, transplantation fecal volunteers chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced depressed significantly ameliorated mouse behaviors, which exerted critical roles, since effective colonization colon resulted remarkably 5-HT level reciprocally kynurenine (Kyn) toxic metabolites quinolinic acid (Quin) 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) levels both brain colon. The specific roles were further validated by target bacteria model, intestinalis ( Ri .) was gavaged importantly, it dramatically CRS-induced via promoting hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) or -1 (TPH1) expression. Reciprocally, Ri. markedly restrained limit-step enzyme responsible for (indoleamine2,3-dioxygenase 1, IDO1) (3-hydroxyanthranilic 3,4-dioxygenase, 3HAO) generation, thereby Kyn Quin levels. Additionally, . administration pivotal role protection synaptic loss, microglial activation, astrocyte maintenance. Conclusions This study beneficial balancing Trp-derived neurotransmitter improving synaptogenesis glial maintenance, may yield novel insights into microbial markers therapeutic strategies GBA

Язык: Английский

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Flexible Electrodes for Brain–Computer Interface System

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(47)

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

Abstract Brain–computer interface (BCI) has been the subject of extensive research recently. Governments and companies have substantially invested in relevant applications. The restoration communication motor function, treatment psychological disorders, gaming, other daily therapeutic applications all benefit from BCI. electrodes hold key to essential, fundamental BCI precondition electrical brain activity detection delivery. However, traditional rigid are limited due their mismatch Young's modulus, potential damages human body, a decline signal quality with time. These factors make development flexible vital urgent. Flexible made soft materials grown popularity recent years as an alternative conventional because they offer greater conformance, for higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) signals, wider range Therefore, latest classifications future developmental directions fabricating these explored this paper further encourage speedy advent In summary, perspectives outlook developing discipline provided.

Язык: Английский

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Microglia govern the extinction of acute stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in male mice

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Abstract Anxiety-associated symptoms following acute stress usually become extinct gradually within a period of time. However, the mechanisms underlying how individuals cope with to achieve extinction anxiety are not clear. Here we show that restraint causes an increase in activity GABAergic neurons CeA (GABA ) male mice, resulting anxiety-like behaviors 12 hours; meanwhile, elevated GABA neuronal CX3CL1 secretion via MST4 (mammalian sterile-20-like kinase 4)-NF-κB-CX3CL1 signaling consequently activates microglia CeA. Activated turn inhibit engulfment their dendritic spines, ultimately leading induced by stress. These findings reveal dynamic molecular and cellular mechanism which drive negative feedback activity, thus facilitating maintenance brain homeostasis response

Язык: Английский

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The endotoxin hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) constitutes much of the surface Gram-negative bacteria, and if LPS enters human body or brain can induce inflammation act as an endotoxin. We outline hypothesis here that may contribute to pathophysiology Alzheimer’s disease (AD) via peripheral infections gut dysfunction elevating levels in blood brain, which promotes: amyloid pathology, tau pathology microglial activation, contributing neurodegeneration AD. The evidence supporting this includes: i) are elevated AD patients, ii) risk factors increase response, iii) induces Aβ expression, aggregation, neurotoxicity, iv) TAU phosphorylation, aggregation spreading, v) priming, activation vi) loss synapses, neurons memory mouse models, cognitive humans. However, test hypothesis, it is necessary whether reducing reduces progression. If endotoxin correct, then treatments might include: infections, changing microbiome, leaky gut, decreasing LPS, blocking response.

Язык: Английский

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