Replay-triggered brain-wide activation in humans

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

The consolidation of discrete experiences into a coherent narrative shapes the cognitive map, providing structured mental representations our experiences. In this process, past memories are reactivated and replayed in sequence, fostering hippocampal-cortical dialogue. However, brain-wide engagement coinciding with sequential reactivation (or replay) remains largely unexplored. study, employing simultaneous EEG-fMRI, we capture both spatial temporal dynamics memory replay. We find that during simulation, fast sequences as detected via EEG. These transient replay events associated heightened fMRI activity hippocampus medial prefrontal cortex. Replay occurrence strengthens functional connectivity between default mode network, set brain regions key to representing map. On other hand, when subjects at rest following learning, task-related items is stronger than pre-learning rest, also hippocampal activation augmented entorhinal Together, findings highlight distributed, its This study uses EEG-fMRI investigate how replays experiences, revealing by EEG correspond increased enhanced network fMRI.

Язык: Английский

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Prediction-error signals in anterior cingulate cortex drive task-switching

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024

Task-switching is a fundamental cognitive ability that allows animals to update their knowledge of current rules or contexts. Detecting discrepancies between predicted and observed events essential for this process. However, little known about how the brain computes prediction-errors whether neural prediction-error signals are causally related task-switching behaviours. Here we trained mice use switch, in single trial, responding same stimuli using two distinct rules. Optogenetic silencing un-silencing, together with widefield two-photon calcium imaging revealed anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was specifically required rapid task-switching, but only when it exhibited signals. These were projection-target dependent larger preceding successful behavioural transitions. An all-optical approach disinhibitory interneuron circuit computation. results reveal mechanism computing transitioning states.

Язык: Английский

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Early environmental influences on the orbito-frontal cortex function and its effects on behavior

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106013 - 106013

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Early-life adversity during pre- and early post-natal phases can impact brain development lead to maladaptive changes in executive behaviors. This increases the risk for a range of psychopathologies physical diseases. Importantly, exposure adversities these periods is also linked alterations orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) which key player functions. The OFC thus appears be central node this association between life stress disease risk. Gaining clear, detailed understanding stress, function, behaviors, as well underlying mechanisms mediating relevant inform potential therapeutic interventions. In paper, we begin by reviewing evidence linking 1) behaviors regulated 2) anatomy function. We then present insights into changes, stemming from models, highlight important future directions line research.

Язык: Английский

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Linking the Congruency Effect in Memory to Confirmation Bias in Decision-Making Across the Lifespan – Common Roles of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex

European Psychologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Abstract: Memory and decision-making are two key cognitive processes, influencing each other, possessing various commonalities differences. The intricate relationship between the concepts has gained recent emphasis under a neurocognitive system model. aim of this review is to connect these areas research by focusing on – congruency effect in memory confirmation bias research, inspire new directions. In selective literature, studies were chosen based their relevance topics following comprehensive literature searches. begins with an overview concepts, both which notably linked prior experiences, implicating common roles medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Given distinct maturation ageing patterns dorsal ventral parts mPFC (dmPFC vmPFC), we further explore related from developmental neuroscience perspective. This perspective offers valuable tool for understanding underlying mechanisms suggests potential directions future including investigating learning processes associated effect, employing more complete inclusive lifespan samples conducting individual sum, linking may shed light how humans process information experiences.

Язык: Английский

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Emergent Aspects of the Integration of Sensory and Motor Functions

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 162 - 162

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

This article delves into the intricate mechanisms underlying sensory integration in executive control of movement, encompassing ideomotor activity, predictive capabilities, and motor systems. It examines interplay between functions, highlighting role cortical subcortical regions central nervous system enhancing environmental interaction. The acquisition skills, procedural memory, representation actions brain are discussed emphasizing significance mental imagery training function. development this aspect sensorimotor can help to advance our understanding interactions control, mechanisms, consciousness. Bridging theoretical insights with practical applications, it sets stage for future innovations clinical rehabilitation, assistive technology, education. ongoing exploration these domains promises uncover new pathways human capability well-being.

Язык: Английский

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A stable, distributed code for cue value in mouse cortex during reward learning

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

The ability to associate reward-predicting stimuli with adaptive behavior is frequently attributed the prefrontal cortex, but stimulus-specificity, spatial distribution, and stability of cue-reward associations are unresolved. We trained head-fixed mice on an olfactory Pavlovian conditioning task measured coding properties individual neurons across space (prefrontal, olfactory, motor cortices) time (multiple days). Neurons encoding cues or licks were most common in respectively. By quantifying responses cue-encoding six varying probabilities reward, we unexpectedly found value all regions sampled, some enrichment cortex. further that cue lick codes preserved days. Our results demonstrate stably encode components learning within a larger gradient properties.

Язык: Английский

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Imagining the future self through thought experiments

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(5), С. 446 - 455

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2023

The ability of the mind to conceptualize what is not present essential. It allows us reason counterfactually about might have happened had events unfolded differently or another course action been taken. think happen - perform 'Gedankenexperimente' (thought experiments) before we act. However, cognitive and neural mechanisms mediating this are poorly understood. We suggest that frontopolar cortex (FPC) keeps track evaluates alternative choices (what done), whereas anterior lateral prefrontal (alPFC) compares simulations possible future scenarios do) their reward values. Together, these brain regions support construction suppositional scenarios.

Язык: Английский

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Human ventromedial prefrontal cortex is necessary for prosocial motivation

Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(7), С. 1403 - 1416

Опубликована: Май 27, 2024

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is vital for decision-making. Functional neuroimaging links vmPFC to processing rewards and effort, while parallel work suggests involvement in prosocial behaviour. However, the necessity of these functions unknown. Patients with rare focal lesions (n = 25), patients elsewhere 15) healthy controls 40) chose between rest exerting effort earn themselves or another person. damage decreased prosociality across behavioural computational measures. earned less, discounted by more, exerted less force when person benefited, compared both control groups. Voxel-based lesion mapping revealed dissociations subregions. While medial led antisocial behaviour, lateral increased behaviour relative elsewhere. also showed reduced sensitivity overall, but reward was limited specific These results reveal multiple causal contributions reward.

Язык: Английский

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Network mechanisms of ongoing brain activity’s influence on conscious visual perception

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Abstract Sensory inputs enter a constantly active brain, whose state is always changing from one moment to the next. Currently, little known about how ongoing, spontaneous brain activity participates in online task processing. We employed 7 Tesla fMRI and threshold-level visual perception probe effects of prestimulus ongoing on perceptual decision-making conscious recognition. Prestimulus originating distributed regions, including cortices regions default-mode cingulo-opercular networks, exerted diverse set sensitivity criterion recognition, categorization performance. further elucidate mechanisms underlying these behavioral effects, revealing modulates multiple aspects stimulus processing highly specific network-dependent manners. These findings reveal heretofore unknown network activity’s influence perception, may hold implications for understanding precise roles other functions.

Язык: Английский

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Plasticity of synapses and reward circuit function in the genesis and treatment of depression

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(1), С. 90 - 103

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2022

Язык: Английский

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