Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(6), С. 1479 - 1479
Опубликована: Март 19, 2023
Carnosine
is
known
to
improve
brain
function.
The
molecular
basis
for
the
carnosine-mediated
interaction
between
intestinal
cells
and
neuronal
that
carnosine
acts
on
stimulates
exosome
secretion,
which
can
induce
neurite
outgrowth
in
cells.
This
study
aimed
infer
muscle
results
revealed
induces
cell
differentiation,
as
well
secretion
of
exosomes
myokines
act
not
only
but
also
cells,
stimulating
secretory
factors
including
be
involved
activation.
As
miRNAs
secreted
from
upon
treatment
are
different,
it
could
assumed
each
interact
with
through
separate
mechanisms.
Zabajkalʹskij medicinskij vestnik,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4, С. 126 - 132
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025
Over
the
past
couple
of
decades,
it
has
become
apparent
that
skeletal
muscles
work
as
an
endocrine
organ
can
produce
and
secrete
myokines
exert
their
effects
in
endocrine,
paracrine,
or
autocrine
manner.
Modern
research
shows
physical
exertion
induces
synthesis
molecules
involved
transmission
signals
between
muscle
cells
other
organs,
particular
brain,
adipose
tissue,
organs
gastrointestinal
tract,
well
skin
vascular
cells.
This
review
examines
cause
communication
with
neuroprotection
response
to
activity
related
processes.
Unlike
exercise-induced
protective
signaling
pathways,
inactivity
wasting
disrupt
expression
secretion
and,
turn,
function
central
nervous
system.
It
is
assumed
adapting
from
brain
by
modulating
will
help
combat
age-related
neurodegeneration
diseases
affected
systemic
signals.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2022
Physical
exercise
stimulates
neuroprotective
pathways,
has
pro-cognitive
actions,
and
alleviates
memory
impairment
in
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Irisin
is
an
exercise-linked
hormone
produced
by
cleavage
of
fibronectin
type
III
domain
containing
protein
5
(FNDC5)
skeletal
muscle,
brain
other
tissues.
was
recently
shown
to
mediate
the
benefits
AD
mouse
models.
Here,
we
sought
obtain
insight
into
actions
irisin.
We
demonstrate
that
adenoviral-mediated
expression
irisin
promotes
extracellular
derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)
accumulation
hippocampal
cultures.
further
show
transient
activation
signal-regulated
kinase
1/2
(ERK
1/2),
prevents
amyloid-β
oligomer-induced
oxidative
stress
primary
neurons.
Finally,
analysis
RNA
sequencing
(RNAseq)
datasets
shows
a
trend
reduction
FNDC5
mRNA
with
aging
tau
pathology
humans.
Results
indicate
activates
protective
pathways
neurons
support
notion
stimulation
signaling
may
be
beneficial
AD.
EBioMedicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
103, С. 105116 - 105116
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024
BackgroundDeep
learning
facilitates
large-scale
automated
imaging
evaluation
of
body
composition.
However,
associations
composition
biomarkers
with
medical
phenotypes
have
been
underexplored.
Phenome-wide
association
study
(PheWAS)
techniques
search
for
associated
biomarkers.
A
PheWAS
integrating
analysis
and
electronic
health
record
(EHR)
data
could
discover
previously
unreported
validate
expected
associations.
Here
we
use
methodology
to
determine
the
abdominal
CT-based
skeletal
muscle
metrics
in
a
large
North
American
cohort.MethodsAn
deep
pipeline
was
used
measure
index
(SMI;
biomarker
myopenia)
density
(SMD;
myosteatosis)
from
CT
scans
adults
between
2012
2018.
performed
logistic
regression
using
patient
sex
age
as
covariates
assess
CT-derived
611
common
EHR-derived
phenotypes.
P
values
were
considered
significant
at
Bonferroni
corrected
threshold
(α
=
0.05/1222).Findings17,646
(mean
age,
56
years
±
19
[SD];
57.5%
women)
included.
SMI
significantly
268
phenotypes;
SMD
340
Previously
highest
magnitude
significance
included
higher
decreased
cardiac
dysrhythmias
(OR
[95%
CI],
0.59
[0.55–0.64];
<
0.0001),
epilepsy
(OR,
[0.50–0.70];
increased
elevated
prostate-specific
antigen
1.84
[1.47–2.31];
decubitus
ulcers
0.36
[0.31–0.42];
sleep
disorders
0.39
[0.32–0.47];
osteomyelitis
0.43
[0.36–0.52];
0.0001).InterpretationPheWAS
reveals
myopenia
myosteatosis
EHR
The
high-throughput
technique
applied
on
population
scale
can
generate
research
hypotheses
related
be
adapted
possible
other
hundreds
phenotypes.FundingNational
Institutes
Health,
Stanford
AIMI-HAI
pilot
grant,
Precision
Health
Integrated
Diagnostics,
Cardiovascular
Institute,
Center
Digital
Knight-Hennessy
Scholars.
Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(10), С. 1241 - 1241
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024
Parkinson's
disease
(PD)
is
a
prevalent
neurodegenerative
in
which
treatment
often
includes
an
exercise
regimen.
Exercise
neuroprotective
animal
models
of
PD,
and,
more
recently,
human
clinical
studies
have
verified
exercise's
disease-modifying
effect.
Aerobic
and
resistance
training
improve
many
PD's
motor
non-motor
symptoms,
while
neuromotor
therapy
stretching/flexibility
exercises
positively
contribute
to
the
quality
life
people
with
PD.
Therefore,
understanding
role
managing
this
complex
disorder
crucial.
Exerkines
are
bioactive
substances
that
synthesized
released
during
been
implicated
several
positive
health
outcomes,
including
neuroprotection.
protect
neuronal
cells
vitro
rodent
PD
vivo.
both
increase
exerkine
levels
blood,
suggesting
for
exerkines
theory.
Many
demonstrate
potential
protecting
brain
against
pathological
missteps
caused
by
Every
person
(people)
(PwP)
needs
comprehensive
plan
tailored
their
unique
abilities.
Here,
we
provide
template
help
PwP
understand
importance
treating
describe
barriers
confronting
attempt
exercise,
suggestions
overcoming
these
barriers,
explore
In
conclusion,
together
create
powerful
system
should
slowing
chronic
progression
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 15, 2024
Background
Patients
on
hemodialysis
have
a
higher
burden
of
cognitive
impairment
than
individuals
the
same
age
in
general
population.
Studies
found
link
between
cognition
and
skeletal
muscle
function.
However,
few
studies
investigated
these
associations
underlying
mechanisms
patients
hemodialysis.
Methods
A
total
166
were
enrolled
this
longitudinal
study.
Cognitive
function
was
assessed
by
Montreal
Assessment
(MoCA)
scores.
Skeletal
indicators
evaluated
using
Inbody
S10.
Plasma
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)
concentrations
measured
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay.
The
primary
outcome
change
MoCA
mediation
analysis
performed
to
examine
indirect
effect
decline
through
BDNF.
Results
Among
patients,
average
49.9
±
11.2
years.
Of
with
median
follow-up
1,136
days,
133
participated
We
defined
scores
decreased
≥2
points
at
3
years
from
baseline
measurement
as
(CD).
Compared
cognitively
unchanged
group,
CD
had
significantly
lower
fat-free
mass,
soft
lean
index
(all
P<0.05).
After
adjusting
for
potential
confounders,
protective
predictors
CD.
significant
increase
plasma
BDNF
levels
observed
group.
Mediation
suggested
that
played
mediating
role
20-35%
muscle.
Conclusion
is
predictor
undergoing
dialysis.
mediates
relationship
Neuropsychopharmacology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024
Abstract
Smoking
is
a
leading
cause
of
preventable
morbidity
and
mortality.
heritable,
genome-wide
association
studies
(GWASs)
smoking
behaviors
have
identified
hundreds
significant
loci.
Most
GWAS-identified
variants
are
noncoding
with
unknown
neurobiological
effects.
We
used
genotype,
DNA
methylation,
RNA
sequencing
data
in
postmortem
human
nucleus
accumbens
(NAc)
to
identify
cis
-methylation/expression
quantitative
trait
loci
(meQTLs/eQTLs),
investigate
variant-by-cigarette
interactions
across
the
genome,
overlay
QTL
evidence
at
evaluate
their
regulatory
potential.
Active
smokers
(
N
=
52)
nonsmokers
171)
were
defined
based
on
cotinine
biomarker
levels
next-of-kin
reporting.
simultaneously
tested
variant
variant-by-smoking
interaction
effects
methylation
expression,
separately,
adjusting
for
biological
technical
covariates
correcting
multiple
testing
using
two-stage
procedure.
found
>2
million
meQTL
p
adj
<
0.05)
corresponding
41,695
unique
CpGs.
Results
largely
driven
by
main
effects,
five
meQTLs,
mapping
NUDT12
,
FAM53B
RNF39
ADRA1B
showed
smoking.
57,683
eQTL
958
eGenes
no
interactions.
Colocalization
analyses
smoking-associated
GWAS
that
overlapped
meQTLs/eQTLs,
suggesting
these
heritable
factors
may
influence
through
functional
methylation/expression.
One
locus
containing
MUSTN1
ITIH4
colocalized
all
types
(GWAS,
meQTL,
eQTL).
In
this
first
map
NAc,
enriched
overlap
genetic
provides
gene
regulation
brain
helps
explain
neurobiology
behaviors.
Neurology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
99(7), С. 298 - 304
Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2022
Cumulative
evidence
indicates
that
physical
exercise
has
positive
effects
on
cognitive
functions.
Physical
activity
decreases
the
rate
of
decline
both
in
healthy
people
and
with
neurodegenerative
disorders
across
lifespan.1-5
Moderate-to-vigorous
been
shown
to
be
associated
improved
learning
memory,1,6,7
executive
functions,8
reaction
time.9
A
recent
longitudinal
population-based
study
including
2,060
cognitively
unimpaired
men
women
aged
70
years
or
older
showed
light-intensity
midlife
was
less
memory
function,
vigorous
late-life
language,
attention,
global
cognition
compared
no
reference
group.10
also
a
reduced
risk
dementia
among
individuals
mild
impairment
(MCI).11
Aerobic
beneficial
symptoms
Alzheimer
disease
(AD),12-14
frontotemporal
dementia,15
Parkinson
(PD).16-19
For
example,
randomized
controlled
trials
show
AD
MCI
groups,
an
effect
size
similar
donepezil.20
In
patients
PD,
aerobic
increased
functional
connectivity
anterior
putamen
sensorimotor
cortex
right
frontoparietal
network,
stabilizing
progression
corticostriatal
network
enhancing
performance.21
Exercise
training
program
had
prefrontal
gait
performance.22
