Abstract
In
the
central
nervous
system,
sequences
of
neural
activity
form
trajectories
on
low
dimensional
manifolds.
The
computation
underlying
flexible
cognition
and
behavior
relies
dynamic
control
these
structures.
For
example
different
tasks
or
behaviors
are
represented
subspaces,
requiring
fast
timescale
subspace
rotation
to
move
from
one
next.
flexibility
in
a
particular
behavior,
trajectory
must
be
dynamically
controllable
within
that
behaviorally
determined
subspace.
To
understand
how
their
subspaces
may
implemented
circuits,
we
first
characterized
relationship
between
features
aspects
projection.
Based
this,
propose
mechanisms
can
act
local
circuits
modulate
thereby
controlling
subspaces.
particular,
show
gain
modulation
transient
synaptic
currents
speed
path
clustered
inhibition
determines
manifold
orientation.
Together,
enable
substrate
for
The
ability
to
evaluate
valence
of
a
social
agent
based
on
experience
is
essential
for
an
animal's
survival
in
its
group1.
Although
hippocampal
circuits
have
been
implicated
distinguishing
novel
and
familiar
conspecifics2-7,
it
remains
unclear
how
constructed
the
basis
history
what
mechanisms
underlie
heightened
versatility
dynamic
relationships.
Here
we
demonstrate
that
ventral
(v)CA1
integrates
serotonin
(5-HT)
inputs
from
dorsal
raphe
neurotensin
paraventricular
nucleus
thalamus
(PVT)
determine
positive
or
negative
conspecific
representations.
Specifically,
during
appetitive
interaction
5-HT
released
into
vCA1
disinhibits
pyramidal
neurons
through
5-HT1B
receptors,
whereas
aversive
potentiates
directly
NTR1s.
Optogenetic
silencing
PVT
impairs
valence,
respectively,
excitation
flexibly
switches
assignment.
These
results
show
rewarding
experiences
are
linked
identity
converging
signals
instruct
opposing
represent
synaptic
switch
flexible
computation.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Organisms
continually
tune
their
perceptual
systems
to
the
features
they
encounter
in
environment
1-3
.
We
have
studied
how
ongoing
experience
reorganizes
synaptic
connectivity
of
neurons
olfactory
(piriform)
cortex
mouse.
developed
an
approach
measure
vivo
,
training
a
deep
convolutional
network
reliably
identify
monosynaptic
connections
from
spike-time
cross-correlograms
4.4
million
single-unit
pairs.
This
revealed
that
excitatory
piriform
with
similar
odor
tuning
are
more
likely
be
connected.
asked
whether
enhances
this
like-to-like
but
found
it
was
unaffected
by
exposure.
Experience
did,
however,
alter
logic
interneuron
connectivity.
Following
repeated
encounters
set
odorants,
inhibitory
responded
differentially
these
stimuli
exhibited
high
degree
both
incoming
and
outgoing
within
cortical
network.
reorganization
depended
only
on
not
its
pre-
or
postsynaptic
partners.
A
computational
model
reorganized
predicts
increases
dimensionality
entire
network's
responses
familiar
stimuli,
thereby
enhancing
discriminability.
confirmed
network-level
property
is
present
physiological
measurements,
which
showed
increased
separability
evoked
versus
novel
odorants.
Thus,
simple,
non-Hebbian
may
selectively
enhance
organism's
discrimination
environment.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Май 12, 2025
Abstract
Reward
processing
involves
several
prefrontal
cortex
areas,
enabling
individuals
to
learn
from
behavioral
outcomes
and
shape
decisions.
However,
the
role
of
frontopolar
(FPC)
in
these
processes
remains
unclear
due
limited
single-neuron
research.
In
this
study,
we
recorded
neural
activity
FPC
two
macaques
performing
a
fast-learning
task,
object-in-place
reward
which
examined
how
size
affects
learning.
Results
showed
that
feedback
monitoring
extends
value
specific
choices.
Moreover,
once
association
between
scenes
had
been
learned,
before
choice
reflected
future
animal’s
behavior
stay
or
switch
on
their
previous
strategy,
i.e.,
choose
same
target
other
one.
These
results
suggest
neurons
integrated
information
for
action
later
reprocessed
it
decide
best
strategy
adopt,
determining
whether
maintain
change
plan.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
44(5), С. 115714 - 115714
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
The
dorsal
and
ventral
regions
of
the
CA1
field
hippocampus
play
distinct
roles
in
encoding
cognitive
vs.
emotional
behaviors,
respectively.
Whether
this
distinction
applies
to
other
hippocampal
fields
behaviors
is
unclear.
Here,
we
focus
on
CA2
compare
properties
behavioral
its
(dCA2)
(vCA2)
regions.
Although
dCA2
known
be
required
for
social
memory
promote
aggression,
role
vCA2
unknown.
We
report
that
a
defined
region
extends
extreme
pole
hippocampus,
with
certain
distinctions
dCA2.
Unlike
dCA2,
chemogenetic
silencing
pyramidal
neurons
did
not
impair
memory.
Similar
was
aggression.
Thus,
consistent
region,
may
differentially
tuned
support
compared
processes
along
axis.
PLoS Computational Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
21(5), С. e1013083 - e1013083
Опубликована: Май 13, 2025
Accurate
retrieval
of
the
maintained
information
is
crucial
for
working
memory.
This
process
primarily
occurs
during
post-delay
epochs,
when
subjects
receive
cues
and
generate
responses.
However,
computational
neural
mechanisms
that
underlie
these
epochs
to
support
robust
memory
remain
poorly
understood.
To
address
this,
we
trained
recurrent
networks
(RNNs)
on
a
color
delayed-response
task,
where
certain
colors
(referred
as
common
colors)
were
more
frequently
presented
memorization.
We
found
RNNs
reduced
errors
by
decoding
broader
range
states
into
through
epochs.
was
driven
convergent
dynamics
non-dynamic,
biased
readout
Our
findings
highlight
importance
in
suggest
systems
adapt
environmental
statistics
using
multiple
across
task
The
brain
integrates
information
from
pain-predictive
cues
and
noxious
inputs
to
construct
the
pain
experience.
Although
previous
studies
have
identified
neural
encodings
of
individual
components,
how
they
are
integrated
remains
elusive.
Here,
using
a
cue-induced
task,
we
examined
temporal
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
activities
within
state
space,
where
axes
represent
voxel
activities.
By
analyzing
features
these
at
large-scale
network
level,
demonstrated
that
overall
networks
preserve
both
cue
stimulus
in
their
respective
subspaces
space.
However,
only
higher-order
networks,
including
limbic
default
mode
could
reconstruct
pattern
participants’
reported
by
linear
summation
subspace
activities,
providing
evidence
for
integration
information.
These
results
suggest
hierarchical
organization
processing
components
elucidate
mechanism
underlying
our
perception.
