The Protective Effect of Social Reward on Opioid and Psychostimulant Reward and Relapse: Behavior, Pharmacology, and Brain Regions

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(50), С. 9298 - 9314

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022

Until recently, most modern neuroscience research on addiction using animal models did not incorporate manipulations of social factors. Social factors play a critical role in human addiction: isolation and exclusion can promote drug use relapse, while connections inclusion tend to be protective. Here, we discuss the state literature opioid psychostimulant preference, self-administration, relapse. We first summarize results from rodent studies behavioral, pharmacological, circuit mechanisms protective effect traditional experimenter-controlled interaction procedures conditioned place Next, behavioral brain-mechanism newer operant social-interaction that inhibit self-administration conclude by discussing how reviewed point future directions for field other psychiatric fields, their implications mechanistic understanding development new treatments. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this review, propose incorporating into could improve accounts help close gaps translating discovery treatment. both procedures. then potential clinical implications.

Язык: Английский

---

Review: Rethinking environmental enrichment as providing opportunities to acquire information

animal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(9), С. 101251 - 101251

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Environmental enrichment, that is making the environment of animals more complex, was first designed to enhance welfare and cognitive abilities captive animals, recently applied farm animals. Enrichments can be sensory, physical, social, occupational, feeding-based, or a mix these, with view improve animals' welfare. We posit enrichments share common factor providing information so enrichment all about animal way acquire by interacting environment. Animals enjoy acquiring information, process acts in enables them better adapt future environments. This reframed has several implications including prolonging duration exposure an does not necessarily increase impact neutral even slightly negative stimuli may still enriching, complex variable environments are intensively engage environment, it will benefit from enrichments. These should further explored comprehensive re-analyses findings literature and/or dedicated experiments.

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental enrichment and sex, but not n-acetylcysteine, alter extended-access amphetamine self-administration and cue-seeking

Behavioural Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 476, С. 115261 - 115261

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Sex difference in the effect of environmental enrichment on food restriction-induced persistence of cocaine conditioned place preference and mechanistic underpinnings

Addiction Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10, С. 100142 - 100142

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Psychosocial and environmental factors, including loss of natural reward, contribute to the risk drug abuse. Reward has been modeled in animals by removal from social or sexual contact, transfer enriched impoverished housing, restriction food. We previously showed that food increases unconditioned rewarding effects abused drugs conditioned incentive drug-paired environments. Mechanistic studies provided evidence decreased basal dopamine (DA) transmission, adaptive upregulation signaling downstream D1 DA receptor stimulation, synaptic upscaling incorporation calcium-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) medium spiny neurons (MSNs) nucleus accumbens (NAc). These findings align with still evolving 'reward deficiency' hypothesis The present study tested whether a compound reward is known increase utilization, enrichment, would prevent persistent expression cocaine place preference (CPP) otherwise observed restricted rats, along mechanistic underpinnings. Because nearly all prior investigations both enrichment on CPP were conducted male rodents, sexes included study. Results indicate curtailed persistence expression, D1R, amplitude frequency spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) NAc MSNs male, but not female, rats. failure significantly decrease restriction-induced insertion CP-AMPARs, how this may accord previous pharmacological blockade CP-AMPARs reverses behavioral discussed. In addition, it speculated estrous cycle-dependent fluctuations release, density MSN excitability obscure effect increased during thereby interfering development cellular produced males.

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental enrichment initiated in adolescence restores the reduced expression of synaptophysin and GFAP in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats in a sex‐specific manner

Developmental Psychobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 65(7)

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

Abstract This study aims at investigating whether environmental enrichment (EE) initiated in adolescence can alter chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)‐associated changes astroglial and synaptic plasticity markers male female rats. To this end, we studied possible alterations hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) synaptophysin (SYN) CUS rats previously housed EE. Wistar on postnatal day (PND) 23 were for 10 weeks standard housing (SH) or enriched conditions. On PND 66, animals exposed to 4 weeks. SYN GFAP expressions evaluated CA1 CA3 subfields dentate gyrus (DG). reduced the expression of all areas, whereas lower was evident only CA3. The DG SH/CUS rats, limited females. EE increased both protected against CUS‐associated decreases. Our findings indicate that decreases following are region sex‐specific underline neuroprotective role these changes.

Язык: Английский

---

Differential rearing alters Fos in the accumbens core and ventral palidum following reinstatement of cocaine seeking in male Sprague-Dawley rats

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243, С. 173837 - 173837

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental enrichment and complementary clinical interventions as therapeutic approaches for alcohol use disorder in animal models and humans

International review of neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 323 - 354

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

The jeong and haan of Vincent van Gogh: neuropeptides of bondedness and loss

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024

We introduce two Korean-named yet transcultural feelings, jeong and haan , to fill gaps in neuroscientific understanding of mammalian bondedness, loss, aggression. Jeong is a visceral sense connectedness person, place, or thing that may arise after proximity, does not require intimacy. The brain opioid theory social attachment (BOTSA) supports the idea involves increased activity enkephalins beta-endorphins. propose withdrawal -related neuropeptides leads original “missingness” too subtle be grossly dysphoric. Through narrative, cognitive appraisals, moral assignments, however, transform into feeling constructed haan— resentment, bitterness, grievance, sorrow, suppressed anger. In males, transformation driven by arginine vasopressin, an ancient fight-or-flight neurohormone. Constructed also vasopressin females, though data more sparse, both sexes it depend on situational societal context. Endogenous opioids inhibit so when diminishes, release become disinhibited. This relationship implies companion BOTSA, which we articulate as (BOVTOCH). To illustrate, reflect borderline personality disorder, Vincent van Gogh’s self-severing his ear while living working with Paul Gauguin, fearing abandonment him; understand Van Gogh completely present stable euphoric creativity (BOTSEC), model subjective “highs” associated creative flow states. Together these theories help explain how feelings related bondedness can influence range phenomena. For example, drug dependence be, at least partly, maladaptive response isolation disconnectedness; health protective effects bonds could tonic exposure endogenous their anti-inflammatory properties; opioid-based relational enhancement contribute placebo responding. Finally conclude pointing out possibility virtuous cycles creativity, reinforce one another through elevation.

Язык: Английский

---

A Community-Based Study of Behavioural Perception of Psychoactive Drug Abuse in Southern Nigeria

Annals of Health Research (The Journal of the Medical and Dental Consultants Association of Nigeria OOUTH Sagamu Nigeria), Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1), С. 23 - 29

Опубликована: Март 26, 2023

Background: Behavioural therapy is an effective intervention for drug abuse. Assessing the behavioural perception of abuse may reveal practices and focus points that require interventional sensitisation programs. Objective: To ascertain pattern psychoactive Methods: This descriptive study was carried out between May August 2022, among randomly selected residents a community in Southern Nigeria using structured questionnaire. Results: Out total 120 participants, 41.7% agreed drugs are necessary to maintain their status society, 46.7% could be taken promote social gathering effectively, there no wrong taking while 62.5% kill. Forty per cent validation agreements, 22.5% meant frustrated people. Over half (58.3%) disagreed addicts indulge criminal acts, 75.0% should avoided because it distorts sense judgment, 66.6% respondents young individuals see use as means escapism. Conclusions: The distribution participants with positive or negative perceptions approximately equal slight increase group. required reduce burden studied environment. Furthermore, this forms basis creating more health schemes burden.

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental enrichment accelerates the acquisition of schedule-induced drinking in rats

Behavioural Processes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 212, С. 104934 - 104934

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Environmental enrichment (EE) provides an improvement in the housing conditions of experimental animals, such as laboratory rats, with greater physical and social stimulation through toys company home cages. Its use is known to influence performance protocols, but these effects have not been well determined schedule-induced drinking (SID) procedure. The main goal this study was investigate EE on acquisition SID 24 12-week-old male Wistar divided into two groups, a group housed companions, without individual (social isolation no environmental enrichment, INEE). A total 25 sessions, under fixed time 30 s food reinforcement schedule access water chambers were carried out. Sessions lasted min. results showed that developed faster excessive pattern SID, drank higher levels, than INEE group. development contradicts view behavior linked stress reduction better suits conception induction related positive reinforcement.

Язык: Английский

---