Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(11), С. 2563 - 2563
Опубликована: Май 30, 2023
Probiotic
supplements
are
increasingly
being
used
to
target
the
gut
microbiome
with
a
view
improving
cognitive
and
psychological
function
via
gut-brain
axis.
One
possible
mechanism
behind
effect
of
probiotics
is
through
alterations
microbially-derived
metabolites
including
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFA)
neurotransmitters.
However,
research
date
has
largely
been
conducted
in
animal
models
or
under
conditions
irrelevant
human
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT).
The
aim
current
work
was
therefore
use
anaerobic,
pH
controlled
vitro
batch
cultures
(a)
assess
production
neuroactive
faecal
microbiota
relevant
GIT,
(b)
explore
how
several
pre-selected
probiotic
strains
may
affect
bacterial
composition
metabolite
production.
Enumeration
bacteria
assessed
using
fluorescence
situ
hybridisation
flow
cytometry,
concentrations
SCFAs
neurotransmitters
were
measured
gas
chromatography
liquid
mass
spectroscopy,
respectively.
GABA,
serotonin,
tryptophan,
dopamine
successfully
detected,
suggesting
some
level
microbial
derivation.
addition
Lactococcus
lactis
W58
Lactobacillus
rhamnosus
W198
resulted
significant
increase
lactate
after
8
h
fermentation,
while
no
on
neurotransmitter
found.
A
view
of
life,
based
on
sympoiesis,
metabolism,
and
the
second
law
thermodynamics
is
proposed.
Sympoiesis
notion
that
organisms
develop
as
teams,
symbionts
play
roles
in
forming
their
partners.
Metabolism
seen
to
occur
not
only
within
these
developmental
symbionts,
but
between
them,
well.
This
occurs
through
thermodynamic
principles
finding
lowest
free
energy
states.
Once
one
accepts
metabolism
holobionts
emerge
Gaia
becomes
readily
understood.
New
ethical
flow
from
considerations.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023
Dysbiosis
of
the
gut
microbiome
is
thought
to
be
developmental
origins
host’s
health
and
disease
through
microbiota-gut-brain
(MGB)
axis:
such
as
immune-mediated,
metabolic,
neurodegenerative,
neurodevelopmental
diseases.
Autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
attention-deficit/hyperactivity
(ADHD)
are
common
disorders,
growing
evidence
indicates
contribution
changes
imbalances
these
conditions,
pointing
importance
considering
MGB
axis
in
their
treatment.
This
review
summarizes
general
knowledge
microbial
colonization
development
early
life
its
role
pathogenesis
ASD/ADHD,
highlighting
a
promising
therapeutic
approach
for
ASD/ADHD
modulation
using
psychobiotics
(probiotics
that
positively
affect
neurological
function
can
applied
treatment
psychiatric
diseases)
fecal
transplantation
(FMT).
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(24), С. 5288 - 5303.e6
Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2023
Although
recent
studies
indicate
the
impact
of
microbes
on
central
nervous
systems
and
behavior,
it
remains
unclear
how
relationship
between
functionality
system,
microbiota
evolved.
In
this
work,
we
analyzed
eating
behavior
Hydra,
a
host
that
has
simple
system
low-complexity
microbiota.
To
identify
neuronal
subpopulations
involved,
used
subpopulation-specific
cell
ablation
calcium
imaging.
The
role
was
uncovered
by
manipulating
diversity
natural
We
show
different
are
functioning
together
to
control
behavior.
Animals
with
drastically
reduced
microbiome
had
severe
difficulties
in
mouth
opening
due
significantly
increased
level
glutamate.
This
could
be
reversed
adding
full
complement
summary,
provide
mechanistic
explanation
Hydra's
controls
what
play
this.
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(11), С. 2563 - 2563
Опубликована: Май 30, 2023
Probiotic
supplements
are
increasingly
being
used
to
target
the
gut
microbiome
with
a
view
improving
cognitive
and
psychological
function
via
gut-brain
axis.
One
possible
mechanism
behind
effect
of
probiotics
is
through
alterations
microbially-derived
metabolites
including
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFA)
neurotransmitters.
However,
research
date
has
largely
been
conducted
in
animal
models
or
under
conditions
irrelevant
human
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT).
The
aim
current
work
was
therefore
use
anaerobic,
pH
controlled
vitro
batch
cultures
(a)
assess
production
neuroactive
faecal
microbiota
relevant
GIT,
(b)
explore
how
several
pre-selected
probiotic
strains
may
affect
bacterial
composition
metabolite
production.
Enumeration
bacteria
assessed
using
fluorescence
situ
hybridisation
flow
cytometry,
concentrations
SCFAs
neurotransmitters
were
measured
gas
chromatography
liquid
mass
spectroscopy,
respectively.
GABA,
serotonin,
tryptophan,
dopamine
successfully
detected,
suggesting
some
level
microbial
derivation.
addition
Lactococcus
lactis
W58
Lactobacillus
rhamnosus
W198
resulted
significant
increase
lactate
after
8
h
fermentation,
while
no
on
neurotransmitter
found.
